目的 简要呈现卫生行政执法权责事项清单内容.方法 运用Excel 2019对卫生执法依据库和卫生行政执法事项清单库结果进行描述性统计分析.结果 卫生行政执法权责事项清单涉及法律依据117部;包括卫生行政执法事项344项,其中行政处罚269项、行政检查58项、行政强制16项、行政征收1项;事项数居前三位的医疗卫生、传染病防治和职业放射卫生三个专业分别为142项、76项和53项.

目的 总结提炼卫生行政执法权责事项清单编制的要素构成与动态调整机制,为卫生法律法规实施和卫生行政执法单位依法履职提供基础支持.方法 通过理论借鉴、专家咨询、对照提炼和实践总结等方法研制卫生行政执法权责事项的构成要素、清单结构、动态调整因素及表现.结果 权责事项清单的编制和确定涉及编制依据、编制原则、编制主体、事项构成要素、清单调整条件和响应机制,以及监督保障等各环节;每项具体权责事项的要素构成包括事项名称、法律依据、所属专业、职能类别、行使主体等内容.

卫生行政执法权责事项清单编制和动态调整机制研究概述包括研究背景、研究目标、研究内容、研究方法、技术路线和主要结果等.研究采用科学归纳法、类别分析法、问卷调查和专家论证等方法,探索卫生行政执法权责事项清单编制和动态调整的依据、原则、内容、要素,以及清单编制和调整的程序等.以上海市为例,编制卫生行政执法事项权责清单,涉及的法律、法规和规章共117部,卫生行政执法权责事项344项.

目的 探索卫生行政执法权责事项清单编制和动态调整程序.方法 根据清单编制厘定依据、原则、框架结构,动态调整的变动因素和具体体现,构建卫生行政执法权责事项清单编制的一般程序和动态调整程序.结果 形成包含"启动清单编制-构建执法依据库-梳理事项依据-拟稿清单事项-确定事项清单-发布事项清单"六个步骤的卫生行政执法权责事项清单编制的一般程序,以及因法律"立改废释"或"执法主体/职能变动"两种情形引起的动态调整程序.

概括介绍2017年云南省卫生监督机构在地区经济、社会发展和卫生服务体系建设发展的背景下所呈现的人财物配置和工作现状.结果 显示:(1)人力上,全省共有卫生监督员1 849名,0.39名/每万常住人口,1.38人/每百管理相对人.(2)经费上,全省卫生监督机构人均投入为19.64万元,整体上收支平衡,略有结余.(3)房屋和设备上,全省卫生监督机构人均房屋面积为83.27m2,每机构拥有执法车辆1.08辆、万元以上设备6.61台.(4)管理相对人方面,2017年共报告有被监督单位134 305个,同比增加3.84％;其中公共场所卫生、医疗卫生和传染病防治被监督单位占比较高.(5)监督执法工作方面,2017年全省卫生监督覆盖率为89.44％,共查处案件5 064件,与2016年同比均有所增加.

目的 了解云南省2017年卫生监督机构查处案件的特点,为改善卫生监督案件查处工作提供参考.方法 利用云南省卫生监督信息报告系统的数据,对云南省卫生监督机构查处案件的个案信息进行统计、汇总和分析.结果 2017年云南省卫生监督机构查处案件共5064件,行政处罚案件5059件,警告3 387件,罚款4489件,罚款金额为11 855 568元.全省案件查处率为3.77％,案件查处效率高的州市共7个.结论 云南省卫生监督机构查处案件数比2016年略有增加,各专业罚款力度不一,监督检查是案件查处的主要来源,州市间案件查处效率不均衡.

目的 了解云南省2017年卫生监督机构监督覆盖率的情况.方法 基于云南省卫生计生监督信息报告系统,收集2017年云南省各类卫生监督管理相对人数量、实际监督检查状况及卫生监督人员数等指标.结果 2017年云南省卫生监督覆盖率为89.44％,各州市的监督覆盖率介于99.86％(保山)—37.89％(丽江)之间;各专业的监督覆盖率介于97.33％(职业病防治)-74.32％(计划生育)之间.结论 2017年云南省卫生监督覆盖率较2016年有所提升,州市间、专业间的监督覆盖率存在较大差异.

目的 了解2017年云南省卫生监督机构查处案件的违法事实使用情况,为预防卫生违法、有效实施卫生监督提供参考.方法 利用云南省卫生监督信息报告系统的数据,对云南省卫生监督机构案件查处的违法事实使用情况进行统计、汇总和分析.结果 2017年云南省共报告卫生监督查处案件5 064件;各专业共有141项可用有效违法事实,实际使用违法事实75项,使用比为53.19％;有6个专业拥有10项以上可用有效违法事实;各专业案件查处的违法事实使用比介于23.53％-100.00％之间.结论 (1)各专业间案件查处的违法事实使用比差距较大;(2)专业内,多个专业案件查处集中于少数几项违法事实,广义“无证”等占比较高;(3)提示应加大案件查处广度和深度,发挥卫生监督的专业技术性.

