Plastics offer many advantages and are widely used in various fields. Nevertheless, most plastics derived from petroleum are slow to degrade due to their stable polymer structure, posing serious threats to organisms and ecosystems. Thus, developing environmentally friendly and biodegradable plastics is imperative. In this study, biodegradable cellulose/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MCNT) hybrid gels and films with improved ultraviolet-shielding properties were successfully prepared using cotton textile waste as a resource. It was proven that MCNTs can be dispersed evenly in cellulose without any chemical or physical pretreatment. It was found that the contents of MCNTs had obvious effects on the structures and properties of hybrid films. Particularly, the averaged transmittance of cellulose/MCNT composite films in the range of 320–400 nm (T320–400) and 290–320 nm (T290–320) can be as low as 19.91% and 16.09%, when the content of MCNTs was 4.0%, much lower than those of pure cellulose films (T320–400: 84.12% and T290–320: 80.03%). Meanwhile, the water contact angles of the cellulose/MCNT films were increased by increasing the content of MCNTs. Most importantly, the mechanical performance of cellulose/MCNT films could be controlled by the additives of glycerol and MCNTs. The tensile strength of the cellulose/MCNT films was able to reach as high as 20.58 MPa, while the elongation at break was about 31.35%. To summarize, transparent cellulose/MCNT composites with enhanced ultraviolet-shielding properties can be manufactured successfully from low-cost cotton textile waste, which is beneficial not only in terms of environmental protection, but also the utilization of natural resources.

Objective To observe the relaxation effect of luteolin on superior mesenteric artery in rats and explore its mechanism.Methods The isolated vascular ring experiment method was used.The 1×10 -6.1 ,1×10 -5.6 ,1×10 -5.1 ,1×10 -4.6 ,1×10 -4.1 ,1×10 -3.6 ,1×10 -3.1 mol·L -1 luteolin group was the experimental group,and the equal volume of cumulative saline group was the control group.The contraction effects of high K + and phenylephrine （PE） on isolated rat vascular rings were recorded by Myograph dynamic recording system.To observe the relaxation effect of different concentrations of luteolin on high K + and PE pre-contracted vascular rings;at the same time,various instrumental drugs were used to explore the correlation between the vasodilation of luteolin and endothelium,potassium channels and calcium channels.Results The maximum vasodilation rates of luteolin on high K + and PE pre-contracted endothelial intact arterioles were （42.75±3.13）%and（82.64±1.80）%,respectively.The maximum relaxation rate of endothelium-denuded arteriolar rings was （94.52±0.76）%.In the presence of perfusion pressure,the outer diameters of arterioles precontracted with high K + and PE were（160.0±3.2） and （280.0±2.2）μm,respectively.After incubation with luteolin at concentrations of 1×10 -4.6 and1×10 -4.1 mol·L -1 ,the maximum contraction rate of PE decreased to （92.36±6.33）%and （63.76±12.79）%,respectively,when the cumulative concentration of PE was 1×10 -5 mol·L -1 .The above data in the experimental group were significantly different from those in the control group （all P＜0.05）.Conclusion Luteolin can significantly relax the superior mesenteric artery in rats,and it is more sensitive to the relax of deendothelial micro arterioles.Its mechanism is related to acceptor operant calcium channel （ROCC） and voltage dependent calcium channel （VDCC）.

以羟丙基-β-环糊精(HP-β-CD)为包合材料,制备阿司匹林包合物,以解决阿司匹林水溶性差、易水解的问题,并减轻其口服给药对胃肠道的刺激性.以阿司匹林包合率为评价指标衡量包合效果,筛选包合物的制备方法,优化包合工艺,通过T LC、DSC等分析方法对包合物进行评价.结果表明,制备阿司匹林HP-β-CD包合物的最佳方法为超声法,最佳工艺为m(HP-β-CD):m(阿司匹林)=3:1、包合温度40℃ 、超声频率40 K Hz、输入功率200 W、包合20.h,所得包合物对阿司匹林的包合率为528.5％;TLC、DSC等检测方法显示阿司匹林能够被充分包埋于HP-β-CD空腔内,且二者相容性良好.采用超声法所制备的羟丙基-β-环糊精包合物工艺简单、稳定且包合率较高,包合可改善其水溶性及稳定性,为阿司匹林更广泛的临床应用提供了新思路.

