Piston is one of vulnerable parts in drilling pump,and its malfunction occurs mostly during its work process.The simulation of piston work process was made with the finite element analysis software,the nephograms of piston stress and displacement was acquired,and the nephograms of its contact stress and friction stress was acquired as well.Through the analysis,the piston's contact stress distributed rule curve was obtained when piston lip had different shrink ranges and lip angles.

With the further development of drilling engineering,new requirements on the improvement of the bit structure are proposed.In this paper,using the method of computer simulation,on the basis of the cone bit geometry and kinematics models and the interaction model of bit and rock,the established models are solved through the MATALB programming.To resolve the problems of the running efficiency and the complex operation,VB.NET is used to compile the interface.The model file is transformed into.NET component(DLL file) through the MATLAB compiler,realizing the alternation with VB.NET and the development of the simulation software.By using this software to carry out the breaking rock process of cone bit simulation,the cutter bit figure,arbitrary bottom-hole pattern and drilling rate can be obtained.This is very important to the optimization design of bits.

In order to solve defects of the crankshaft structure of the traditional drilling pump, a novel crankshaft is presented, using four support structures, which reduces the span of the crankshaft support and enhances the stiffness and improves the load-bearing situation.According to the use of ANSYS-finite element analysis software, this paper checks stiffness and strength of the new crankshaft, verifies the reasonableness of the structure.It reaches the conclusion that the structure can meet the design requirements.

气体钻井技术是指在钻井过程中使用气体作为循环介质的钻井技术。一套完整的气体钻井设备主要由气体发生装置、井口压力控制设备、专用井下工具、岩屑排放相关装置及其他辅助设备组成。其工艺流程是钻井气体先经压缩机加压并经过降温等相应处理,再由增压机加压到预定钻井压力后,依次通过立管及钻具组合到达井底,完成冷却钻头、携带岩屑的任务,进而从钻杆和井壁之间的环空返回井口。气体钻井技术具有工艺流程简单、循环介质价格低廉、环境污染小等优点,在我国有着较为广阔的研究和应用前景。

Piston of drilling pump is an important component in the production, and its length of the useful life will directly affect the production efficiency. Based on the principle of the work of traditional piston and the analysis of the forces situation and, in conjunction with its existing problems in using,the paper designs a new single-function piston.

In drilling process of high sulphur content oil gas field,cutter ram was apt to fail,which was exposed in hydrogen sulfide,and it was possible to be corroded and cracked under sulphide stress,causing drill pipe not to be cut quickly and a serious accident developed finally.To avoid the occurrence of this phenomenon,a new proposal of using water jet cutting technology in place of cutter ram cut drill pipe and drill collar was developed.By analyzing the mechanism and the property of abrasive water jet cutting,the feasibility of abrasive water jet cutting technology in place of cutter ram cut drill pipe and drill collar were obtained theoretically.Only the appropriate parameters was selected and cutting time was controlled within the set closing time,abrasive water jet cutting technology could replace cutter ram.

The wellhead device is the important apparatus in the oil /gas production,its performance's quality involves whether the oil/gas well could be produced safely and high-efficiently.On the base of introduction the overall current development situation of the foreign wellhead devices and the improvement situations of its every part structure,the article has pointed out the deficiencies of the present wellhead device of our country.Meanwhile,it also has put forward the suggestions on the development of the wellhead device of our country in the future.

采油(气)井口装置是油气生产的重要设备,其性能的优劣关系到油气井能否安全、高效地生产.本文在介绍国外井口装置的总体发展现状及井口装置各部件结构的改进情况的基础上,指出了当前我国井口装置存在的不足.同时也对我国井口装置今后的发展提出了建议.

技职院校唯有强化办学品质,从师资、课程、设备、教学与服务等方面,着手来提升品质与竞争力,方能立于不败之地。学校的有效经营与管理,是提升品质的捷径,而有效的经营与管理首重人才的网罗与培育,有优秀的人才与制度就有办学绩优的学校。

Taiwan technical and vocational education experienced unsmooth developing process.The auther introuduce several critical period of Taiwan technical and vocational education from the view point of de-mards, idea replacing, international cooperation, development of nongovermental school and popularization of higher education had promoted the development of Taiwan Technical and Vocational education, and made it speed up the pace with social progress and scientific developing.

一、前言 台湾技职教育的发展过程犹如一部台湾经济发展史.台湾光复初期,百废待兴,教育也是延续旧制,技职教育仍在萌芽阶段,当时的技职教育体系仅止于高级职业学校(类似大陆学制的职业高中).其课程内容仍然依照日治时代传承下来的"综合职业型"课程,学习范围过于宽广,实习操作的时数不足,学生不能专精,高职学生没有进修通道,是以全部就业为导向的教育目标.

一、新世纪世界高等职业技术教育的发展趋势 新世纪高等职业教育的一个发展的趋势,朝哪几个大方向发展? 一是朝向国际化.WTO以后,大家都重视这个问题.像ISO、TSO的标准全世界认同,我们要跟企业结合,我们办学内容一定要朝向国际化.

为了建设"科技岛",追求卓越的技职教育,兹将目前高等技职教育所面临的挑战与因应策略概述如下: 1.塑造技专院校的专业地位与尊严.近来岛内外社会环境变化甚巨,技职教育正面临巨大挑战,尤其是时值推行"振兴经济方案"、建立"亚太营运中心"与"台湾科技岛"、准备加入"世界贸易组织"之际,技职教育因而处于由计划导向转而朝市场导向发展的关键时刻.

台湾高等技职教育涵盖科技大学与技术学院、专科学校两个层级.在学制上,科技大学与技术学院分大学部与研究所两部分.大学部含四年制、二年制,分普通班与在职班两种班别;二年制招收专科学校毕业生,四年制招收职高毕业生,毕业时授予学士学位.研究所则设有硕士班及博士班,其中硕士班分为普通班与在职专业班两种班别,毕业后分别授予硕士学位与博士学位.