行政执法责任制是我国依法行政的创新制度,已经深入到包括卫生行政执法在内的各个行政领域.本文通过回顾行政执法责任制的产生与发展,分析了其主要特征及理论基础,论述了该制度的主要内容,并就完善行政执法责任制展开了讨论.

卫生行政执法责任追究是实现依法行政、落实卫生行政执法责任制的重要手段.本文从履职尽责、追责风险防范的角度,对卫生行政执法领域责任追究的法律依据、制度演变和特点等进行梳理,提出了完善相关制度的建议.

目的 了解目前我国卫生监督机构名称使用现状.方法 普查获得全国省级卫生监督机构名称,抽样调查获得样本省的市、县级机构名称.结果 目前全国卫生监督机构名称的区域名均做到了与管辖范围的一致;矢名主要围绕"卫生、计生、监督"有25种类别,其中以"卫生监督、卫生计生监督、卫生计生监督执法"3种居多;格级名则主要有"所、局、队、中心"4种类别.就全国省级机构而言,"监督所"和"监督局"的叫法较多;从省、市、县三级机构名称一致性角度看,机构名称主要呈现"上下一致"、"上下有别"和"上下混用"三种形式.结论 目前我国卫生监督机构名称种类繁多,杂乱无章,亟待出台机构名称命名规范以统一机构名称、整齐监督队伍,为今后的监督执法工作亮出规范且自信的铭牌.

目的 基于理论研究对卫生行政处罚案由的梳理、规范结果进行分析,为卫生行政部门的监督执法工作提供依据.方法 收集卫生法律法规文本,梳理和规范卫生行政处罚案由,运用Excel 2013对结果进行统计分析.结果 从"小卫生观"着手纳入法律法规109部,其中含有处罚条款的83部,从中梳理出804个卫生行政处罚案由;对卫生行政处罚案由进行归并,得到一级案由590个,其中有89个含有共303个次级案由;案由数量最多的是传染病防治、职业卫生和血液安全,分别占28.88%、11.49%和10.56%;"不作为类"案由数量最多,占54.58%;案由字数少于30个字的占92.71%.

基于卫生法制的统一,规范化卫生行政处罚案由库对卫生行政执法具有重要意义.本文以构建"小卫生观"体系下卫生行政处罚案由库为目标,对规范化卫生行政处罚案由库的构建步骤与方法进行探索.经由专家论证并认同,形成了从"文本库—案由池—案由库"的规范化步骤.完成了从确立卫生法律法规文本库,到逐一梳理出卫生行政处罚条款、形成案由池,直至依据案由归并规则,最终构建成含590个一级案由的规范化卫生行政处罚案由库.

目的 总结提炼卫生行政处罚个案案由名称的拟定规则,为整个规范化案由库的构建提供基础支持.方法 通过理论借鉴、对照提炼和实践总结等方法确立拟定规则.结果 卫生行政处罚案由名称的结构表达分"作为"与"不作为"两类,每类分"行为"和"行为+结果"两种形式,共两类4种;案由名称表达要素的概括规则包括调整语句顺序概括、省略相关成分概括、使用上位概念概括、使用包括概念概括和使用术语概括等五大规则及若干细则.

Objective To understand the usage of causes of action in public health administrative punishment cases of Shanghai in 2013 and provide suggestions. Method Data were collected from health supervision integrative application platform of Shanghai and analyzed by Excel 2007. Results The percentage of using causes of action of public health admin?istrative penalty was 46.05%, the percentage of using causes of action of public places, drinking water sanitation, disinfec?tion hygiene, radiation health, school health, infectious disease control were 71.43%、70.00%、66.67%、47.83%、33.33%and 31.34%respectively;the cumulative frequency of the top four causes of action in public places was 86.34%, the top three in drinking water sanitation was 91.54%,the top five in disinfection hygiene was 90.36%, the top five in radiation health was 80.12%, the top three in infectious disease control was 61.46%.Conclusions The using ratio of causes of action among professional lines of public health in 2013 was different, each professional line were not balanced and focus on small part.