目的 从基因水平探讨丁苯酞对慢性酒精中毒大鼠海马的影响及其治疗机制.方法 借助基因芯片技术获取慢性酒精中毒模型组和用药组大鼠海马体的相关基因表达数据集,再利用生物信息学的分析方法对差异表达基因进行筛选与分析,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应对关键mRNA的表达进行验证.此外,通过水迷宫检测慢性酒精中毒大鼠学习记忆的损伤.结果 一共筛选出585个差异表达基因,其中320个表达上调,265个表达下调.其中涉及的主要信号通路有氧化磷酸化通路,黏合连接,蛋白酶体通路,脂肪细胞因子信号通路,丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号转导通路,破骨细胞的分化,黏着,幽门螺杆菌感染中的上皮细胞信号转导,帕金森病通路,聚酮糖的生物合成等.结论 通过生物信息学的分析发现,丁苯酞可以将由慢性酒精中毒造成差异表达的多个基因反向调控到正常水平,通过Sec61G、Ndufa4、Ndufa2等与内质网或线粒体相关基因的表达,缓解了内质网应激,减轻线粒体损伤,在一定程度上保护了神经元细胞.其中RPSA、RPS9、RPS11、SRP19、Sec61G、EIF3E、LARS、Ndufa4、Ndufb6、Ndufa2等基因编码的蛋白.

In this work, a novel embolic microspheres with micro nano binary progressive structure (MN-Ms) were developed for transarterial chemoembolization (TCE) applications. The Bletilla striata polysaccharide (Bsp) polymer can inhibit neovascularization and having a dimensional porous network structure, which as the first level of micron structure (microspheres) and will play a role on tumor embolization and inhibition of ischemia-induced neovascularization. The nano flexible liposomes which were embedded by the Bsp polymer microspheres as the second level nano structure to deliver drug across biological membrane barriers. And the micro nano binary progressive structure of MN-Ms was easily formed by using an emulsion crosslinking method. The MN-Ms appeared as perfect round shape with desired swelling and suspensibility characteristics, this was very convenient for embolizing operation by TCE. Due to the binary progressive structure, the MN-Ms could effectively site-specific delivery drug to the targeted liver tissue by enhancing the permeability of Sodium dimethyl-cantharidate (SC) across vessel walls & tissue matrix and delaying drug release at the site of administration, this caused the administrated SC mostly accumulated in the liver, also a higher cytotoxicity to human hepatoma cells. This work indicate that the MN-Ms may be a promising embolic agent for TCE applications for advanced liver cancer.

目的 建立鼠曲草中绿原酸、咖啡酸、异毛蕊花糖苷和异泽兰黄素一测多评的质量控制方法.方法 以绿原酸为内参物,分别建立咖啡酸、异毛蕊花糖苷和异泽兰黄素的相对校正因子,并用该校正因子进行咖啡酸、异毛蕊花糖苷和异泽兰黄素的计算,实现一测多评;同时采用外标法测定鼠曲草中4种成分的含量,比较计算值与实测值之间的差异,验证所建立方法的准确性、可行性和重复性.结果 在线性范围内,绿原酸与咖啡酸、异毛蕊花糖苷和异泽兰黄素的相对校正因子分别为1.1445、0.4608、0.9719,在不同实验条件下相对校正因子重现性良好,6批鼠曲草中咖啡酸、异毛蕊花糖苷和异泽兰黄素的计算值与实测值无显著性差异.结论 所建立的鼠曲草中绿原酸、咖啡酸、异毛蕊花糖苷和异泽兰黄素的一测多评法准确、可行,重复性好,可用于鼠曲草药材的质量控制.

目的:筛选清肠通腹颗粒剂的最佳制备工艺.方法:以成型率、溶化率为指标,采用单因素考察筛选出清肠通腹颗粒的最佳制备工艺;采用薄层色谱法和紫外分光光度法对大黄素进行了定性定量分析.结果:筛选出制备颗粒剂的最佳填充剂为糖粉:糊精=1:1,最佳处方组成为1份浸膏粉与1份填充剂及少量甜叶菊苷、柠檬酸、苹果香精、氢氧化铝混合,采用8％PVPK30无水乙醇溶液直接制粒,成品颗粒成型性好、溶化性好,符合颗粒剂检查项下要求,且定性及定量分析均符合要求,结果较为理想.结论:本实验确定的制备工艺切实可行,对颗粒可以进行定性、定量分析.

