The separation and purification of proteins is an essential precondition for proteomics research because of the intricate matrix environment. Hence, a facile method has been developed to synthesize hyperbranched polyethyleneimine modified magnetic nanomaterials (Fe3O4-NH2-BPEI) with dendritic structure, unique electrostatic effect, and abundant functional groups for the selective adsorption of proteins which greatly avoids the drawbacks of time consumption and leakage of metal ions in traditional pre-treatment. The preparation conditions, physical and chemical properties, and adsorption performance of Fe3O4-NH2-BPEI have been fully studied. The obtained materials have stable crystal shape, adequate superparamagnetism, fast adsorption kinetics, high adsorption amount, and admirable reusability. In addition, the as-prepared Fe3O4-NH2-BPEI exhibits good selective adsorption ability for electronegative proteins in the neutral solution, exhibiting a potential value for special adsorption for proteins with different pI.

高校实验室是高校进行实验教学和科学研究的重要场所.随着我国对高等教育的投入逐年增加,高校实验室的教学及科研活动更加频繁.这也使得高校实验室安全问题日益凸显,引起了极大的关注.其中,高校化学实验室由于其特殊性,成为了实验室安全事故的高发区域.因此,高校化学实验室的安全管理工作成为了高校安全工作的重点之一并获得了大量的研究.然而这些研究往往是具有针对性的、基于研究人员所在单位实际的研究工作.发现在这些研究工作中具有大量的共同之处和可相互借鉴之处,认为对这些研究工作进行回顾和总结具有重要的意义,并将对后续研究工作起到一定的指导和促进作用.

旨在针对医学化学实验室教育现状及医学类专业学习需求进行探究,提出适合医学化学实验安全教育模式.通过将"绿色化学"+"职业素养"融入化学实验安全教学,精准分类制定化学实验项目风险评估内容,保障化学实验秩序化管理以及实验教学环节的顺利开展,充分发挥实践课程在人才培养中的作用,为医学大类学生专业教育与职业素养教育打下坚实的基础.此外,也为同类型化学实验课程安全教育及化学实验室的安全运行提供借鉴与参考.

以《高分子化学实验》为例,介绍了该课程教学的现状,为了提高学生的学习积极性,提升实验教学效果,构建了实验教学和学科竞赛融合的教学模式,实现了"以赛促学、以赛促教、以赛促改"的目标.此外,通过深入挖掘产物的发展历史、科学家事迹以及我国的发展需求等中蕴含的相关思政元素,将实验教学和课程思政深度融合.在高分子化学实验教学中,实验竞赛和思政教育的融入,加强了对学生创新能力、探索思维和综合素质的培养.

高校实验教学是人才培养的重要环节,在新型冠状肺炎肆虐的当下,积极响应国家教育部"停课不停学"、"停课不停教"的号召.西安交通大学化学实验教学中心也在积极探索实验类课程线上教学方案,通过反复的研讨、准备、试讲,已初步探索出一套"线上直播+视频讲解+虚拟仿真实验+线上翻转课堂+线上测试"多角度多方位多层次的线上实验课教学模式.以有机化学实验为例,介绍了三种实验教学新模式的开展方式和预期效果,为化学实验类课程的线上教学提供了经验和素材.

基础化学实验室主要开设基础类、大面积通识课程,开课对象以非化学专业、低年级本科生为主.基础化学实验室在实践教学活动过程中往往涉及危险化学试剂以及高温、高压等危险操作,加之新形势下大类招生不断扩大,基础类课程教学任务与日俱增,基础化学实验室的安全运行管理面临的挑战更加严峻.以西安交通大学基础化学实验室为例,介绍了我校基础化学实验室现状及在安全运行与管理方面存在的问题和解决对策,为同类型化学实验室的安全运行与管理提供借鉴与参考.

高校实验室是培养人才、 产出前沿科技成果的重要载体,而实验室安全是高校实验室管理工作的重中之重.随着高校"双一流"建设要求的提出,现代信息技术的发展,实验室安全面临很多新的问题.从建立系统的安全管理制度、 合理使用化学品及科学处理其废弃物、 强化安全教育、 加强实验技术人员队伍建设四个方面着手,阐述了在"双一流"建设、 教育信息化发展等新形势下高校化学实验室安全建设过程中存在的问题及应对措施.

