It is of great significance to explore the causality between regional integration (RI) and PM2.5 pollution within urban agglomerations in the current pursuit of ecological civilization construction and high-quality development. Using panel data of 285 prefecture-level cities in China from 2003 to 2016, this study considers the expansion of the city economic coordination committee in Yangtze River Delta (YRDECC) as a quasi-natural experiment of RI, and use a difference-in difference method to explore the effect and inner mechanisms of RI on PM2.5 concentration. After a descriptive analysis of the spatial-temporal variation trend of the PM2.5 concentration in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, the empirical results show that RI helps to alleviate 4.8% of the PM2.5 concentration overall. For the original cities, the reduction effect on the PM2.5 concentration is 5.2%, for the new cities, however, RI exacerbates 2.1% of the local PM2.5 concentration. A series of robustness tests confirm the validity of the baseline results, and further indicate that the effect of RI remains significant in the long term and starts to increase from the third year. Furthermore, the reduction effect of RI on PM2.5 concentration is more pronounced in cities with larger scales, more developed economies, and higher degrees of marketization. The mechanism analysis shows that industrial transfer, population migration and technological innovation are significant channels of RI that affect PM2.5 concentrations. The conclusions of this paper provide a new path to alleviate PM2.5 pollution and achieve ecological conservation and high-quality development in the city cluster area.

This paper analyzes the spatial–temporal evolution of regional integration and industrial green transformation and empirically investigates the impact of regional integration on industrial green transformation using prefecture-level panel data of cities in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration (YRDUA) from 2006 to 2018. The major findings are as follows: (1) during the observation period, the level of regional integration rose in general, with regions with a high integrated level expanding northward, southward, and westward in the YRDUA. Industrial green transformation has the property of path-dependent and a spatial lock-in pattern of “high in the east, low in the west.” (2) There exists a considerable U-shaped relationship between regional integration and industrial green transformation; most cities in the YRDUA have crossed the inflection point in terms of integrated development. Regional integration has a positive spillover effect on the industrial green transformation of the surrounding areas, which diminishes as geographic distance increases. When the level of regional integration becomes excessive, it also impedes surrounding areas’ industrial green transformation. (3) Regional integration can affect industrial green transformation by promoting economic scale expansion, industrial structure upgrading, and technological progress. At this moment, the economic scale is the most significant mediating factor. With the advancement of regional integration, technological progress will become critical. This paper provides a rationale for understanding industrial green transformation from the perspective of regional integration and enriches theoretical and empirical studies on ecological civilization construction and green development in urban agglomerations.

This paper examines the interregional differences, dynamic changes and driving factors of industrial green transformation (IGT) based on panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020 using the GB-US-SBM model and the Global Malmquist‒Luenberger (GML) index from static and dynamic perspectives. On this basis, a unified evaluation system is constructed to classify IGT into four patterns: "advanced-positive", "advanced-negative", "backward-positive" and "backward-negative". The paper then determines the intertemporal transition paths of the IGT patterns and identifies the key factors that promote/hinder the transition from the 12th Five-Year Plan to the 13th Five-Year Plan. Finally, an analytical framework of the targeted policy toolkit is constructed according to the ideal degree of the transition paths, with a view to achieving a breakthrough in provinces with difficulties in industrial green transformation while promoting the overall degree of IGT in China. This paper provides empirical evidence and insights for green development and ecological construction of civilization with the local conditions in China during the 14th Five-Year Plan.

环境政策通过改变企业绿色转型成本和收益,从供给侧推动和需求侧拉动企业绿色转型.动态能力是指企业感知机会与威胁、学习创造新知识以及重构内外部资源,从而应对环境快速变化的能力.构建"环境政策—外部压力—绿色转型环节—动态能力—内部选择"的理论框架,综合内、外部视角研究企业绿色转型机制发现,企业绿色转型涉及绿色产品开发、绿色材料投入、绿色生产工艺、绿色供应链管理和绿色营销等多个环节,政策提供的外部支持与企业内部动态能力相互匹配,支撑企业全生命周期绿色转型.基于广西柳州钢铁集团的案例分析表明,企业绿色转型不是一劳永逸的,在动态变化环境下,企业实施转型并获得成功的关键在于具有与外部环境变化相匹配的动态能力.企业既需要把握外部环境政策变化带来的商机,又需要抓住转型重点环节,通过动态更新内部能力持续推进企业全生命周期绿色转型.

