The study on the safety and efficacy of high intensity interval training (HIIT) in chronic heart failure (CHF) has been the hot spot of clinical research. Low and moderate intensity aerobic exercise is chosen for clinical intervention in CHF. It is concerned that more and more sports rehabilitation programs choose HIIT as a means of cardiac rehabilitation. This review summarizes the clinical effect of HIIT intervention on CHF in terms of maximum oxygen consumption (VO 2 max), vascular endothelial function, and cardiac function, and compares HIIT with other exercise training such as moderate intensity continuous training, moderate intensity interval training, and resistance training, in order to provide a reference for the safe and effective treatment of CHF patients with HIIT.

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary dis-ease,COPD)是一种以持续呼吸道症状和气流受限为主要表现特征的多系统性疾病[1].轻度认知功能障碍(mild cog-nitive impairment,MCI)是COPD患者常见并发症之一,是一种介于正常认知与失智(痴呆)之间的危险过渡状态[2].在COPD患者中,患MCI的人数是健康人群中人数的1.4倍[3].这严重影响患者疾病自我管理、心理状况以及生活质量,甚至可能导致COPD疾病严重程度的潜在误诊及肺康复计划的实施不佳,造成COPD住院率与死亡率的增加,给社会和家庭带来沉重的负担[4-7].因此,COPD患者MCI的早期识别、诊断及防治具有十分重要的意义.

目的:探究临床床旁案例学习模式在康复教学中的应用效果.方法:将选修《神经系统疾病物理治疗》的70例学生按照既往成绩绩点排序,进行配对设计,分为临床床旁案例学习组和课堂案例学习组各35例,比较分析2组学生案例操作成绩和小组案例汇报表现评分.采用《案例学习调查问卷》调研学生对临床床旁案例学习和课堂案例学习的反馈.结果:临床床旁案例学习组案例操作得分显著高于课堂案例学习组(P＜0.05);汇报内容,临床床旁案例学习组显著高于课堂案例组(P＜0.05).临床案例学习组问卷总分显著高于课堂案例学习组(P＜0.01);学生认为临床场旁案例学习模式对于增强专业知识的综合运用、批判性思维、自主学习、临床案例处理、医患沟通、团队合作等能力方面,显著高于课堂案例组(P＜0.05).问卷的一般频数统计结果提示超过90％的学生认为临床床旁案例教学有助于提高课程学习效果、自主学习能力、学生的人文关怀意识、临床思维能力、加强团队合作能力.结论:和课堂案例学习比较,临床床旁案例学习模式更有利于培养学生的专业知识的综合运用能力、临床思维能力、自主学习能力、团队合作能力.

膝骨关节炎(KOA)是多种因素导致的关节软骨渐进退行性疾病,常表现为关节疼痛肿胀和活动度下降,影响患者生活质量.肌内效贴是一种结合运用运动学及生物力学理论修复肌肉损伤的辅助物理治疗法,在临床也逐渐被选择作为治疗KOA的一种辅助手段.本文就肌内效贴在KOA的临床应用并从调节神经传递、加快循环代谢、提升本体感觉和改善肌肉力量等方面对其生物学作用机制进行综述.

痉挛型脑瘫患儿行走时因关节畸形和肌肉挛缩影响，多存在异常运动模式，严重影响患儿的生活质量。重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)是一项对痉挛型脑瘫患儿有效的辅助治疗方法。本文就rTMS治疗痉挛型脑瘫患儿运动功能的作用和机制做一综述，旨在为临床治疗和研究提供参考和借鉴。