在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间,口罩在卫生防护、 感染控制等方面起着至关重要的作用,本文首先对口罩的分类和防护机理进行讲解,随后介绍了口罩基础原料聚丙烯的发展及改性过程,并对环保绿色纤维如Lyocell纤维、聚乳酸纤维的最新研究进展进行了总结,随后,简要介绍了静电纺纳米纤维的优异特性、研究概况及其在医疗卫生等领域的应用潜力,最后,展望了静电纺纳米纤维的应用前景和发展趋势.

针对现有医用有机化学实验课程教学内容单一、教学模式传统、实验学时不足、学生重视程度不够等问题,构建了基于"虚实结合"的医用有机化学实验混合教学模式,主要包括教学方法变更、教学内容丰富、虚拟仿真实验引入、课程考核体系完善.实践发现,混合教学模式的应用更好地培养了学生自主创新的实践能力,为实践课程教育改革提供了有效依据,同时,让实践教学以时时、处处、人人皆可学的"新形态"展现在学生面前.

针对目前化学实验全英文在线教学资源匹配度较低、相对匮乏等问题,以医学留学生为中心,建设了有声课件、模块化实景实验操作视频以及测试题库3种不同类型的化学实验全英文教学资源,通过资源的线下使用和基于雨课堂的在线预习,实现从"集中、定时、定点"的传统教学模式向"模块化、碎片化、信息化"的混合教学模式转变,可以丰富教学资源和教学手段,改进教学秩序,提高医学留学生化学知识和技能学习的积极性和主动性,使"教""学"良性循环,可切实提高化学实验国际化教学质量.

In order to let students understand the general synthesis method of nanomaterials and instill the concept of controllable synthesis of nanomaterials, the green synthesis method is used to prepare Cu2O microparticles of different colors by the liquid phase reduction method.In this experiment, glucose was used as the reducing agent, and the Bancol reagent was used to react under alkaline conditions.The cuprous oxide sol of different sizes and morphologies was successfully synthesized, and the morphology of the sample was characterized by a biological microscope.The control mechanism of Cu2O morphology was explored by shape model of Cu2O to realize the effective control of the morphology and particle size.The degradation performance of Cu2O as a visible light catalyst on the organic dye methylene blue was evaluated.This experiment involves the synthesis, control and application of nanomaterials, which is conducive to cultivating students' ability to observe, analyze and solve problems.At the same time, the application of nanomaterials to the sewage treatment of organic dyes will help cultivate students' environmental awareness and professional power.

物理化学实验是具有承上启下桥梁作用的重要基础实验课程.该课程一般要使用多种常规物理化学实验仪器, 测量体系物理量的变化, 综合分析得出实验结论.此类实验具有综合性强、知识点多及能力要求高的特点再加上分组化教学方式的影响, 使得学生普遍反馈该课程难学, 任课教师同样反馈该课程难教.为尽量克服以上不利影响, 提高实验教学质量, 课程教学小组对物理化学实验课程作出多处改革并付诸实践,同时指出该课程现存的不足之处, 提出今后课程改革发展构想.

以目前开设的分光光度法测定微量铁实验为例, 在此实验基础上进行了拓展, 设计并开展了分光光度法测定常见食物中的铁含量实验, 基础性实验具有一定的探索性, 有利于培养学生的迁移应用及设计实验能力, 培养学生的创新性精神, 提高学生的科学探究能力, 为后续的设计性实验奠定良好的基础, 形成了基础实验与设计实验的合理过渡、相互衔接的教学体系.

: This paper introduces the reform measures on the general chemistry principle laboratory, which is provided for the science-majored students by the chemistry laboratory center of Xi’an Jiaotong University after the admissions by categories. The reform involves many aspects, including reforming the laboratory teaching system, adopting the hybrid teaching method, blending in the course ideological element and strengthening the process evaluation, etc. These measures correspondingly enhanced the cultivation to the students’ awareness of environmental, active exploration, scientific thinking and practical and realistic scientism. The acquired results were also presented.

随着实践教学力度的不断加强,大面积化学实验教学的绿色化尤为重要.结合实际教学经验,针对大类招生背景下的大面积化学实验教学过程中,如何融入绿色化学思想,有效提升学生的环境保护意识;如何将绿色化学技术应用于实验设计中,培养学生的创新思维;指导学生对化学垃圾进行分类回收、处理;创造性的开展废弃物回收与处理开放性实验等问题进行了探讨.

