目的 了解本地区胃息肉的发病趋势及发病特点,比较不同类型胃息肉的发病影响因素,为胃息肉的防治提供理论依据.方法 回顾性分析2015年9月—2020年8月青岛大学附属医院收治的3204例胃息肉病人的临床及内镜病理资料,于2019—2020年随机选取有或无胃息肉的210例病人进行焦虑量表现况问卷调查.结果 5年间在青岛大学附属医院消化内科住院并行胃镜检查的病人15844例,检出胃息肉3204例,检出率为20.22％,其中男性1025例,女性2179例.5年间胃息肉检出率逐年升高,胃底腺息肉所占比例呈逐年上升趋势,腺瘤性息肉、增生性息肉、炎性息肉所占比例呈逐年下降趋势,胃底部息肉所占比例呈逐年上升趋势,胃窦部息肉所占比例呈逐年下降趋势(χ2=52.181、68.824,P<0.01).胃息肉的病理类型与病人的性别、年龄,胃息肉的大小、数目、发生部位,病人幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染情况、胃黏膜萎缩及肠上皮化生的发生和严重程度有关.焦虑状态在胃息肉与非胃息肉病人中差异明显,是胃息肉发病的独立危险因素(OR=5.233,P<0.01).结论 胃息肉是上消化道的常见疾病,检出率逐年升高.青岛地区人群最常见的胃息肉类型是胃底腺息肉和增生性息肉,过去5年间增生性息肉占比明显下降,胃底腺息肉占比明显上升,提示对于质子泵抑制剂的长期应用以及Hp感染根除治疗方案的选择应更加谨慎.该病治疗需结合胃息肉病理类型及临床发病特点制定个体化诊疗方案.

针对日益严峻的环境污染问题,生物基聚乳酸(PLA)材料开发成为解决当前环境污染问题的有效途径之一.借助静电纺丝技术,通过改变碳纳米管(CNTs)添加量,制备聚乳酸/碳纳米管(PLA/CNTs)纤维过滤膜,并对其形貌、聚集态结构、亲疏水性、过滤性能等进行研究.结果表明:PLA/CNTs纤维粗细较均匀、表面光滑,且纤维直径随CNTs含量的增加逐渐增大.当纺丝液中CNTs质量分数从0.05％增加到0.85％时,纤维过滤膜应力呈现先增大后减小的趋势,接触角从130.4°下降到122.2°,纤维过滤膜仍表现出疏水特性.同时,PLA/CNTs纤维过滤膜对油性介质过滤效率明显优于盐性介质过滤效率,且对二者的过滤效率均超过90％,可以快速实现油水分离.可为PLA/CNTs纤维过滤膜在空气过滤、油水分离领域应用提供实验数据.

The clinical treatment of chronic wounds caused by different pathophysiological ulcers like diabetic ulcers still remains a bottleneck. Although numerous approaches have been designed and developed, their therapeutic effects cannot meet the medical needs due to the complicated pathological microenvironment and restricted regenerative capacity of hard-healing chronic wounds. In this study, novel bi-layered and multifunctional dressing patches constructed with one layer of electrospun methacrylated gelatin (MeGel)/poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) radially-oriented nanofiber mats (RNMs) and one layer of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge-Radix Puerariae herbal compound (SRHC)-loaded MeGel hydrogel were designed to promote the closure and healing of diabetic wounds. An innovative electrospinning method was firstly designed and implemented to generate MeGel/PLLA RNMs, which were demonstrated to be a more appropriate nanofiber pattern for effectively guiding migration and promoting proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) compared with the conventional electrospun MeGel/PLLA haphazardly-oriented nanofiber mats (HNMs) and MeGel/PLLA uniaxially-oriented nanofiber mats (UNMs). Importantly, the in vivo mice acute full-thickness defect models also confirmed that MeGel/PLLA RNMs could significantly promote the cell migration and accelerate the healing rate throughout providing the cell recruitment and regulation abilities in comparison with MeGel/PLLA HNMs and UNMs. The MeGel hydrogel precursors loaded with different concentrations of SRHC were employed to generate the hydrogel layers on the MeGel/PLLA RNMs, and therefore a series of bi-layered wound dressing patches with integrated multifunctional properties were fabricated. All the bi-layered wound dressing patches with or without SRHC showed excellent hemostatic performances. The bi-layered dressing patches containing SRHC exhibited great antibacterial property to both E. coli and S. aureus, and also high cell survival rate to HDFs. For the in vivo full-thickness diabetic wound healing test, the bi-layered dressing patches without SRHC exhibited a faster wound healing rate compared with the medical gauzes. Furthermore, the 10% SRHC loaded bi-layered dressing patches significantly accelerated the high-quality regeneration and healing of diabetic wounds by effectively reducing the inflammation, promoting the vascularization, and facilitating the regeneration of hair follicles. Specifically, the 10% SRHC loaded bi-layered dressing patches presented a high healing area of 97.4 & PLUSMN; 2.8% at day 18 after surgery. Our present study demonstrated that the SRHC contained bi-layered dressing patches show great potential for the treatment of hard-healing diabetic wounds.

