While flexible gas sensors have attracted increasing attention, studies that advance their development toward system-level applications remain very limited. Here, we report a flexible WO3/MoS2 nitrogen dioxide (NO2) sensor. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of WO3 and MoS2, the sensor exhibits a remarkable 364.5 % response to 1 ppm target gas, along with excellent selectivity, stability, and humidity tolerance. Moreover, the device maintains stable sensing performance under repeated bending, confirming its mechanical robustness for wearable applications. To demonstrate practical utility, the sensor was built into an ambient system that provides continuous OLED readout and triggers audible buzzer alarms once the NO2 concentration exceeds user-defined thresholds. This work not only highlights the excellent sensing performance of the WO3/MoS2 heterojunction device but also demonstrates its strong potential for system-level deployment in real-world air quality monitoring and personal exposure warning scenarios.

A series of Cr@Cr2O3 thin films were fabricated by laser processing of chromium films. The effects of varying laser power on the structure, surface morphology, optical properties, and nonlinear performance of the Cr@Cr2O3 film mask blanks were systematically investigated. With increasing laser power, enlarged nanoparticle dimensions and increased surface roughness were observed in the core-shell structures. Additionally, a blueshift in the near-zero permittivity (ENZ) point, widening of the optical bandgap, elevated oxygen vacancy concentration, increased refractive index and extinction coefficient were demonstrated. Open-aperture Z-scan measurements revealed a maximum nonlinear absorption coefficient (beta) of 1.27043 x 10-5 cm/W. Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulations of the electric field distributions before and after laser processing showed excellent agreement with experimental results. These findings highlight exceptional tunability of optical parameters and nonlinear performance, demonstrating significant potential for optical modulation in photomasks and development of nonlinear optical devices.

The solvent-driven soft actuators with response to solvent with visible deformation gained considerable attention for their application in many fields such as VOC monitoring and soft robot. Inspired by the methanol and humidity driven MOF (Metal-Organic framework)/polymer composite actuators based on classic flexible MOFs, two multiple solvents-driven flexible MOF/polymer soft actuators based on an interpenetrated MOF and a pillared-layer MOF (MOF-Cd/PVDF and DUT-8(Ni)/PVDF), have been successfully fabricated. Due to the synergistic effect of PVDF matrix and MOF fillers, both unfixed MOF-Cd/PVDF and DUT-8(Ni)/PVDF asymmetric membranes exhibit a biaxial alternation bending mode which is different from the previous MOF/polymer composite materials. The MOF-Cd/PVDF and DUT-8(Ni)/PVDF asymmetric membranes can respond to the vapor of multiple organic solvents and diluted ammonia, especially relatively fast and large bending deformation to acetone, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine, acrylonitrile and ethylacetate. Specifically, due to its wider aperture distribution range and larger pore size, the MOF-Cd/PVDF can respond to tetrahydrofuran vapor with a quick bending deformation (similar to 3 s) and a maximum folding angle of 91 degrees, and also exhibit a fast recovery (similar to 3 s) at mild conditions. In addition, some simple devices including a multiple solvent-driven quatrefoil, and a tetrahydrofuran/acetone-driven smart box were designed based on above two MOF/polymer asymmetric membranes. This work is the first example of MOF/polymer actuators which apply interpenetrated MOF and involve the synergy between the flexible MOF and the polymer matrix. This work may open up a new application field for MOFs, and also provides a new perspective for the MOFs/polymer smart materials.

In this work, we present a NO2 detection platform based on MoS2/graphene heterostructures. The MoS2/graphene sensor demonstrates a significantly higher response than that of the MoS2 sensor. It also exhibits excellent stability, selectivity, and humidity tolerance. The performance enhancement arises from the synergistic effects of MoS2 and graphene: graphene provides fast charge transport, while the heterojunction promotes charge transfer and gas adsorption. This strategy offers a promising route for designing high-performance gas sensors using 2D nanoscale heterostructures.