An enterprise's green value chain comprises a multitude of factors and links for a successful green transformation, and relevant environmental policies are multi-dimensional and multi-sectional. Environmental policies can affect the enterprise's green development through stimulating the supply of green services or by increasing the demand for green products. Based on 346 policy statements issued by various government departments from 2000 to 2020, this paper matches the "type" of environmental policy with the "dimension" of value chain of manufacturing companies, establishing a coordination model and a co-existing network to measure how both elements interact. The results indicate a notable phenomenon with the Chinese government's enterprise environmental policies, which can be described as "heavy supply-driven, light demand-pull." A strong emphasis is put on the supply side of policies, in particular for the technology innovation sector, but the demand end of policies is comparatively minimal. The synergy between the policies and the links in the green value chain is divergent, which replicates the "heavy end-treatment, light front-prevention" seen with existing policies. Policy synergy at the end of the value chain such as the green production process is more mature and well-integrated, while the synergy for green product development lacks policies on both ends. The mismatch and imbalance of policies limits the overall level of green transformation for manufacturing enterprises.

Based on the panel data of 218 prefecture-level cities in China from 2005 to 2019, this paper conducts a quasi-natural experiment with smart city pilot policies by using a multi-period differential model and introducing TOE framework to test the impact of smart city pilot policies on green innovation and its internal mechanism, and further discusses the spatial spillover effect of pilot policies on green innovation, the conclusions are as follows. Firstly, smart city pilots significantly promoted urban green innovation, and smart cities located in the eastern region and the lower administrative levels have a more significant role in promoting urban green innovation. The green innovation in the fields of alternative energy production, transportation, waste management, and energy conservation is relatively prominently affected by the smart city pilot policy. Secondly, smart city pilots promote urban green innovation by strengthening the level of informatization, realizing the advanced human capital structure and improving the government’s environmental governance capabilities. Finally, smart city pilot policies have spatial spillover effects that can positively impact green innovation in both local and neighboring cities.

基于2000-2017年中国省际面板数据,实证考察了市场分割对区域创新资源配置效率的影响.研究结果表明,市场分割短期内可以保护地方创新主体,促进本地创新资源配置效率提升,但这种促进效应在长期不可持续并逆转为阻碍效应;各地区的市场分割和创新资源配置效率呈现显著的空间 自相关性,无论短期还是长期,市场分割都不利于周边地区创新资源的有效配置;市场分割对创新资源配置效率的影响存在区域异质性,东部地区创新资源配置效率受市场分割的影响最为明显.中国地方政府应该彻底打破地区间市场分割的现状,通过东部地区降低市场分割程度带动中、西部地区作出相应调整,从根本上实现区域创新资源配置效率的协同提高.

文章考察了要素市场扭曲影响绿色经济增长的内在机制,并基于空间自滞后模型实证研究了其中的影响效应.研究发现,劳动力要素市场扭曲和资本要素市场扭曲助推了高污染企业发展、抑制了技术创新投入、导致了能源过度使用,从而对绿色全要素生产率和绿色经济增长产生不利影响;要素市场扭曲不仅阻碍了绿色技术进步,还抑制了绿色效率改善效应的发挥.相关研究结论为优化中国生产要素配置效率、促进经济高质量发展提供启示.

财政分权体制下地方政府之间的市场分割行为是引发雾霾污染的重要因素之一,以往研究忽视了对这一方面的考察.从规模变化效应、结构转型效应和技术进步效应三个方面分析了市场分割影响雾霾污染的传导机制,并基于卫星监测的PM2.5栅格数据,采用空间自滞后模型和两阶段最小二乘法实证分析了市场分割对雾霾污染的影响效应及其传导机制的作用效果.研究发现:考察期内,市场分割显著加剧了雾霾污染,且邻近地区的市场分割对本地区雾霾污染也具有显著的恶化作用;市场分割对雾霾污染的影响效应存在显著的时间和空间异质性;就传导机制来说,地方政府之间的市场分割行为抑制了规模变化效应、结构转型效应和技术进步效应的发挥,进而对雾霾污染产生重要影响;不仅如此,市场分割还进一步阻碍了地方政府围绕雾霾污染所开展的区域协同治理活动.研究结论的政策启示在于,在中国加快雾霾污染治理的进程中,各地区既要“自扫门前雪”,也要兼顾周边地区的“瓦上霜”,实现雾霾污染治理的群防群治和协同治理,促进中国经济实现高质量发展.

基于研发要素流动的视角,系统阐述了财政科技支出竞争影响区域创新绩效的内在机理,采用2007-2015年中国333个地级行政区域的面板数据,借鉴动态空间面板模型的分析思路,并基于地理邻接、空间距离、行政邻接和经济空间距离四个维度的地方政府竞争关系,实证考察了地方政府财政科技支出竞争对区域创新绩效的影响效应.研究发现,地方政府财政科技支出竞争对区域创新绩效具有显著的促进作用,并呈现出显著的时间特征.研发人员流动能够有效地发挥地方政府财政科技支出的竞争激励效应,从而促进区域创新绩效的提升,但是研发资本流动的影响路径是不显著的.地方政府财政科技支出竞争也是影响区域创新差距及其空间格局演变的重要因素.研究结论对优化地方政府之间的关系、促进创新型国家建设提供启示.

