Adverse perinatal factors can interfere with the normal development of the brain, potentially resulting in long-term effects on the comprehensive development of children. Presently, the understanding of cognitive and neurodevelopmental processes under conditions of adverse perinatal factors is substantially limited. There is a critical need for an open resource that integrates various perinatal factors with the development of the brain and mental health to facilitate a deeper understanding of these developmental trajectories. In this Data Descriptor, we introduce a multicenter database containing information on perinatal factors that can potentially influence children's brain-mind development, namely, periCBD, that combines neuroimaging and behavioural phenotypes with perinatal factors at county/region/central district hospitals. PeriCBD was designed to establish a platform for the investigation of individual differences in brain-mind development associated with perinatal factors among children aged 3-10 years. Ultimately, our goal is to help understand how different adverse perinatal factors specifically impact cognitive development and neurodevelopment. Herein, we provide a systematic overview of the data acquisition/cleaning/quality control/sharing, processes of periCBD.

ABSTRACT Adverse perinatal factors can disrupt the normal development of the brain, with potential long-term impacts on children’s overall development. Currently, the neuropathological mechanisms by which these factors lead to various neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) remain largely unknown. An open resource that integrate perinatal factors with brain and mental health development is essential for investigating NDD-related aetiology. In this Data Descriptor, we introduce a multicentre database containing information on perinatal factors that influence children’s brain-mind development, namely, periCBD, that combines neuroimaging and behavioural phenotypes with perinatal factors associated with a high incidence of NDDs at county/region/central district hospitals. PeriCBD was designed to establish a platform for the investigation of individual differences in brain-mind development among children aged 3–10 years are associated with perinatal factors. Ultimately, our goal was to develop an early prediction and screening model for NDDs that leverages normative data to facilitate NDD aetiology research. Herein, we provide a systematic overview of the data acquisition/cleaning/quality control/sharing, processes of periCBD and present preliminary brain-mind associations.

Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) refer to a series of mental disorders that plague the motor and behavioral development of children in the K12 basic education stage. The etiology and pathogenesis of these disorders remain unclear. Multicenter Children's Brain Development Database under Perinatal Factors (PeriCBD) is established by the State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, relying on county/prefecture/district central hospitals to collect data on the brain development of children in high-incidence age groups of NDDs. The primary purpose is to construct a data information platform related to brain development patterns and individual differences in children aged 3-10 under perinatal factors. Meanwhile, the platform is expected to provide critical basic data for the national brain development research, predictive diagnosis, and treatment of NDDs in children. This paper takes the data collection work completed in Anyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Henan Province and the People's Hospital of Liangping District of Chongqing City as examples to introduce the organizational framework of PeriCBD, and clarify the unified collection, cleaning, and analysis process of subject behavior data and magnetic resonance imaging data. In addition, following the standardization in processes, such as data extraction, conversion, loading of database links, etc., the dataset aims to establish a paradigm for subsequent PeriCBD data collection and database were shown.

当今世界各种思想文化交流更加频繁,进一步凸显了文化自信在国民精神中的重要性.文化自信的培养,应从幼儿文化启蒙阶段做起.以中华文字之源甲骨文为载体,充分挖掘中华优秀传统文化蕴含的人文精神与文化内涵,作为培养幼儿文化自信的载体,基于幼儿的身心发展特点和生活实践,构建幼儿趣味甲骨文课程.甲骨文课程在学前教育中的构建和实施从课程目标、课程内容、课程实施、课程评价四个方面递进开展,结合学前教育阶段的特殊性,应该体现出活动、直观、趣味、渗透、全面、系统等特点,突出"好玩"之趣味性,在玩中激发幼儿的民族文化自豪感,培养幼儿的文化自信,进而探索传统文化与学前教育的融合之道.

建设文化强国应从娃娃抓起,但目前我国幼儿文化启蒙面临着重外部刺激轻内部引发、重单向传输轻双向互动、重引进移植轻本土原创、重氛围营造轻精神培育等问题.立足新时代,幼儿文化启蒙亟须实现范式转换与路径创新.文章基于心理信任理论构建新时代的幼儿文化启蒙模式,并提出推进文化启蒙的基本路径,具体包括:以包容性文化政策引领幼儿文化启蒙实践,以接纳性心理信任营造幼儿文化启蒙氛围,以道德性人际信任增强幼儿文化启蒙动机,以象征性系统信任提升幼儿文化启蒙层次,以扩展性文化信任夯实幼儿文化启蒙根基等.