针对传统化学实验教学中存在的实验学时长、仪器设备昂贵、有毒有害等问题,利用Unity3D和3DSMAX软件,选取部分典型实验,建立化学虚拟仿真实验.通过HTML网页实现化学虚拟实验的整合,建立基于Unity3D的化学虚拟实验教学平台.该虚拟实验教学平台应用3DS MAX建模软件建立逼真的三维仿真模型,Unity3D软件完成场景搭建和界面模型的交互,并使用PHP脚本语言完成数据库与前端应用的有效连接.依托Unity3D软件良好的兼容性,实现了在PC端和移动端等多平台的实验浏览操作和实验教学管理,激发学生的学习兴趣,提升了人才培养的效果.同时,教师可以根据课程需要开设虚拟仿真实验,在有限学时内显著扩充实验内容,增加了实验教学环节中时间和空间的自由度,具有较好的应用前景.

A novel adsorbent, composed of cross-linked de-esterified pectin microspheres, was prepared via cross-linking with Ca(II) and modification by de-esterified pectin, low-methoxyl pectin (LMP) and pectic acid (PA). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) were applied too, exhibiting a successful fabrication, good adsorption ability, and well-defined surface microstructure beneficial to Pb(II) adsorption. The adsorption ability of pectin microspheres (PMs), low-methoxyl pectin microspheres (LMPMs) and pectic acid microspheres (PAMs) for Pb(II) in aqueous solution were explored. The maximum adsorption capacity of PMs, LMPMs and PAMs was 127 mg.g(-1), 292 mg.g(-1) and 325 mg.g(-1) at pH 5.0 respectively, indicating a great improvement of LMPMs and PAMs in the adsorption ability for Pb(II) compared with PMs. Furthermore, the adsorption mechanism was proposed. The experimental data were well fitted with pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models. Five-cycle reusability tests demonstrated that microspheres could be used repeatedly. All the results confirmed that LMPMs and PAMs, which presented outstanding adsorption capability and reusability, could be a good candidate for wastewater purification.

从绿色化学、环境保护角度出发,对教学实验“硫酸亚铁铵的制备”进行了改进和创新.实验过程中选用本校工程坊机械加工产生的废弃物铁屑为原料,节约成本,变废为宝,属于再生利用资源的节约型实验,另外还进行了装置改进,将原敞开式实验装置改为封闭且配有尾气吸收的装置.经过对反应装置和实验用量进行了探索研究,不仅提高了产物的质量,降低了实验能耗,减少了实验室污染,而且提高了学生实验的兴趣及环保意识.

Graphene supported transition metal oxides (TMOs) nanocomposites have been recognized as an advisable strategy to develop the advanced electrodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIB) recently, yet the long-term cyclic stability could not be well maintained mainly due to the severe structural collapse and continuous exfoliation of active TMOs from graphene support. Herein, we successfully designed a novel sandwich-type hybrid nanostructure of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) enwrapped MnO nanooctahedra like a blanket (MnO@rGO NO) via a facile solution reflux and a post-annealing. The XRD patterns and FESEM images confirm that octahedral Mn3O4 precursor embedded among GO interlayers could be easily reduced into conformal MnO nanocrystal whilst the full reduction of GO into rGO during the subsequent calcination at 700 degrees C in N-2. When used as a promising anode for LIBs, the sandwiched MnO@rGO NO manifests excellent lithium storage capability with high reversible discharge capacity, long-term cyclic stability and superb rate performance, mainly benefiting from the robust structure and good conductivity enhanced by rGO matrix. Even undergoing 600 cycles at the current densities of 400 and 800mA g(-1), the hybrid sandwiched MnO@rGO NO anodes could still deliver stable discharge capacities of 838 and 687 mAh g(-1), respectively. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

: Pectin or modified pectin is used to remove the heavy metal ions in aqueous solution. The adsorption ability of pectin microspheres (PMs) and pectic acid microspheres (PAMs) for Pb (II) in aqueous solution were characterized by the parameters such as pH, initial concentration, and contact time for Pb (II) removal in this work. The results showed that adsorption for 150 min at pH 5 was the optimal condition. The maximum adsorption capacity of PMs and PAMs for Pb (II) was 127 mg·g -1 and 325 mg·g -1 , respectively. Five-cycle reusability tests demonstrated microspheres could be repeatedly used. All the results confirmed that PAMs which presented outstanding adsorption capability and reusability could be a good candidate for wastewater purification.