Gas sensors integrated with intelligent systems are of great importance for real-time environmental monitoring and personal exposure assessment. In particular, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), a toxic byproduct of combustion and industrial processes, poses severe risks to human health even at trace levels, highlighting the urgent need for sensitive and portable monitoring technologies. Here, we present a tungsten trioxide (WO3)/carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-based flexible sensor coupled with an Integrated Intelligent Sensing System (IISS) capable of on-site NO2 detection, signal processing, and wireless mobile display. The optimized WO3/CNTs sensor exhibits outstanding sensing performance, delivering a high response of 425.1 % toward 1 ppm NO2. Distinctively, by integrating the sensor into the IISS platform, real-time NO2 concentrations can be acquired, processed, and displayed on a mobile device, enabling direct and user-friendly exposure monitoring. These results highlight the novelty of combining a high-performance WO3/CNTs sensor with a miniaturized IISS, offering a practical strategy for intelligent, wearable, and portable gas detection applications.

This article presents a humidity sensor based on a microporous metal-organic framework (MOF) KAUST- 7. A series of sensing-test experiments were performed, and the results demonstrated that the sensor has promising sensing performance with fast response-recovery speed (6/12 s), high linearity ( $R<^>{2} = 0.992$ ), and good stability in a wide relative humidity (RH) range. Most notably, the microporous structure and fluorine clusters play a supporting role in the adsorption-desorption process of water molecules. The humidity sensing mechanism was analyzed by complex impedance spectrum (CIS) and theory calculation. These results indicated that microporous KAUST-7 is a potential candidate for constructing a humidity sensor with high performance.

Photo-reforming methanol into valuable chemicals represents an energetically sustainable alternative to conventional thermal catalysis, yet controlling-specific C-C coupling way still remains elusive. In this work, we report a sulfide-based photocatalytic paradigm, where atomic-level control of nickel species directly dictates reaction selectivity. The glycol (EG) production with a rate of 11.2 mmol & centerdot;gcat-1 & centerdot;h-1, surpassing reported non-precious metal systems, whereas the Ni aggregates drive exclusive formaldehyde formation. The operando spectroscopy and density functional theory reveal dual roles of Ni as electron reservoir and chemical bond breakage inducers, lowering C-H activation barriers while stabilizing & centerdot;CH2OH intermediates for cross-coupling. This interfacial configuration engineering creates an electron highway that couples carrier dissociation with radical recombination kinetics, achieving atom-economic steering of methanol oxidative valorization. The metal dispersion assisting catalysis correlation here provides a design blueprint for selective bond scission and reconstruction in sustainable organic synthesis.

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) emissions have become a pressing worldwide issue due to their detrimental effects on both ecosystem stability and human wellbeing. Addressing this challenge necessitates the development of advanced monitoring technologies capable of precise, real-time detection. In this context, two-dimensional (2D) materials have gained significant attention as promising gas sensing platforms, owing to their unique electronic configurations and exceptional surface reactivities. In this study, 2D GaSe were utilized to fabricate a gas sensor device, which demonstrated exceptional NO2 sensing performance, including a low detection limit of ppb level, a high response of-94.5 % to 2 ppm NO2, and excellent linearity (R2 = 0.9774) across 80 ppb-2 ppm. The sensor also exhibited remarkable long-term stability (30 days), humidity resistance (25-75 % RH), and superior selectivity against interfering gases. These results highlight the potential of 2D GaSe for reliable and sensitive NO2 detection in environmental and industrial applications.

Ultrasound is a powerful tool in materials processing, yet its application in constructing van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures remains under-explored. In this study, MoS(2 )and graphene - two widely studied 2D materials - were successfully assembled into vdW heterostructures via a convenient ultrasound-driven self-assembly approach. The morphology of the heterostructures was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while their structural and compositional features were confirmed through x-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Red-shifted Raman peaks and decreased binding energies in XPS spectra provided strong evidence of successful heterostructure formation. A three-stage assembly mechanism - comprising dispersion, assembly, and adjustment - is proposed, with acoustic cavitation playing a key role in driving the process. This study not only demonstrates the feasibility of synthesizing 2D heterostructures via an ultrasonic route but also lays a foundation for future scalable, energy-efficient fabrication strategies.