[目的]研究天冬氨酸氨基转移酶/血小板比值指数(APRI)和基于4因子的肝纤维化指数(FIB-4)对判断自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)患者肝纤维化程度的意义,为AIH肝纤维化的早期诊断提供依据.[方法]选取就诊于青岛大学附属医院行肝穿刺活检并诊断为AIH的患者51例,根据肝穿刺病理结果分为F0～F4期共5组,收集研究对象的一般资料、血小板计数(PLT)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)等指标,计算APRI、FIB-4.绘制并分析APRI、FIB-4诊断轻度纤维化(≥F1)、显著纤维化(≥F2)、进展期纤维化(≥F3)的受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线).[结果]APRI、FIB-4对≥F1缺乏敏感性和特异性;对≥F2的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.688、0.809,敏感性分别为58.3％、75.0％,特异性均为74.1％;对≥F3的AUC分别为0.753、0.865,敏感性分别为64.3％、78.6％,特异性分别为81.1％、89.2％.[结论]APRI、FIB-4对≥F1无明确的诊断价值,而对于≥F2及≥F3均有诊断价值,其中FIB-4的诊断效能优于APRI,且二者对于进展期纤维化的诊断效能更高.

To apply the super capacitor better in daily life, this paper studies and analyzes the characteristic of the super capacitor during the charging process, builds the platform of the charge and discharge test of the super capacitor based on PCI-1711 of Yan Hua and the King View, displays and records the voltage value during the charging process, constructs the first order equivalent circuit model of the super capacitor, identifies the parameter of the first order mathematical model of the super capacitor in Matlab based on the theory of Recursive Least Squares, confirms the feasibility and accuracy of the mathematical model by the test data.The results show that the parameter identified by the Recursive Least Squares is accurate and this algorithm can identify the parameter of the equivalent circuit model of the super capacitor.The model is of high accuracy in simulation and it can represent the electrical characteristics of the super capacitor.The algorithm of Recursive Least Squares can be a useful means to identify the parameter of the model on-line.This study has certain reference significance for the application of the super capacitor in practice.

无论是上个世纪末还是本世纪开端，恐怖主义都是令各国政府头疼不已的政治毒瘤，消灭恐怖主义并非一日之功，需要的是深究根源，斩草除根。

Objective To discuss some key issues on humanity spirit in today's medical education. Methods Aiming directly at the problems of humanity-spirit defects existed in today's medical education,the connotation of it was studied,the main defects listed,and the way of constructing humanism introduced. Results The essentiality of constructing humanity spirit in medical education is to develop high-quality medical professionals.The main defects reflect in thoughts of teaching,teaching meterial,knowledge structure of staff,and the humanity environment.Improving thoughts and modes of teaching,developing staff's humanity background and related management system are conducive to realization of the construction of humanity spirit. Conclusion It is a must to build humanities in modern medical education,the way and method can be found based on correction problems existed and innovation.

Objective: To explore the impact of polyethylene glycol-20000 (PEG-20000) on carring drug ability of cytarabine (Ara-C) liposome. Methods: Cytarabine liposome was made by reverse evaporating method from egg yolk lecithin, the surface of cytara-bine liposome was coated and modified with different concentrations of PEG-20000. The carring drug ability of PEG-20000 modified Ara-C liposomes was evaluated by means of measurement of encapsulation efficiencies, mean size diameters and leakage rates of drug. Results: Experimental results confirmed that all PEG-20000 modified Ara-C liposomes showed higher encapsulation efficiencies, the larger mean diameters and lower leakage rates. The highest encapsulation efficiency (22.34 ±2.47) %and the largest mean diameter (5.99μm) could be attained at ρ(PEG) = 2.0 g/L. The slowest release of encapsulated Ara-C was achieved at ρ(PEG) = 4.0 g/L. Con-clusion: Cytarabine liposome coated with PEG-20000 can enhance its carring drug ability.