Running is one of the most popular recreational sports activities and a commonly recommended sport in clinical rehabilitation. With the increasing demand and awareness of public fitness, the sports injury caused by improper running is also increasing, and it is important to improve the risk assessment and preventive intervention of running-related injury (RRI). RRI refers to a variety of lower limb and lower back discomfort that occurs during running practice or as a result of running, and affects the running activity. Among runners, the incidence of RRI is high and it is easy to relapse, and thus, applying effective preventive assessment tools and interventions is beneficial to reducing the incidence of RRI in potential populations. The current RRI prediction is mostly based on the past injury, incorrect posture and overwork factors, and in most of the time, it does not have a clear, intuitive numerical prediction of the occurrence probability of RRI. Predicting RRI by foot assessment is common, and related assessment tools and methods continue to appear, among which foot posture index (FPI-6) and plantar pressure assessment are currently widely used. By evaluating the structure and function of the runners' feet before running, and carrying out relevant training for the feet before and during running, the occurrence of RRI can be prevented and reduced, and it provides a basis for the scientific development of running training plan. This paper summarizes the common RRI foot assessment tools and reviews the current common foot intervention strategies for preventing RRI in the aspects of foot muscle training, foot strike pattern and pre-run adaptive training etc. It puts forward that runners can take RRI risk assessment before starting the running training plan and strengthen the weak parts of foot with reference to the neutral position FPI-6, plantar pressure distribution and arch form; runners can take a period of muscle strength training before increasing the intensity of running each time, and pay special attention to foot core muscle group training. For runners lack of ankle mobility and strength, the rear foot strike pattern is recommended, and runners with knee or calf injuries can choose the fore and mid foot strike patterns.

目的 评价康复治疗专业引进海外课程的教学质量.方法 本研究调研上海中医药大学康复医学院2014-2016年在校参加海外授课的学生,采用《课程调查反馈问卷》(学生版)进行问卷调查,评估海外引进课程的教学质量.结果 学生对海外引进教师授课效果的评价:94％的同学认为外聘教师的教学活动有效的帮助学生学习和掌握了该课程的主要知识;95％的同学认为外聘老师组织的教学、学习活动,例如案例学习、讨论式教学都很好的围绕教学目标展开.学生对课程考核方式的评价:92％的同学认为课程评价考核方式可以全面反应学生所学知识和技能.学生对课程学习负担的评价:67％的同学认为课程的学习负担适中,33％的同学认为学习负担较重.学生对教师的评价:90％的同学认为外聘老师逻辑清楚地完成整个课程的讲解;75％的同学认为外聘老师在授课过程中,融入了对学生职业规划、人文关怀的内容模块.结论 海外引进课程的教学质量得到了同学们的认可,可以满足当下康复教育的需求.加强学生专业英语学习、培养本土康复教育人才是当下发展康复教育的有效途径.

Objective To investigate the effect of icariin(ICA)on IL-1β-induced chondrocytes degeneration. Methods Primary chondrocytes isolated from articular cartilage of newborn rats were cultured in vitro and treated with icariin at 1×10-7, 1×10-6and 1×10-5mol/L. The cell proliferation was measured by MTT at 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 h. The cultured rat chondrocytes were than dividing into control group(N group), IL-1β-stimulated group(M group treated with IL-1β 10 ng/ml), ICA-L(1×10-7mol/L)and ICA-H(1×10-6mol/L)groups(IL-1β-stimulated cells treated with ICA). The concentrations of collagen-Ⅱ and glycosaminoglycan(GAG)in culture media after 72 h of intervention were determined by ELISA and the expressions of Col-Ⅱ,MMP13,Acan,Sox9 mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. Results 1×10-5mol/L ICA inhibited chondrocytes proliferation when intervened for 24 h,while promoted cell proliferation after 72 h;there was no significant difference between groups with and without ICA at 48 h or 60 h.ICA concentration at 1×10-7mol/L and 1×10-6mol/L both significantly promoted cell proliferation from 36 h to 72 h, but ICA at 1×10-7mol/L had no significant effect at 60 h.ICA at both concentration of 1×10-7mol/L and 1×10-6mol/L increased the GAG level in culture supernatant,but there was no significant change in Col-Ⅱlevel in ICA-H group. Compared with M group, the expression of Acan/Sox9 mRNA in ICA-L group and Col-ⅡmRNA in ICA-H group significantly went up,while MMP13 decreased in ICA-H group. Conclusion Icariin can affect the matrix microenvironment of chondrocytes, promote the phenotype gene expression and inhibit MMP13 mRNA expression,and further protects chondrocytes from IL-1β-induced degeneration.