以中华文字之源甲骨文为载体,挖掘中华优秀传统文化蕴含的人文精神与文化内涵;以陈鹤琴的"活教育"思想作为课程的理论指导,基于幼儿的身心发展特点和生活实践,我们构建了幼儿趣味甲骨文课程.我们围绕培养幼儿文化自信的根本目标,从课程目标、课程内容、课程实施、课程评价几个方面进行了探索,意在激发幼儿民族文化自豪感,培养幼儿的文化自信,探索传统文化与幼儿教育相融合的范例.

幼儿处于吸收性心智阶段,在文化启蒙的伊始,文化自信的培养尤为重要.甲骨文是汉字的源头和中华优秀传统文化的根脉,蕴含着丰富的文化自信的教育价值,其生动形象的特点可以培养幼儿对文字符号的兴趣,滋养幼儿形成中华文化特色的人格特质,为此将甲骨文融入幼儿教育有助于中华优秀传统文化的传承和发展.根据幼儿的身心发展特点和幼儿教育规律,在选取甲骨文内容时,要与幼儿生活紧密联系且简单易懂,要直观形象富有童趣,要能够体现中华传统文化内涵的积极意义,含义解释要确切,无疑义、无争议.幼儿园可通过游戏玩转甲骨文、多样操作感知甲骨文、环境渗透甲骨文、立体活动全面落实甲骨文化等教学策略,为幼儿的文化自信培养奠定基础.

家庭早期教育是影响婴幼儿发展的重要因素.对河南省0～3岁婴幼儿家庭早期教育现状的调查显示,婴幼儿的照料和养育以母亲为主,父亲角色缺位;父母与婴幼儿分离现象普遍,且普遍缺乏照料婴幼儿的时间和精力;家庭早期教育的重要性得到认可,但存在性别、阶层和地域差异;家庭早期教育关注婴幼儿的综合发展,但仍强调智力开发;婴幼儿教养者缺乏系统的养育知识和科学的评价方法.为提高家庭早期教育质量,政府应加强家庭早期教育公共服务体系建设,为婴幼儿父母科学开展早期教育提供有力支持.

本文通过对某高等专科学校291名大一新生的人际关系状况进行调查分析,从同学关系、师生关系、自我主观感受三方面进行了不同专业、不同性别的数据分析,从多个因子方面分析了其现状,发现大一新生的人际关系状况虽然大部分良好,但是仍然有一定比例的学生状况堪忧,本文又进一步进行了原因探讨,为高等专科学校新生人际关系状况调适起到了借鉴作用,对一般高校新生心理健康工作也可以起到参考作用.

周末的一天，我到姐姐家串门，进门后发现小外甥毛毛边看电视边揉着红红的眼睛，还不断地眨眼、喊痛，楚楚可怜的小脸蛋上挂着痛苦的泪珠。向姐姐询问了缘由后才知道，原来毛毛傍晚出去玩时，不小心被风沙迷了双眼。可是就在这样痛苦的状态下，他也不愿放弃看电视的机会，仍然瞪着红红的双眼，痛苦而艰难地注视着电视上的画面。姐姐在一旁不停地劝说毛毛，让他把电视关了，让眼睛休息一下，但都遭到了毛毛的抗拒，姐姐又急又气，却又不知所措。

近日读到毕淑敏的一篇文章《走出黑暗巷道》,深有感触,在这里与大家简要分享。 故事梗概是：小镇上,有一个活泼好胜的女孩小时候被一个流浪汉强暴了。她妈妈领着她报了警,那个流浪汉被抓获。但小镇的人对于这种事,有着经久不衰的记忆和口口相传的热情。女孩在人们异样的目光中渐渐长大,但她的个子不是越来越高,反而是越来越矮。

心理健康主体性教学模式以活动为基本载体,以小组为基本组织单位,在教师指导下,由学生自选主题、自主设计课堂、自主上课,贯彻自主学习、合作学习、探究学习的理念,能促使学生积极主动地去探讨心理健康的知识,体验心理渗透的过程,同时也能促进自己以及同学心理素质的发展。