基于2007—2017年专利密集型产业面板数据,运用GML指数模型测度专利密集型产业8个行业的绿色全要素生产率,并对其进行收敛性分析.研究发现,专利密集型产业绿色全要素生产率整体水平较高,与传统全要素生产率相比,"波特假说"初步显现;总体上,专利密集型产业绿色全要素生产率呈上升趋势,技术进步贡献最大,不同行业的绿色全要素生产率增长水平和动态趋势不尽相同;整体行业、强专利密集型行业和弱专利密集型行业绿色全要素生产率内部差距仍然较大,整体行业与强专利密集型行业趋向共同稳态和自身稳态收敛,弱专利密集型行业仅趋向自身稳态收敛;行业集中度、行业规模对行业整体和弱专利密集型行业绿色全要素生产率具有正向作用,研发投入对强专利密集型行业绿色全要素生产率具有显著正向作用.

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">研究目标:探究长江经济带一体化对高技术产业研发效率的影响和作用机制。研究方法:以长江经济带各省份作为研究对象,运用理想决策单元交叉效率模型测算高技术产业研发效率,然后通过构建双重差分模型和面板门槛模型对长江经济带一体化与高技术产业研发效率之间关系进行检验。研究发现:长江经济带一体化对高技术产业研发效率具有显著的促进作用;进一步研究发现,长江经济带一体化对高技术产业研发效率的影响与区域异质性有关,即对于中游和下游地区的促进作用更强;在作用机制方面,长江经济带一体化与高技术产业研发效率之间存在基于研发强度的双门槛影响,并呈现出非线性的倒"U"形特征。研究创新:将聚焦长江经济带发展战略与高技术产业相结合,并着重探讨高技术产业研发效率受长江经济带一体化的影响情况。研究价值:证实长江经济带一体化有利于提升高技术产业研发效率,从区域一体化的视角为我国高技术产业创新发展提供了参考依据。</span>

文章从国家三大区域发展战略视角,利用2007-2016年中国285个地级市数据,对城市经济绿色增长进行实证分析.结果 表明:三大区域发展战略提高了城市绿色增长的整体水平,京津冀协同发展战略对绿色效率具有显著的正影响,“一带一路”与长江经济带发展战略则对绿色GDP呈现出显著增长效应;区分城市异质性后发现,省会城市的绿色效率和其他地级市的绿色GDP受到三大区域发展战略的正向影响最为显著;工业污染指标分解结果显示,国家三大区域发展战略对城市二氧化硫排放量的降低效应最为明显,工业废水次之,工业烟尘不显著;“一带一路”的工业污染物排放效应同国家三大区域发展战略整体保持一致,京津冀协同发展战略仅对控制二氧化硫排放显著,而长江经济带发展战略对改善各类污染物的排放状况均有待提高.

剖析了地方政府之间“为增长而竞争”与“为创新而竞争”对地方政府官员晋升的影响机理,并基于2000-2014年中国省级地方政府省长与省委书记的相关数据,采用面板Probit模型,实证考察了“为增长而竞争”与“为创新而竞争”对省级地方政府主要官员政治晋升的影响效应.研究发现,考察期内,各地方政府之间“为增长而竞争”对官员政治晋升的影响效应是不显著的,而“为创新而竞争”则能够显著促进官员的政治晋升,且这种促进作用具有一定的阶段性特征.

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">文章通过理论分析,探讨了高铁开通影响区域创新活动以及区域创新差距的内在机制,进而以是否开通高铁为"准自然实验",采用2004年-2015年中国287个地级市的数据,实证分析了高铁开通对区域创新及其差距的影响效应。研究发现,考察期内,高铁开通显著提升了区域创新水平,其机制主要在于高铁开通后所引发的创新要素流动效应;高铁开通能够对区域创新差距产生重要影响:即相对于未开通高铁的城市来说,开通高铁城市的创新能力和创新速度持续提升,这能够进一步拉大区域之间的创新差距;且高铁开通在促进区域创新过程中也存在着显著的时间动态效应。分地区估计结果显示,高铁开通能够促进东部地区城市创新活动的开展,也拉大了其内在的创新差距;而由于高铁开通所引发的人才流失,高铁开通对中部和西部地区创新活动及其差距的影响效应不显著。文章研究结论可能为优化中国区域创新格局、促进创新型国家建设提供启示。</span>