目的 建立清肠通腹颗粒HPLC指纹图谱,并采用一测多评法测定其6种成分(芍药苷、氧化芍药苷、柚皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚)的含量.方法 以芍药苷为参照峰,确定共有峰,建立清肠通腹颗粒的HPLC指纹图谱;以芍药苷为内标,确定氧化芍药苷、柚皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚的相对校正因子并进行含量计算,实现一测多评;同时采用外标法测定清肠通腹颗粒中6种成分的含量,比较计算值和实测值的差异.结果 建立了清肠通腹颗粒HPLC指纹图谱,10批样品相似度均在0.95以上.在线性范围内,以芍药苷为内标建立的氧化芍药苷、柚皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚的相对校正因子分别为0.245、1.201、1.064、2.526、0.844,重现性良好,5批清肠通腹颗粒一测多评法计算值与实测值无显著差异.结论 建立的HPLC指纹图谱和一测多评法可用于清肠通腹颗粒的质量评价.

目的:优选清肠通腹颗粒剂的成型工艺.方法:以浸膏粉与辅料及辅料间的比,以及乙醇的浓度为因素,以成型率、吸湿率为指标,用L9(34)正交试验优选成型工艺.结果:筛选出最佳制备颗粒剂的最佳工艺参数是干浸膏粉:辅料=1:1.5,辅料配比为糊精:糖粉=1:1,乙醇浓度是80％.结论:该工艺稳定可靠,合理可行,可为生产提供依据.

Objective To determine the changes of chemical components in Ampelopsis radix before and after processing,establish the quality control method of the fingerprint map of Ampelopsis Radix before and after processing. Methods HPLC was used under the condition of a detection wave length at 290 nm,a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1 and acetonitrile -0.2％ phosphoric acid as the mobile phase gradient elution to detect the different batches of Ampelopsis radix before and after processing. Similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint of TCM was applied to analyze data. Meanwhile,the HPLC quantification for contents of gallic acid,protocatechuic acid,protocatechuic aldehyde and resveratrol was verified in Ampelopsis radix before and after processing.Results Eight common peaks are obtained as characteristic chromatographic peaks from different batches of Ampelopsis radix before and after processing, and the fingerprint of Ampelopsis radix was established. The determination results showed that in the processed products of Ampelopsis radix,protocatechuic acid and gallic acid contents were significantly higher than those in raw materials;the content of protocatechuic aldehyde,resveratrol were slightly lower than those in the crude Ampelopsis radix.Conclusion The HPLC fingerprints and the contents of the target components of Ampelopsis radix could be used to control the quality of Ampelopsis radix.

目的:采用羟丙基-β-环糊精(HP-β-CD)包合茉莉精油以提高其水溶性和稳定性,为拓宽茉莉精油的进一步工业化应用奠定基础.方法:以HP-β-CD为包合材料,以挥发油包合率为评价指标,筛选包合物制备方法并优化其包合工艺;通过通过紫外(UV)、薄层层析(TLC)、差示扫描(DSC)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等分析方法对包合物进行评价,并考察强光、高温、高湿对于包合物稳定性的影响.结果:恒温搅拌法为制备茉莉精油HP-β-CD包合物的最佳方法,当茉莉精油与HP-β-CD质量比为1 : 7,在温度50℃、搅拌速度300 r·min-1条件下,包合1. 5 h时所得包合物对于茉莉精油的包合率为(73. 24 ± 0. 73)% ;UV、TLC、DSC等检测方法显示茉莉精油能够被充分包埋于HP-β-CD空腔内,且两者相容性良好,同时,茉莉精油的水溶性和稳定性大大提高.结论:恒温搅拌法制备茉莉精油HP-β-CD包合物的工艺简便可行、易于操作,所制备的包合物包合率高、水溶性好与稳定性高,为茉莉精油的进一步工业化应用奠定了基础.

Objective In order to provide theoretical basis for Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae herbs resources and analyze the possibility of other citrus peels instead of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae.Methods According to single factor experimental design,the influence of three parameters on the extraction rate of orange peel and pomelo peel were investigated importantly,including extraction time,solid-liquid ratio and particle size.D-limonene,the main component of volatile oil,was qualitative and quantitative analyzed by GC-MS method.Results The volatile oil extraction rate of sugar orange peel is slightly higher than orange peel but much higher than pomelo peel.The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the four kinds of volatile oil can be realized by GC-MS method,which provide the content of D-limonene of sugar orange peel is higher than orange peel.Conclusion Sugar orange peel as a kind of citrus peels can be the source of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae,but also become an important medicine source of extracting D-limonene.the content of D-limonene of fresh orange peel is higher than dried tangerine peel placed more than a year,which may related to the gradual decrease of D-limonene during long-term storage.