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) ceramic coating, characterized by high thermal conductivity and remarkable chemical stability, leading to extensive application in providing electrical insulation within superconducting coils. However, the development of such ceramic insulation coatings to facilitate the preparation of high-performance superconducting magnets is extremely challenging, due to the complex heat treatment process of bismuth system high temperature superconductivity (HTS) wires. A novel strategy for fabricating a porous TiO2 insulation layer with a three-dimensional (3D) reticular architecture based on highly dispersed ceramic slurry has been reported herein. To enhance the structural strength and oxygen permeability of the coating, polyethylene glycol and oligomeric ethyl silicate were introduced as modifiers to construct a grid-like porous framework. The as-prepared insulation coating possesses micron-sized pore and crack structures. The high-temperature stability of the insulation layer and its compatibility with the heat treatment of Ag-sheathed Bi-2223 wire was verified by measuring the effect of coating on the critical current. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) show that this insulation coating with a thickness of approximately 25 mu m can significantly inhibit the diffusion of metal sheath components and Bi. In addition, the TiO2 insulation coating has also been successfully prepared on Bi-2223 tape by a reel-to-reel coating system. The results indicates that the TiO2 insulation coating has great application potential as an insulation material for HTS magnets and provides new insights for the development of effective insulation material for Bi-2212 wires.

IDHA anions with strong chelating capabilities participate in the solvation shell of Zn 2+ and Na + . This interaction between IDHA anions and Na + serves to stabilize the solvated sheath, thereby enhancing the electrostatic shielding effect of Na + .

In order to improve the limited compatibility of existing polymer/ceramic dielectric composites and further enhance the energy storage density, MOF/polymer composite dielectrics have been explored, which exhibit good compatibility to the polymer matrix from abundant organic groups of the inorganic–organic hybrid metal-organic framework (MOF) fillers. However, they still lack a clear composition–structure–property rule, and the precise design of MOF fillers and polymer matrix becomes a prominent problem in these composites due to the diversity of the metal ions and the organic groups. Thus, in this paper, we present a series of formic acid MOFs/polylactic acid dielectric composites in which ferroelectric formic acid MOFs, namely PDLLA/[NH[Formula: see text](CH[Formula: see text])[Formula: see text]NH[Formula: see text]][M[Formula: see text](HCOO)[Formula: see text]][Formula: see text] and PDLLA/[CH[Formula: see text]NH[Formula: see text]][M[Formula: see text](HCOO)[Formula: see text]][Formula: see text], in which the formic acid MOFs are with different structures and different metal ions as fillers, including [NH 3 (CH[Formula: see text]NH 3 ][M II (HCOO) 3 ] 2 (namely MOF–Co (M [Formula: see text] Co), MOF–Mg(M [Formula: see text] Mg), MOF–Mn (M [Formula: see text] Mn), with 1, 4-butanediamine ion as guest) and [CH 3 NH 3 ][M[Formula: see text](HCOO) 3 ] 2 (namely MOF–Co[Formula: see text] (M = Co), MOF–Ni[Formula: see text] (Ni), with methylamine ion as guest). The composition and morphology of composite films were characterized by XRD, IR, SEM, DSC and UV, respectively, while the dielectric characterizations of the composites including the dielectric permittivity, the dielectric loss, the breakdown field strength and the energy density were also performed. The composition–structure–property relationships were also investigated including the influence of MOF content and MOF category. With the introduction of MOFs, the dielectric constant of the polylactic acid substrate was improved slightly while the breakdown field strength can be improved in some systems. Interestingly, the Co(II)-containing formic acid MOF has advantages over other formic acid MOFs with similar structure for the enhancement of the dielectric constant and breakdown field strength. Also, in some composite films with methylamine ion guest MOF fillers and low-MOF content (MOF–Co[Formula: see text] (1 vol.%) and MOF–Ni[Formula: see text] (1 vol.%)), the breakdown electric field enhanced significantly and further led to improved energy storage density which was about 43% higher than that of the polylactic acid matrix. The possible reason is that in these composites, the orientation of C–H bonds of MOFs seems more beneficial to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the carboxyl group of formic acid and the polylactic acid matrix. These relationships obtained from formic acid MOFs/polylactic acid composites are valuable to the design of high-performance polymer/MOF energy storage composites and may be a new perspective to the practical use of ferroelectric MOFs.