Compared with cultivated black soybeans and vitamin C, the scavenging activity on free radical and total antioxidant capacity of pigment extracts from black seed coats of wild soybean were determined by the DPPH and FRAP methods, respectively. The results showed that the antioxidant activity of pigment extracts from black seed coats of three ecological types of wild soybean were stronger than the three cultivated black soybeans. Their scavenging activity on free radical was equivalent to 30.48 %, 40.80 %, 44.81 % of vitamin C. And the total antioxidant capacity was equivalent to 27.65 % , 29.45 %, 30.12% of vitamin C.

Objective:This study was designed to investigate inhibitive effect of Stigmasterol from Hedyotis diffusa willd.(SHD) on human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721,BEL-7402 in vitro,its antitumor effect on transplanted H22 tumor cells in vivo and its influ- ence on the tumor cell's multiplication cycle,apoptosis.Methods:The cultured SMMC-7721 and BEL-7402 cells were treated with dif- ferent concentrations of SHD.The proliferation of the cells was measured by MTT assay.The growth of transplanted H22 tumor in mice, the changes of its multiplication cycle and apoptosis were investigated.Results:The proliferation of SMMC-7721,BEL-7402 cells in vit- ro was inhibited by SHD.In H22 mice,transplanted tumor was suppressed,the proportion of G0-G1 cells was increased,G2/M cells were reduced,the tumor cell's apoptosis was induced.Conclusion:Hepatoma cells can he inhibited by SHD both in vivo and in vitro.The ef- fects are related with blocking tumor cell multiplication cycle,inducing its apoptosis.

Objective:To explore the inhibitory effect of Stigmasterol from Hedyotis diffusa willd.(SHD)on target gene regulation of human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721 in vitro by using gene chip technology.Methods:The cultured SMMC- 7721 cells were treated with different concentrations of SHD.The total RNA was extracted from normal human hepatic cells, SMMC-7721 cells and SHD-treated SMMC-7721 cells,and synthesized into double strand cDNA templates.Transcription of cRNA probe with biotin labeling was performed,and then the obtained cDNA was hybridized with human HO4 gene profile.Cy3 dye was detected with Scan array 5000,and the image information was converted into numeric data.Clusting analysis was performed with IMAGENE IV software.Results:The proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells in vitro was inhibited by SHD with dose and time-dependence.SHD down-regulated the expression of oncogenes,such as los,myc,ras,pim-1,met,rel,to norrnal level;it up-regulated anti-oncogenes,such as NF-2 and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6,to normal condition.Conclusion: Hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721 can be inhibited by SHD in vitro.The inhibitory effect induced by SHD relates with various oncogenes and anti-oncogenes.

AIM: To investigate the target gene regulation during the inhibition of human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721 induced by favonoids from Hedyotis diffusa willd. (FHD). METHODS: The total RNA was extracted from normal human hepatic cells, SMMC-7721 cells and FHD-treated SMMC-7721 cells, and synthesized into double strand cDNA templates. Transcription of cRNA probe with biotin labeling was performed, and then the obtained cDNA was hybridized with human HO4 gene profile. Cy3 dye was detected with Scan array 5000, and the image information was converted into numeric data. Clusting analysis was performed with IMAGNE IV software. RESULTS: Twenty target genes were found to be involved in the FHD-induced inhibition of human hepatoma cells. After FHD treatment, these genes were either up-regulated or down-regulated. Among these genes, oncogenes such as pim-1 (Hs.81170), rel (Hs.858), ras (Hs.204354), fos (Hs.25647), myc (Hs.79070), met (Hs.285754) and Bcl-2-related protein Al (Hs.227817) were down-regulated; some genes related with cell signal transduction during tumor developing process, such as fibroblast growth factor 2 (Hs.284244), insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (Hs.239176), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 4 (Hs.1516), G protein-coupled receptor (Hs.23016), protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA (Hs.227777), transcription factor 12 (Hs.21704), transcription factor CP2 (Hs.154970), were down-regulated; cytokine interleukin-1 (Hs.1722) was also down-regulated; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 (Hs.118825) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 12 (Hs.211601), the members of MAPK signal transduction pathway, were up-regulated; NF-2 (Hs.902), the anti-oncogene was up-regulated; the genes which encode the T-cell activation co-stimulatory signal molecules such as TNFSF9 (Hs.1524) and TNFSF7 (Hs.99899) were also up-regulated. All the above genes were closely related with the occurrence and development of hepatoma. CONCLUSION: FHD inhibits SMMC-7721 cells by co-regulation of various genes, which are involved in the intracellular and extracellular signal transduction pathways.