Objective To understand the features of health administrative punishment cases in Shanghai from 2009 to 2013 and provide the suggestions. Method Our data were collected from health supervision integrative application platform of Shanghai and analyzed by Microsoft Excel 2007 Software. Results The number of the cases was totally 51 249 within five years, which came from supervision accounted for 92.23%,complaint or report accounted for 5.31%, especially the medical practice cases that came from social report accounted for 18.71%;multiple causes of action cases was 7.7%of all, 9.53%of public health cases, only 0.73%of medical practice cases;the cases that given warning, penalty, warning and fine were 32.86%,33.13%and 33.71%respectively of public health cases, 25.45%,63.15%and 2.17%respectively of medical licensed cases, the penalty amount were respectively ￥37 301 601 and￥37 018 310, the average penalty amount were￥1 341 and￥5 110,summary procedure cases accounted for 24.51%of public health cases and medical licensing only 3.75%,the hearing cases were 75 and 29 respectively. Conclusions Supervision was the main source of the cases, com?plaint or report was important source of medical practice cases compared with public health cases;multiple causes of action cases focus on public health cases;the proportion of summary procedure cases of public health cases was higher, the aver?age penalty account lower than medical practice cases.

Objective To know the features of medical practice administrative penalty cases in Shanghai from 2009 to 2013 and provide suggestions. Method Our data were collected from health supervision integrative application platform of Shanghai and analyzed by Microsoft Excel 2007 Software. Results During the 5 years, the number of medical practicing ad?ministrative punishment cases is 9799, cases from the supervision and inspection and complaint or reporting accounted for 78.70%and 18.71%respectively, complaints cases increased from 195 to 444 from 2009 to 2013;Brief of a case and brief cases accounted for 99.27% and 0.73% respectively; General procedure and summary procedure cases accounted for 96.25% and 3.75% respectively; Cases given warnings, fines and warnings + fines accounted for 25.45%, 63.15% and 3.17%;Medical practicing fine cases averaged 5110 yuan, maximum fines and minimum fines are 376134 yuan and 50 yu?an respectively. Conclusions Supervision and inspection is the main source of medical practice administrative penalty cases, the number of cases reported from the community has increased year by year;Cases are mainly composed of Brief of a case and general procedures;Penalty types are given priority to with fines and warning.

Objective To understand the features of public health administrative penalty cases in Shanghai from 2009 to 2013 and provide the suggestions. Method Our data were collected from health supervision integrative application plat?form of Shanghai and analyzed by Microsoft Excel 2007 Software. Results The number of public health punishment cases was totally 41450 within five years, decreased from 9029 in 2009 to 7640 in 2013;the cases from supervision and monitor?ing report accounted for 95.42%and 2.35%respectively;single cause of action and multiple cause of action cases account?ed for 90.65%and 9.35%respectively;summary and general procedure of cases accounted for 24.51%and 75.49%respec?tively;Warning, fine,warning and fine cases accounted for 32.86%, 33.13%and 33.71%respectively and the average fine was￥1341, the minimum fine was￥10 and the maximum fine was￥150000. Conclusions Public health administrative penalty cases showed a trend of decline, supervision and inspection was the main source, punishment cases was given prior?ity to single cause and general procedure, warning and fine was the main method of punishment case.

Objective To understand usage and characteristic of the cause of action of medical practice of administra?tive punishment in 2013 and provide a reference basis for improving health administrative penalty work. Methods To col?lect and organize the health administrative penalty cases data from the Shanghai health supervision integrated application platform of 2013, using Excel 2007 to analyze. Results The usage rate of available medical practice of administrative pun?ishment cause of action in 2013 was 30.33%, of which the highest usage rate of cause of action of professional was medical institutions (64.71%), followed by the maternal and infant health care professional (44.14%), and the lowest was blood health professional (2.13%);The usage rate more than 10%of the cause of action of medical institutions of administrative punishment cases is one kind with 62.00%;There are two kinds both in Medical staff and maternal and infant health care , which are 55.00%, 24.05%and 47.06%, 43.14%. Cause of action actually use in malpractice and blood health is both one kind. Conclusion Overall the use of the ratio of medical practice of administrative punishment cases available in 2013 was not high and the ratio of cause of action in each major existed imbalance.

This paper will introduce the background, purpose, content, methods and material source of the project which is called“Investigation and Analysis of Health Inspection Industry’s Situation in China”. The principle of“Struc?ture-Process-Outcome”and Macro Model of Health System were used in this research to show the situation of health in?spection industry, to evaluate the development of the health inspection system, to analyze the issues and challenges, and to give some suggestions. 611 health inspection institutions from 31 provinces, 142 cities and 438 counties were surveyed by questionnaires. 94 principals from health inspection institutions and health bureaus in 7 provinces were interviewed. This project mainly concerned about allocation of resources, implementation and adjustment of the functions, building of capaci?ties, utilization of technical support services, collaborative management and social evaluation in health inspection industry.