财政分权体制下的地方政府面临着促进本地区经济增长和提升环境公共品质量的双重责任,因而实现经济增长和环境治理"共赢"局面的绿色经济增长成为高质量发展背景下地方政府工作的重要内容之一.本文基于绿色经济增长的视角,采用动态空间面板杜宾模型实证分析了市场分割对经济高质量发展的影响.研究结果发现,无论是在短期还是长期中,市场分割影响绿色全要素生产率的直接效应、间接效应和总效应均显著为负,说明地方政府的保护主义行为以及由此所引发的市场分割在抑制区域经济增长过程中也显著加剧了环境污染,从而也直接抑制了绿色经济增长.基于效率改善和技术进步两个方面的传导机制检验结果显示,市场分割影响效率改善效应的直接效应、间接效应和总效应在短期和长期中显著为负,说明地方政府之间的地方保护主义行为和市场分割策略显著地抑制了效率改善效应的发挥;就技术进步效应来说,无论是在短期还是长期中,市场分割的影响系数亦均显著为负,说明市场分割阻碍了各类清洁技术和先进生产工艺的发明,也抑制了技术进步效应的发挥.研究结论为提高经济发展质量、促进绿色经济增长、优化地方政府之间的关系提供有益启示,各级政府要建立支持企业绿色技术创新的外部环境和政策体系.

The previous literature which studies the relationship between High-speed Rail and regional economic growth has ignored the impact of High-speed Rail on the regional economic disparities and the phenomenon of factor flow among regions. By analyzing the empirical facts of China's regional economic: growth pattern in the context of High-speed Rail, and from the perspective of factor flow, this paper elaborates on the impact mechanism of High-speed Rail on regional economic disparities in detail. Meanwhile, this paper studies the impact of High-speed Rail on regional economic growth disparities through a qusai-natural experiment of whether the High-speed Rail shall be developed and based on the data of China's 287 cities during 2004―2014 period. According to the study, we found that High-speed Rail has a significant positive effect on the regional economic disparities through the flow of factors, that is to say, the opening of the High-speed Rail can widen the regional economic gap and produce polarization effect. Besides, the opening of High-speed Rail significantly expands the provincial capitals' economic disparity, but the effect on the non-provincial capitals is not significant. At last, the impact of the High-speed Rail on the regional economic disparities is characterized by a significant time effect, and the polarization effect has shown a trend of increasing and then decreasing.

设立开发区是各级政府拉动地方经济增长、促进要素区域集聚的重要战略举措.然而,开发区设立与微观企业成长的关系及其作用机制,现有研究往往语焉不详.本文旨在通过开发区设立的准自然实验,评估该政策与企业规模成长的因果联系.本文使用2000-2011年中国工业企业数据库,采用倾向得分匹配基础上的“渐进式”双重差分(PSM-DID)进行实证检验.结果表明:总体上,开发区设立促进了企业规模成长;进一步研究发现,开发区设立对企业规模变化的影响与开发区级别、企业生命周期和行业要素密集度的异质性有关,即国家级开发区能促进所有阶段企业、所有行业企业的规模成长;省级开发区能促进初创期、成长期企业和劳动密集型、技术密集型行业企业的规模成长;而且国家级开发区的影响程度优于省级开发区,但市级及以下开发区的影响并不显著.本文不但分析了开发区设立对企业成长的平均影响效应和异质性差异,而且通过引入中介效应模型进行影响机制检验,发现“政策效应”和“集聚效应”是开发区影响企业成长的重要传导机制.本文的研究结论有助于深化对开发区经济效果、微观企业成长动因的解读,也为各级政府进一步借助开发区政策推动实体经济增长、促进区域产业集聚提供了参考依据.

研发和广告是企业的两项主要投资活动,也是企业的两种市场策略.文章以沪深两市计算机、通信及其他电子设备制造业上市公司为研究对象,系统考察了研发投入、广告支出与企业盈利能力间的关系,以及这些关系在不同市场化进程地区中的差异性研究发现:研发投入与企业盈利能力显著正相关,这表明增加研发投入对企业盈利能力具有积极的影响,有助于提升企业的盈利水平;企业广告支出不仅对其盈利能力具有直接的积极影响,而且还对研发投入与企业盈利能力间关系具有显著的正向调爷作用,这表明作为企业两种市场策略的研发与广告之间存在明显的“互补协同效应”,并非是一种“竞争性挤出效应”;企业所在区域市场化水平越高,研发投入和广告支出两者分别对企业盈利能力的影响越明显,广告支出对研发投入与企业盈利能力两者关系的调节作用也越强.

当前金融行业竞争日益激烈,金融业务日趋繁多,金融软件产品的研发团队规模不断扩大,管理复杂性也随之增加.为提高新形势下软件产品的研发效率和质量,亟需提升研发团队的协作效能,有效整合各类技术资产并且加强与合作方的融合共建.为此,中国工商银行软件开发中心(以下简称"工行软开")进行了深入的探索和研究,形成了社区化开发模式并在实践中取得了较好的效果.