Objective:To study the pharmacokinetic profile and relative bioavailability of ketoprofen sustained release tablet in healthy volunteers.Methods:A single oral dose of test ketoprofen sustained release tablets and conventional ketoprofen tablets were given to 24 healthy male volunteers according to an open randomized two way crossover design.Ketoprofen concentra- tions in plasma were determined by HPLC method.The data were analyzed by 3p97 program.Results:The main pharmacoki- nedc parameters after a single oral dose of test tablets and conventional tablets were as follows:AUC_((?))was 38.94±9.15μg·h·ml~(-1) and 38.04±6.90μg·h·ml~(-1),AUC_(0→∞)was 44.50±8.09μ·h·ml~(-1)and 42.99±8.36μg·h·ml~(-1),Tmax was 3.87±0.55h and 1.96±0.60 h,Cmax was 5.78±1.11μg·ml~(-1)and 11.62±2.10μg·ml~(-1),t_(1/2)Ke)was 5.88±1.16h and 1.70±1.40h,respectively.Conclusion:The two preparations of ketoprofen are of bioequivalence by analysis of variance.

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of favonoids from Hedyotis diffusa willd, (FHD) on human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721 and BEL-7402 in vitro, the antitumor effect on transplanted H22 tumor cells in vivo and its influence on the proliferation cycle, apoptosis of tumor cells and immune circumstances. METHODS: MTT assay was used to measure the inhibition of SMMC-7721 and BEL-7402 cells exposing to 0, 5, 10, 50 and 100 mg/L FHD for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Sixty Kunming mice were randomly and averagely divided into 6 groups. Except those in normal control group, the other mice received inoculation of H22 tumor cells, and then treated with normal saline, 5-fluorouracil (30 mg/kg), and FHD (25, 50, 100 mg/kg), respectively, for 10 days. The following indicators were compared among the 6 groups, including the inhibitory rates of tumor weights, the distribution of H22 cell cycle, the apoptosis of H22 cells, the thymus index (×10^(-3)) and splenic index (×10^(-3)) in mice bearing H22 tumors, the splenic lymphocyte transformation efficiency, and the serum levels (ng/L) of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). RESULTS: FHD inhibited the proliferation of SMMC-7721 and BEL-7402 cells in vitro in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In comparison with those in the model control mice, when FHD was used at the concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, the growth of H22 tumors was obviously restrained (P＜0.01); the proportion of G0/G1-phase cells was increased (30.36%±5.72%, 32.83%±6.67%, 39.67%±8.01% vs 25.62%±4.36%, P＜0.05 or P＜0.01), while that of G2/M-phase cells was decreased (7.65%±2.32%, 6.33%±3.43%, 2.22%±0.98% vs 11.13%±2.77%, P＜0.05 or P＜0.01); the apoptosis of tumor cells was significantly promoted (2.41%±0.42%, 2.22%±0.33%, 2.07%±0.40% vs 1.47%±0.66%, P＜0.01); the splenic index was down-regulated (51.43±8.31, 47.43±7.89, 48.64±9.35 vs 67.63±7.44, P＜0.01), but the thymus index (33.36±4.09, 40.35±5.79, 34.57±6.56 vs 22.43±4.52, P＜0.01), the splenic lymphocyte transformation rate (10.83%±3.75%, 11.33%±5.04%, 13.58%±4.62% vs 9.35%±2.02%, P＜0.05), and the serum levels of TNF-α (257.56±42.29, 386.36±25.97, 364.52±23.62 vs 101.43±24.72, P＜0.01) and IFN-γ (355.83±35.74, 392.31±25.17, 357.38±34.82 vs 172.35±29.02, P＜0.01) were markedly elevated. CONCLUSION: FHD has inhibitory effect on hepatoma cells both in vivo and in vitro, which is related to the blocking of tumor cell proliferation cycle, promotion of tumor cell apoptosis and regulation of immune circumstances.

