《黄帝内经》是中国古代中医典籍的优秀代表,其英译对中医药文化对外传播起重要推动作用.但是目前国内对《黄帝内经》中术语的"一词多义"现象及文化负载词研究还不够深入,缺乏定量定性分析相结合的研究.该研究基于文树德和李照国的《素问》译文,自建了小型语料库,在埃文·佐哈尔的多元系统论视域下先从量化角度对"喘"字进行统计分类,再结合具体案例展开定性分析,探讨了译者翻译策略差异的深层次原因,并总结该理论对中医术语翻译的借鉴意义.

By taking two nursing English micro-lectures of humanities Better Communication Better Care and Public Health and Social Care for example,the paper analyzes specifically the whole process of teaching design such as topic selection,script composition etc.,and then presents detailed technical specifications recommended for audio-visual pre-recording and post-editing of nursing micro-lectures of humanities. It proposes some suggestions and implications for designing and producing nursing micro-lectures of humanities in topic selection,script quality as well as standardized video specifications,in the hope of creating more high-quality digital nursing teaching resources.

在中医药悠久的发展历程中,语言的字、词含义也在不断丰富扩充,为避免词汇系统庞杂,一词多义成为普遍现象.《黄帝内经》是我国现存成书最早的医学经典,其文言简意深,存在较多一词多义现象,也是造成其翻译困难的主要因素之一.《黄帝内经》作为中医学代表性著作,其准确恰当的译文对中医药国际化传播大有裨益.目前,对于《黄帝内经》一词多义翻译的相关研究多集中在对某一字词如何翻译的讨论,较少对这一现象的英译策略进行研究.本文以《黄帝内经》中"经"字为例,以李照国、文树德、吴连胜全译本为基础,对比分析"经"字各义项译文,进而探讨《黄帝内经》一词多义现象英译策略.

文章基于方剂术语英译的现状,提出中医方剂术语的英译原则,即准确传达术语内涵,保留语言形式,保留文化特征,并对《中医基本名词术语中英对照国际标准》中方剂术语英译进行分析,提出中医方剂术语英译策略,即以直译为主,意译为辅,同时配合少量的直译加音译等策略.对中医方剂术语英译原则与策略进行探讨,为中医名词术语英泽标准化工作提供参考.

中医学根植于中国传统文化,具有自身独特的语言特点、文化内涵和认知模式,在“取象比类”的背景下有着大量的隐喻式概念,隐喻在中医药语言中无处不在[1].中医文化是基于隐喻的文化,以《黄帝内经》为代表的中医文献文字优美,文化内涵丰富,哲理性强,隐喻大量存在.对中医隐喻的英译原则和策略进行探讨,有利于加深对中医隐喻的理解,并为中医翻译提供一定的借鉴.

医学英语,作为公共英语的扩展和延伸,是针对医学院校学生开设的专业领域的英语教学.它与中医英语一起,组成了中医药院校专门用途英语(ESP)不可分割的一部分,其目的是让医学生在公共英语的基础上掌握医学领域的英语听说读写译能力[1].随着我国大学英语教学的不断发展和教学改革,越来越多的高等中医药院校意识到医学英语在中医药人才培养过程中的重要性.中医药院校学生不仅需要掌握扎实的中医医学知识,还需要掌握现代医学知识和技能,了解世界最新的医学进展.很多医学教育工作者指出想要培养高素质医学人才,中医药院校必须强化和发展医学英语教学,使医学生能利用英语这一语言工具获取专业信息,拓展专业能力,把握最新医疗进展,进行教学医疗科研等相关活动[2].

The integration of medical humanities and College English is based on the actual needs of the development of College English and medical humanities in medical colleges and universities in China. Under the guidance of theory of content and language integrated learning (CLIL), the medical humanities and College English integrated teaching should use English medical literature and medical videos to develop students' medical humanities literacy. It should adopt"student-centered"teaching approaches, such as case-based teaching, task-based teaching, medical humanistic practice, and autonomous learning. It should also optimize the evaluation methods. The purpose of the teaching model is to create a real English learning context for medical humanities in which students can improve their English proficiency, enrich their medical humanities literacy, and expand their international horizon as well.

翻译能力是译者在翻译工作中所需的潜在知识体系、技能体系及相关职业素养.本文将西方翻译能力模式分为以语言能力为中心的模式、多元要素翻译能力模式、专业领域(法律)翻译能力模式和最简翻译能力模式.文章分析指出西方翻译能力模式具有重视双语语言能力、翻译技术能力和翻译服务能力,关注专业领域翻译能力,注重实证和实际应用等特点,并从教学目标、课程体系、教学方法等方面讨论了西方翻译能力模式研究对我国MTI翻译能力培养的启示意义.

The Master of Translation and Interpreting (MTI) program in Universities of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in China should be committed to cultivating translation knowledge, medical knowl-edge, core translation competences and related translation professionalism. The program should develop various courses focusing on bilingual language ability, translation knowledge, translation strategy, TCM knowledge, intercultural communication competence, terminology and information communication technology. It should adopt "student-centered" teaching approaches and engage in the cultivation of faculty in order to improve the translation competence for MTI students in TCM universities.

专业类翻译人才培养需要直接面对市场,要体现翻译职业的现实需求.该研究考察了医学翻译行业的职业需求,从医学翻译行业对医学翻译人员的要求为视角来探讨医学翻译人才应该具备的职业能力,其调查结果在教学目标、课程设置、教学方法、师资建设等方面对我国专业类翻译人才培养都具有现实的启示意义.

Bilingual teaching is one of the important means to cultivate internationalized talents,and college English teaching should prepare students for bilingual teaching.Based on the status quo of the transition from college English teaching to bilingual teaching in China,this paper analyzes the differences between college English teaching and bilingual teaching in definitions,characteristics and objectives,and explores the effective transition from college English teaching to bilingual teaching from the perspectives of management,teacher development,curriculum design,teaching methods,textbooks and threshold levels.It is expected to promote the development of bilingual teaching and provide certain enlightenment for college English teaching reform in China.

English teaching plays an important role in training of international -oriented students at TCM colleges. How to make teaching and learning English efficiently and meet the challenge the TCM colleges face? In order to answer this question, the paper explores some important issues such as the status quo of English teaching, curriculum design, cohesion of general English and ESP, and bilingual education.

The new teaching model based on multimedia and network technology should be adopted by Chinese colleges and universities,so that English language teaching will be free from the constraints of time or place and geared towards students' individualized and autonomous learning.The adoption of the new model is a challenge to English teachers and it has inevitably led to a change of role orientation of them.This paper explores the challenges of English teachers from the aspect of the adaptation and thoughts of students' and teachers' about the new teaching model,and it further points out that the new reaching model has a higher requirement for English teachers,which will bring about the new role orientation of English teachers.

The reform of the teaching content, objective, teaching model and course system of college English will be helpful to develop TCM students' ability to use English in an all-round way, to enhance their ability to study independently and to improve their intercultural abilities. As a result, the international-oriented talents of traditional Chinese medicine will be bound to benefit from the reform.