In this work, a sensor based on a modified porous aromatic framework (PAF-1-S) was successfully fabricated for humidity detection. The prepared sensor possesses promising sensing performance with balance response/recovery speed (both 18 s), narrow humidity hysteresis (similar to 4%RH), good sensitivity (617 k Omega/%RH), and stability in 11%RH-95%RH. The sensing mechanism was investigated by impedance spectrum (IS), equivalent electrical circuit, and density functional theory, indicating that the structure of PAF-1-S significantly improves the affinity of water molecules. These results show that PAF-1-S has the promising potential for humidity detection and provide a new design strategy for high-performance sensors.

Solvent vapor-driven soft actuators are promising devices for human-environment interaction and have gained considerable attention in recent years. To enhance the interaction with the solvents and deliver a fast response and superior sensitivity, polymer/MOF composites are promising candidates for the fabrication of solvent-driven actuators. This paper presents a multiple-solvent-driven intelligent MOF-polymer soft actuator, namely MIL-88B/PVDF asymmetric film, and compares it to analogs based on other MIL-88(Fe) series flexible MOFs. This comparison investigates the deformation-structure relationship and the solvent-driven mechanism. The deformation of the MIL-88(Fe)/PVDF composite films in response to various organic solvents has been studied, and the structure and composition of the MOF fillers and the composites were characterized by SEM, FT-IR, and XRD. Furthermore, the MIL-88B/PVDF composite, which shows ability to respond to multiple solvents and a fast deformation response to several organic solvents through the solvent swelling/adsorption of the MOF skeleton and the appropriate flexibility and group affinity from the terephthalic acid ligand, was used to fabricate an inverted opal gradient actuator composed of MIL-88B, carbon black (CB) and PVDF, namely MIL-88B/CB/PVDF. The MIL-88B/CB/PVDF film not only realizes excellent dual-responsive deformation and discoloration to methanol vapor with fast visible deformation within 1 s with a maximum crimp angle of up to 558 degrees (10 vol% concentration) and a wide color change range covering six viewing-angle-dependent high-saturation colors (red, orange, yellow, green, blue and purple) but also shows an approximate linear relationship between the maximum curl angle and the solvent concentration for three solvents (methanol, toluene and chloroform). In addition, several smart devices have also been fabricated, including methanol-driven bionic petals, a worm robot, an alertor and a LIG sensor. Therefore, such polymer/MOF soft actuators have great potential in bio-robots and this work provides a new design strategy for smart materials. A multiple-solvent-driven soft actuator based on MIL-88B(Fe)/PVDF asymmetric film exhibits deformation response to methanol, toluene and chloroform.

The memristor holds significant promise as a key electronic element in neuromorphic computing, enabling synaptic functionalities. Consequently, synthesizing memristors with innovative structures holds immense practical value. In this study, we successfully fabricated a novel memristor with an Au/tin selenide (SnSe)/ITO configuration, utilizing a straightforward hydrothermal and sputtering approach. This marks the inaugural instance of such a fabrication technique. We further optimized the memristor ' s performance by minimizing the thickness of the switching layer, ensuring robust memristive behavior even after 80 cycles and 2700 seconds. Additionally, we delved into the four primary conduction mechanisms of the proposed device. This work not only enhances our comprehension of SnSe memristors with unique structures but also lays a foundation for the development of efficient and stable hydrothermal-synthesized memristive devices.

The activation of an Mg acceptor in p-GaN with rapid thermal annealing (RTA) assisted low-temperature supercritical fluid (SCF) treatment (RTA-A-SCF) was investigated. After RTA-A-SCF treatment, the luminescence band of the N vacancy in the PL spectra was significantly suppressed. An evident decrease in H concentration is also observed in secondary ion mass spectrometer measurements, it indicates an obvious decrease of Mg–H complexes in the p-GaN. In addition, the ohmic contacts have been well improved and the hole concentration has increased by an order of magnitude. The activation mechanism of RTA-A-SCF treatment was further analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