Objective To observe the influence of five mimic-animal exercise on knee-joint muscle strength and balance capacity in middle-aged and elderly women.Methods 56 middle-aged and elderly women volunteers were divided into the intervention group and control group by the methods of quasi-experiment,28 cases in each group.Five mimic-animal exercise were performed in the intervention group and stretching exercises were performed in the control group,with a course of 12 months.The indexes of isokinetic test in knee-joint and the scores of Berg balance scale were observed and conpared.Results ① Comparison of different time points(T1 refers to treatment before,T2 and T3 refer to treatment for 6 and 12 months respectively) in the intervention group:For the comparison of peak torque/body weight (PW)in right knee extensors and left knee flexors,there were statistically significant differences between T1 and T2 (P ＜ 0.05);for the PW comparison in extensors and flexors of left and right knee,there were no statistically significant differences between T2 and T3 (P ＞ 0.05),there were statistically significant differences between T1 and T3 (P ＜ 0.05).Comparison of different time points in the control group:for the PW comparison in extensors and flexors of left and right knee,there were no statistically significant differences between T1 and T2,T2 and T3,T1 and T3 (P ＞ 0.05).②For the comparison in extensors of left and right knee at T3,there was statistically significant difference on PW between the two groups(P ＜ 0.05);while for the comparison in flexors of left and right knee at T3,there was no statistically significant difference on PW between the two groups(P ＞ 0.05).③Comparison of different time points in the intervention group:there were statistically significant differences on Berg scores between T1 and T2,T2 and T3,T1 and T3 (P ＜ 0.05).Comparison of different time points in the control group:there were statistically significant differences on Berg scores between T1 and T2,T1 and T3 (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no statistically significant difference on Berg score between T2 and T3 (P ＞ 0.05).There was statistically significant difference on Berg scores between the two groups at T3 (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Five mimicanimal exercise can improve the knee-joint muscle strength in middle-aged and elderly women,which slow down the muscle weakness and improve the balance capacity.

Objective:The purpose of this study was to compare the antifatigue effect of the Kidney-tonifying recipe before and after compatibility with penis of B.gruniens in rats.Method: The total of 55 male SD rats was randomly divided into four groups: control group(A group),training control group(B group),kidney-tonifying + training group(C group,2.7 g·kg-1·d-1),compatibility with penis of B.gruniens + training group(D group,3.8 g·kg-1·d-1).Chang of indices of body weight,hemoglobin content(Hb),creatine kinase(CK),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),liver glycogen(HG),serum testosterone(T),serum cortisol(Cor) and T/C ratio were tested after heavy load swimming training for 8 weeks in each training group.Result: Compared with A group,body weight of B and D group was lower(P<0.05 and P<0.01);BUN,CK level was lower(P<0.05 and P<0.01) and HG level was obviously higher(P<0.05),T and T/C ratio had upward tendency and Cor had downward tendency,but no remarkable significance in D group compared with B group;HG level of D group was significantly higher than C group(P<0.01).Conclusion: Compatibility of the Kidney-tonifying Recipe with Penis of B.gruniens has the superiority in resisting fatigue by increasing HG,decreasing CK and BUN.

颈椎病是临床常见病和多发病,发病趋向低龄化.中医推拿是临床治疗颈椎病常用的一种相对经济的治疗方法.本文就近5年来中医推拿治疗颈椎病的临床研究进行了归纳和阐述,为临床应用中医推拿治疗颈椎病提供参考,并提出临床应用中医推拿治疗颈椎病的趋势.

Using the method of experiment,132 experimental male mice which are randomly divided into 12 groups:normal group,Radix Ginseng group,Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae group and the combined groups(nine groups totally),To investigate the effect of the combined groups on the swimming time,serum lactic acid,index of testis and find the most sutible dose of the drugs.Which shows that compared with normal group,Radix Ginseng group,Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae group and some of the combined groups can decrease the serum lactic acid after mice’s swimming,prolong the time of mice’s swimming time;and all have the tendency in promote the index of testis but the combined group(0.5∶1.0).The best ratio of the combination is 1.0 to 0.5(2∶1)i,t is better than used Radix Ginseng only.