田间试验条件下,以NC55品种为材料,研究了化肥与豆饼配施对烤烟中性致香成分含量、感官质量及烟叶产量与产值的影响.结果表明,烟叶中性致香成分总量、新植二烯含量均随豆饼配施比例增加先增加后降低,以配施比例为50％的处理最高.除新植二烯外的香气物质含量以豆饼配施比例为100％的处理最高,50％的处理最低;其中类胡萝卜素含量随豆饼配施比例增加而增加,苯丙氨酸类、棕色化产物类和类西柏烷类香气物质含量均以豆饼配施比例为50％与100％的处理较高.配施豆饼提高了烟叶产量和产值,分别以配施比例为50％与75％的处理最高;肥料成本随豆饼配施比例增加急剧增加,去除肥料成本后的收入以配施比例为50％的处理最高.综合考虑烟叶质量、产值,山东烤烟生产中适宜的豆饼配施比例为50％(以纯氮计).

[方法]采用叶片浸渍法和玻管药膜法测定阿维菌素和噻虫胺对烟蚜、烟粉虱的毒力及联合毒力,并加工成悬浮剂进行了田间试验.[结果]阿维菌素对烟蚜、烟粉虱的LC50值分别为1.014、0.317 mg/L,噻虫胺对烟蚜、烟粉虱的LC50值分别为2.191、4.212 mg/L;阿维菌素和噻虫胺按质量比1∶8混配对烟蚜的共毒系数为128.44,增效作用明显;按质量比1∶4混配对烟粉虱的共毒系数为171.34,增效作用显著.18％阿维菌素·噻虫胺悬浮剂150 mg/L质量浓度药后3、7、14d对烟蚜防效分别为90.6％、84.9％和79.4％,对烟粉虱防效分别为94.2％、90.6％和74.8％,显示了很好的速效性和持效性.[结论]阿维菌素和噻虫胺混配是防治烟蚜、烟粉虱的较好药剂.

Taking tobacco cultivar NC55 as material, the effects of combined application of soybean cake fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer on inorganic nitrogen supplication and related enzyme activity in tobacco plant -ing soil were studied .The results indicated that the soil inorganic nitrogen content reached the maximum at 50 th day after tobacco transplanted , and the treatment of 30%soybean cake and 70%inorganic fertilizer had higher content than the others .The soil sucrase , urease and nitrate reductase activity of the treatment of only inorganic fertilizer were always below than other treatments .Combined application of 70% soybean cake and 30%inorganic fertilizer had higher sucrase , urease and nitratase activity than the others in the tobacco grow-ing critical period .

[Objective] The aim was to screen better pesticides for controlling Bemisia tabaci biotype B. [Method] Toxicity and synergistic effect of four different sorts of insecticides and realitive mixed ligands to Bemisia tabaci biotype B were measured with tube residual film methods. [Result] The LC50 of Abamectin was 0. 774 mg / L,the mixture of Abamectin and Pyriproxyfen at the ratio of 1∶ 2 got additive effects with CTC 127. 52. The control effect was 82. 41% when 5. 4% Abamectin·pyriproxyfen EC was used at dose of 300 g / hm2 in 15 days after treatment,significantly higher than 1. 8% Abamectin EC. [Conclusion] The combination of Abamectin and Pyriproxyfen can be used to control Bemisia tabaci biotype B on tobacco effectively.

烟田机械化培土的试验结果表明,适于机械培土的烟田起垄高度为15 cm,机械培土的最佳时期为烟株大团棵时实施1次高培土,培土高度为10 cm,机械培土的烟田氮素营养水平应比常规施肥不培土的667 m2减少1 kg纯氮.

Orientation of Coccinella septempunctata to tobacco plant and prey combination were investigated with Y-tube olfactometer under four insecticides stress,Results showed that un-injured tobacco leaves would not produce plant volatiles attractive to C.septempunctata,but leaves injured by Myzus persicae produced plant volatiles attractive to C.septempunctata.Compared to control,the four insecticides could obviously affect foraging behavior of C.septempunctata.

The orientation of Aphidius gifuensis Ashemed to tobacco and prey combinations affected by insecticides was investigated with Y-tube olfactometer.The results showed that normal tobacco leaves did not produce plant volatiles attractive to A.gifuensis,while after being injured by Myzus persicae,they produced herbivore-induced volatiles attractive to A.gifuensis.Compared to the control,the four tested insecticides obviously affected the foraging behavior of A.gifuensis.20% confidor EC,3% acetaniprid EC and omethoate 40% EC could inhibit,while cypermethrin obviously benefited the searching behavior of A.gifuensis.