目的 探讨皮肤混合瘤(mixed tumor of the skin,MTS)的临床表现、病理特点及治疗、预后.方法 回顾性分析西安交通大学第二附属医院2011年11月—2022年7月经组织病理确诊的74例MTS患者的病史、临床特点、病理特征、治疗效果等资料.结果 74例患者中男45例,女29例,平均发病年龄(44.23±13.74)岁,病程中位数为2(1.0,3.75)年.皮损多位于面部(69例,93.24％),其中以鼻部(14例,18.92％)、口鼻间(17例,22.97％)、面颊部(20例,27.03％)多见,也可见于耳部(3例)、头皮(1例)、背部(1例).皮损表现为大小0.5～3.0 cm孤立、境界清楚、质韧或中等硬度、肤色或红色的结节丘疹,71例(95.95％)皮损表面光滑,3例皮损表面可见顶针状凹陷.17例(22.97％)病例皮损表面可见毛细血管扩张.组织病理:62例混合瘤位于真皮,1例位于皮下脂肪层,11例未见表皮,瘤体位置不明确.54例境界清楚,其中53例有假包膜,20例境界不清.肿瘤由比例不定的上皮及间质成分组成.根据上皮组织成分,63例向顶泌汗腺分化,11例向外泌汗腺分化.17例患者电话随访疗效时失访,其余57例随访2个月～10年9个月无复发.结论 MTS临床较少见,临床易误诊,主要依靠病理学诊断,但其预后较好,多数皮损手术切除后无复发.

目的 用光学比浊法检测血小板聚集率,评估缺血性脑卒中患者二级预防阿司匹林抵抗的疗效.方法 征集脑卒中后阿司匹林治疗者,随机分为基础治疗对照组和基础治疗+三七(3 g/d)治疗组,连续检测血小板聚集率变化,以治疗前、治疗14 d、治疗30 d为时间点采集数据,分析治疗前后血小板聚集率变化差异.结果 两组基础治疗后抗血小板聚集率不达标,血小板聚集率分别为(26.30±3.30)％,(26.20±3.35)％,差异无统计学意义(P=0.590);加用三七治疗14 d,对照组和治疗组血小板聚集率分别为(25.89±2.46)％,(15.12±3.42)％,差异有统计学意义(P=0.042);加用三七治疗30 d,对照组和治疗组血小板聚集率分别为(24.35±2.97)％,(10.30±2.62)％,差异有统计学意义(P=0.025).结论 添加中药三七治疗脑卒中阿司匹林抵抗患者可使血小板聚集率下降,达到抗血小板聚集治疗的标准.

As a new semiconductor material, perovskite（ABY 3 ） has unique crystal structure, adjustable band gap, high carrier mobility and excellent chemical stability, thermal stability and catalytic performance. It shows great development potential in the fields of solar cells, photoelectric detection, industrial catalysis, gas sensing and so on. Based on the analysis of its crystal structure and sensing mechanism, this paper summarizes the research progress of perovskite in the field of gas sensing in recent years, systematically discusses various factors affecting the sensing response, and summarizes the strategies to improve the gas sensing properties of materials. Finally, the challenges of perovskite materials in the field of gas sensing are summarized, and their future development is prospected. Perovskite materials with high efficiency, stability, environmental protection and low energy consumption are the focus of future research, and self-powered sensing chip, multi signal coupling sensing and miniaturized intelligent integration will provide a broader development space for its application.

This study focuses on an innovative approach involving a green and simple one-step hydrothermal method to prepare a new type of chalcogenide material, tin selenide (SnSe), with a two-dimensional layered structure. For the first time, a memristor with an Au/SnSe/ITO structure was successfully fabricated using this method. In direct current (DC) scanning, the forward-forming devices exhibited remarkable stability with consistent memristive performance and durability over 40 cycles. Moreover, these devices demonstrated outstanding retention characteristics, with no decay observed within 1800 seconds. Further, this study also delves into the detailed exploration of the conduction mechanism underlying the high andLRS of the devices. Four distinct conduction mechanisms were identified: Schottky emission, Fowler-Nordheim tunneling effect, Poole Frenkel emission, and space charge limited conduction. These findings contribute to the understanding of the SnSe memristor's behavior and pave the way for further advancements in the development of efficient and stable memristive devices. This study brings forth significant research highlights and innovation in the field of SnSe-based memristors.