Ten mixed-breed female dogs were used in the study. Abdominal wall lifting was performed with a sterilised cotton strip. Four portal sites were used to complete gasless laparoscopic ovariohysterectomy (GLOHE) procedures. The proper and suspensor ligament, ovarian pedicle, and broad ligament of the uterus, uterine artery and vein were coagulated using bipolar electrocoagulation. After the uterine body was coagulated and cut, the end of the cervix was ligated with a loop suture. Blood samples were obtained before the surgery, immediately after the procedure, and on 1, 3, and 5 d postoperatively for the determination of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP). No significant surgical complications occurred. After gasless laparoscopic ovariohysterectomy, a significantly higher serum IL-6 level was found immediately after the surgery and 1 d postoperatively when compared with the level observed after traditional laparoscopic ovariohysterectomy (LOHE). However, no significant differences were observed in CRP level between GLOHE and LOHE. GLOHE proved to be a safe and feasible procedure in bitches.

充气腹是进行腹腔镜手术操作时必要步骤之一.用于充气腹的气体种类比较多,如笑气、氦气、空气等是临床上曾经采用过的气体,众多学者对以上这些气体进行了大量的研究[1].结果表明,二氧化碳气体因其特有的优点被全世界众多腹腔镜外科医师们所采用,是目前临床上使用最广泛的充气腹气体.目前,关于二氧化碳气腹对机体呼吸系统、循环系统、肝肾功能及机体免疫方面影响的系列试验研究报道较多.

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of different carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum on heart rate(HR), systolic blood pressure(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure(DBP). Six dogs whose, average weight was 18 kg, were randomly divided into four groups with different pneumo-peritoneum pressure and observed the change of circulation system. The results showed that the HR, SBP and DBP of E group changed most markedly than B group(P0.01). 1.33 kPa was the best pneumoperi-toneum pressure. The pneumoperitoneum pressure was set 1.33 kPa while insufflating and exposed extensive surgery eyesight and the damage of CO2 to body was diminished.

1987年世界上首例腹腔镜胆囊切除术的成功标志着微创外科时代的到来.Dalaitre B和Maig-nien B[1]于1991年报道了世界上首例腹腔镜脾切除术.国内腹腔镜技术在动物领域中的应用还仅仅局限于繁殖领域,2007年, 张建涛等[2]首次用腹腔镜进行了山羊的脾脏摘除术,而将腹腔镜用于犬的相关基础研究或手术,尚未见到报道.

1979年德国Frimberger第一个在猪身上完成了腹腔镜胆囊切除术[1].1987年世界上首例腹腔镜胆囊切除术的成功标志着微创外科时代的到来.

This research was conducted to explore the advantages and disadvantages of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and open cholecystectomy on the operation time,incision length,immunity and stress index.The results showed that each index of laparoscopic cholecystectomy was better than that of open cholecystectomy.

OBJECTIVE:To report laparoscopic splenectomy in goats.STUDY DESIGN:Experimental study.ANIMALS:Healthy female goats (n=9); aged, 10-18 months; weighing, 22-30 kg.METHODS:Food was withheld for 24 hours and water for 10 hours. Anesthetized right laterally recumbent goats had a laparoscopic portal and 3 instrumental portals created in the left flank. Splenic attachments were dissected with monopolar electrocautery and blunt dissection through 2 instrument portals. Exposure and isolation of splenic vessels was performed with laparoscopic "right-angle" preparation forceps. Vessels were ligated with a medium-titanium clip and 2 silk sutures and then transected between the silk sutures. The detached spleen was manipulated into a specimen retrieval bag, morcellated, and the bag retrieved through an enlarged portal. Repeat laparoscopic examination was performed at 1 month.RESULTS:Laparoscopic splenectomy required 70 minutes (range, 52-88 minutes) and was successful without major intraoperative and postoperative complications. Postoperatively, all goats had signs of mild abdominal discomfort. On repeat laparoscopy, with the exception of 1 goat that had a focal omental adhesion to the enlarged portal site, no other abnormalities were identified.CONCLUSIONS:Laparoscopic splenectomy can be accomplished in goats using 4 portals in the left flank and a combination of monopolar cautery dissection of splenic attachments, ligation of vessels using metal clips and intracorporeal ligatures, and intra-abdominal morcellation of the detached spleen in a specimen retrieval bag.CLINICAL RELEVANCE:Laparoscopic splenectomy is an effective and safe technique in goats.

The diastolic pressure,systolic pressure,mean arterial pressure,heart rate,temperature respiratory rate,end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure and oxygen saturation of goats were monitored with intensive care monitor and respiratory monitor during the laparoscopic splennectomy in goats and were recorded at the time of before anesthesia,after anesthesia and before insufflating,intraoperative 10,30,5 min after the deflation,respectively.Then the effect on circulatory system and respiratory system of goats were evaluated.Blood pressure,heart rate,respiratory rate and end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure of goats increased and oxygen saturation and temperature dropped during laparoscopic splenectomy.The results showed that compared with traditional splenectomy,laparoscopic splenectomy in goats had less effect on circulatory and respiratory system of goats.However,to a certain extent,laparoscopic splenectomy could affect circulatory and respiratory system.Monitoring should be strengthened during laparoscopic splenectomy in goats.

动物的急腹症经常需要进行剖腹探查确诊,但是剖腹探查有高发性术后并发症,包括败血症、肠梗阻和腹腔内粘连等.由于腹腔镜具有微创、术后恢复快和能观察到剖腹探查术很难看到部位的优点,因此是一项很有吸引性技术.本文报道了母山羊腹腔镜下腹腔内解剖结构.

腹腔镜技术作为一种安全、简单,相对非侵袭性的诊疗技术,在临床医学中得到了广泛的应用.在国外,腹腔镜技术已经广泛运用到兽医临床动物疾病的诊断与手术治疗、畜牧生产以及胚胎移植等生物工程研究中.