自1943年以来,人们对自闭症谱系障碍(Autistic Spectrum Disorder,ASD)的认识取得了长足的进步。然而,由于ASD病症的复杂性及其近年来发病率的飙升,人们对ASD患儿的诊断评估提出了更高的要求。文章正是基于这样的背景,分别对ASD的诊断标准、诊断工具及其策略和方法进行了介绍。最后,对诊断评估中的问题进行了归纳和总结,并预测了ASD诊断评估的发展方向。

To study the status of career decision making self-efficacy of college graduates and its relationship with social adaptation,108 college graduates from Northwest Normal University were surveyed by Career Decision Scale for College Students and Students of Social Adaptability Scale.The results showed that:College graduates reported lower levels of decision-making performance;College graduates who showed different levels of social adaptation also showed different levels of career decision-making performance;Career decision making of College Graduates had no sex difference,but had great differences between only child and non-only child on the problem-solving dimension.

对Neff编制的自我怜悯量表进行修订,并在青少年群体中进行信效度检验.总共选取485名中学生进行了问卷预测与正式测验,使用SPSS 13.0和AMOS 7.0软件对数据进行分析.结果显示:①修订后的量表包含6个维度、26个条目.②各维度和量表的同质信度在0.58～0.68;探索性因素分析表明各条目对所属因子有中度以上的负荷,抽取的6个因子解释了总方差的53.8％.探索性因素分析与验证性因素分析均支持量表的六因素结构模型.③修订后量表具有良好的心理测量学指标,可以用于我国青少年的测试.进一步研究发现我国青少年自我怜悯测量结果不存在性别差异,存在年级差异.由此可见,青少年自我怜悯量表的信效度符合心理测量学要求.

The word "autism" was proposed by Kanner in 1943,when he found attention disorder in those with autism.With the increasing researches into cognitive information processing orientation,researchers tend to study the attention of those with autism spectrum disorders(ASD) from a domain-general perspective.Also,selective attention,an important aspect of attention,becomes a hot issue in the field of ASD.Based on a research literature review,the article introduces researches into the selective attention of people with ASD,and new research results under the framework of the Perceptual Load Theory.In conclusion,the authors make a summary of the researches into the selective attention of those with ASD,and give suggestions on future research under the new framework.