以自然生长在盐碱地上的野大豆(Glycine soja)和不耐盐的栽培大豆(G.max)为材料,测定了它们在不同盐度条件下叶片、根部和种子的异黄酮含量,并测定了它们叶片的L-苯丙氨酸含量和苯丙氨酸裂解酶(PAL)活性,还测定了它们根部的结瘤量和固氮酶活性.通过两者比较,分析了它们的大豆异黄酮代谢和盐渍环境的关系.结果表明:盐渍处理不抑制盐生野大豆PAL酶的活性,其大豆异黄酮大量积累;相反,盐渍处理明显抑制栽培大豆PAL酶活性,其大豆异黄酮含量减少,而大豆异黄酮合成前体L-苯丙氨酸积累.结果还显示:在盐渍条件下,盐生野大豆根部异黄酮积累的同时,其根瘤结瘤量较多,且固氮酶活性也较高;而栽培大豆随着其根部异黄酮的减少,其根瘤结瘤量大大减少,且固氮活性大大下降.野大豆和栽培大豆的这些差别说明:盐生野大豆积累大豆异黄酮有其生态学意义,这很可能是野大豆通过异黄酮次生代谢途径适应盐渍环境的一种重要机制.

Objective:To increase the pharmaceutical level of Penyanjing capsule by decreasing the dosage of adjuvant in its preparation.Methods:Different granulation techniques were compared to select out the zero angle,bulk density and critical relative hu- midity of granules made by selected granulation technique;then the capsule type was chosen and the required percentage of adjuvant was calculated.Results:The dry granulation method was good;and the zero angle was 33.24°,and the bulk density was 0.834g/ml,and the critical relative humidity was 48%;type 0 capsule was selected;the required percentage of adjuvant was 7.27%.Conclusion:The pharma- ceutical technique of Penyanjing capsule decreased the dosage of adjuvant and increased its technique standard.

变形链球菌是目前公认的、最重要的一种致龋菌,早期鉴定人群口腔中的变形链球菌对于龋病活性检测和早期预防有着重要意义[1].变形链球菌的常规检测方法很多,但均操作复杂,检测周期长,且特异性和敏感性不高.近年来,分子生物学技术在细菌的鉴定和分类学中逐步被采用.

目的:探讨麝香酮对大鼠视网膜神经细胞存活的影响.方法:将麝香酮单独或合并m-NGF加入大鼠视网膜神经细胞混悬液中,于第2、4日行MTT比色,评价麝香酮对大鼠视网膜神经细胞存活的影响.结果:麝香酮对培养2、4天的大鼠视网膜神经细胞的存活无明显影响;在加入定量m-NGF的条件下,麝香酮在0.1875g/L和0.2500g/L的浓度下明显促进培养2天的大鼠视网膜神经细胞的存活,在0.2500g/L的浓度下明显促进培养4天的大鼠视网膜神经细胞的存活.结论:麝香酮无直接促进视网膜神经细胞存活的作用,在与NGF协同增进视网膜神经细胞的存活方面,麝香酮至少是麝香中增强NGF生物效应的最有效成分之一.

目的:探讨天然麝香对大鼠视网膜神经细胞存活的影响.方法:将4组不同浓度的天然麝香加入大鼠视网膜神经细胞混悬液中,于第2、4日行MTT比色以评价天然麝香对大鼠视网膜神经细胞存活的影响;在以上4组天然麝香中加入定量的m-NGF同法评价天然麝香+m-NGF对大鼠视网膜神经细胞存活的影响.结果:天然麝香对培养2、4天的大鼠视网膜神经细胞的存活无明显影响;在加入定量m-NGF的条件下,天然麝香在0.075g/L和0.100g/L的浓度下明显促进了培养2、4天的大鼠视网膜神经细胞的存活(P<0.05).结论:天然麝香无直接促进视网膜神经细胞存活的作用,但与NGF对于增进视网膜神经细胞的存活具有协同作用.

目的:应用1～3日龄SD大鼠视网膜神经细胞,本着尽可能复制视网膜神经细胞体内生存环境的原则,建立了大鼠视网膜神经细胞混合培养模型.