本研究根据药学类专业的需要,确定构建生物药剂学与药物动力学实验教学体系的指导思想,拟定生物药剂学与药物动力学实验体系的结构与内容,建立生物药剂学与药物动力学验证性实验、综合性实验、设计性实验三个实验教学层次,构建以创新能力培养为主线的实验教学新模式.研究发现通过生物药剂学与药物动力学实验教学体系的实施,调动了学生学习的热情,促进了教师业务水平的提高,可见生物药剂学与药物动力学实验教学体系的构建是符合教学需要的.

杜仲叶具有抗氧化、心血管调节、促进骨细胞增殖、免疫调节等多种药理作用,可利用度极高,开发前景广阔。

目的:提高完善回生第一丹胶囊质量标准.方法:采用薄层色谱法对该制剂中虫、当归、乳香(醋制)、麝香、血竭进行定性鉴别;采用容量法测定该制剂中朱砂中硫化汞的含量;采用高效液相色谱法测定该制剂中血竭素的含量,Kromasil C18 色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-0.05mol·L-1磷酸二氢钠溶液(50:50),检测波长为440nm,流速为1mL·min-1,柱温为40℃.结果:定性、定量方法简便、准确,专属性强,重现性好.结论:提高后的质量标准可更有效的控制该制剂的质量.

目的观察Klotho蛋白对C57BL/6小鼠黑质神经元数目的影响并探讨其可能机制。方法 C57BL/6小鼠分3组:野生型雄性小鼠(WT),Klotho基因过表达型(Tg)小鼠,Klotho基因敲除鼠(KO)各6只,行为学观察及体重测定,用酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)免疫组织化学法观察黑质神经元的变化。结果 KO小鼠与WT、Tg组小鼠相比体重明显降低(P<0.01)。WT组小鼠与Tg组小鼠相比体重差别不显著(P>0.05);与WT小鼠相比KO组小鼠脑黑质神经原数目上调而Tg组小鼠脑黑质神经原数目下调,三组间均有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论 Klotho基因可影响黑质纹状体内多巴胺能神经元的数目。与WT组小鼠相比KO小鼠脑黑质神经原数目上调而Tg小鼠脑黑质神经原数目下调,可能是Klotho-FGF23共受体存在负反馈调节机制的影响。

骨骼是晚期乳腺癌最常见的转移部位,肿瘤细胞可造成溶骨性结构破坏,导致局部功能障碍、病理性骨折和高钙血症,同时伴有剧烈疼痛,从而严重影响患者的生活质量.因此止痛是骨转移性恶性肿瘤患者面临的主要治疗问题[1].目前临床上主要用双磷酸盐类(zoledronic acid)药物治疗恶性肿瘤引起的骨转移疼痛与高钙血症,其中临床应用氯膦酸盐已二十余年,在治疗主要以溶骨破坏为主的恶性肿瘤如乳腺癌、前列腺癌转移的病人方面取得了较好疗效[2],因而备受关注.

目的观察Klotho蛋白对1-甲基-4-苯基-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶(MPTP)诱导所致C57BL/6小鼠黑质神经元损伤的保护作用,并探讨其可能的保护机制。方法C57BL/6小鼠分4组:野生型(WT)生理盐水(NS)对照(WT+NS)组,野生型MPTP(WT+MPTP)组,Klotho蛋白高表达型(KO)生理盐水对照组(KO+NS),Klotho蛋白高表达型MPTP组(KO+MPTP)。WT+MPTP组和KO+MPTP组小鼠皮下注射MPTP(20mg/kg),连用2d制备帕金森病(PD)模型;WT+NS和KO+NS皮下注射等体积生理盐水。用酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)免疫组织化学法观察黑质神经元的变化;应用高效液相电化学方法(HPLC)检测纹状体(Str)多巴胺(DA)及其代谢产物3,4-二羟基苯乙酸(DOPAC)和高香草酸(HVA)的含量变化。结果KO+MPTP组黑质致密带(SNc)TH免疫阳性神经元数目较KO+NS组有所减少,但差异不显著;而WT+MPTP组SNc区TH免疫阳性神经元数目较WT+NS组明显减少(P<0.01)。KO+MPTP组小鼠Str区DA及其代谢产物DOPAC含量较KO+NS减少,但差异不显著,HVA含量的改变差异显著(P<0.05);而WT+MPTP组DA及其代谢产物DOPAC、HVA含量较WT+NS明显减少(P<0.01)。结论Klotho蛋白可以拮抗MPTP对小鼠黑质多巴胺能神经元损伤,其机制可能因为Klotho蛋白是成纤维细胞生长因子23(FGF23)信号转导中其受体的基本辅助因子及抗氧化应激作用有关。