Objective To explore the effects of graphical method in perioperative health education for aged patients undergoing thoracic surgical procedures.Methods Totally 68 patients were randomly divided into experimental group(n=35) and control group(n=33).The experimental group was implemented perioperative health education by graphical method,and the control group was implemented traditional health education.The health education effects were compared.Results The experimental group was better in knowledge level about disease and medical compliance than the control group(P0.05).The detaining time of thoracic drainage tube and hospitalization days after the operation of the experimental group were shorter than those of the control group(P0.05).There were significant differences in the incidence of lung complication between the two groups(P0.05).Conclusions Application of graphical method in health education can improve aged patients' compliance,decrease the incidence of lung complication,shorten hospitalization days,and promote the patients' recovery.

目的探讨自制红丹油剂治疗Ⅱ期压疮的疗效,寻找一种新的简单有效的压疮处理方法。方法将40例(60处)Ⅱ期压疮患者随机分为观察组(20例,28处)和对照组(20例,32处),观察组采用自制红丹油剂治疗,对照组采用湿润烧伤膏治疗,比较两组压疮愈合时间及治疗效果。结果观察组治疗效果显著优于对照组,治愈时间显著短于对照组(均P<0.01)。结论自制红丹油剂用于治疗Ⅱ期压疮的疗效明显优于湿润烧伤膏,是一种更为理想的简单有效的压疮治疗方法。

压疮是长期卧床患者最常见的并发症之一,其中难治不愈的Ⅲ期以上的褥疮常导致患者全身感染或器官衰竭,从而造成严重后果.本文应用吹氧与监控管理的方法,对压疮有较好的疗效.现报告如下.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of compositive chest physiotherapy for the prevention of atelectasis after thoracotomy in the elderly patients.Methods Sixty-eight elderly patients after thoracotomy were randomly divided into two groups, the experimental group adopted compositive chest physiotherapy(n = 35), the control group were given the traditional chest physiotherapy(n = 33).The factors considered included the action abide by doctor,the effect of expectoration, the improvement difference of PaO2 ,PaCO2 , SaO2 by blood gas analysis, the incidence of atelectasis.Results There were significant differences in the action abide by doctor and the effect of expectoration. After intervention, the improvement difference of PaO2 ,PaCO2 and SaO2 were significant higher than that of the control group(P <0.05); The rates of atelectasis were 5.71% (2 cases) and 27.27% (9 cases) in experimental group and control group respectively (P < 0.05).Conclusions Compositive chest physiotherapy is superior to traditional physiotherapy for elderly patients in pedoperation, which can clear sputum more effectively, improve blood oxygen partial pressure and lung expansion, also can prevent pest-operative atelectasis more effectively in the elderly patients.

经尿道前列腺等离子电切治疗前列腺增生具有创伤小,恢复快,疗效确切等优点,临床广泛应用.术后为防止血凝块形成,常常用无菌生理盐水进行膀胱冲洗.2007年2月-2008年12月我院对经尿道前列腺等离子电切治疗前列腺增生的患者应用密闭式间断膀胱冲洗,观效果较显著,介绍如下.

0bjective To explore the effect of the improved momtoring methods on bedsore nursing. Methods On basis of Watedow Seore in Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment,to design the recording sheets abeut pressure sore,to implement the macroscopic supervision of nursing department,the superintend and directing monitoring of general head nurse,and the direct supervision of ward head nurses as the microcosmic supervision of responsible group leader,were carried out and finally compared with the same period in 2006.Results On the outcome of original bedsores,there was significant diffeience between the control group and the improvement group,as well as on the incidence of inevitable bedsores on difierent risk grades.Conclusions Careful evaluation on risk factors of patients is the key to the prevention of bedsores.The level-division tracking supervision is the important guarantee of prevention and treatment of bedsore.Defined population of inevitable bedsores is the emphasis on implementing precautious and supervising.Three improved recording sheets mainly provide basic information for nursing management and scientific research,and improving monitoring methods promotes more scientific,standardized and humanized bedsore management.

目的 探讨不同拔除导尿管方法对减少再发尿潴留的影响.方法 将入选的100例患者随机分为对照组和实验组.对照组在膀胱空虚时直接拔管,实验组在膀胱充盈时缓慢抽净气囊内液体,再注入0.5 ml的生理盐水后顺时针旋转拔管.结果 对照组在拔管后有效排尿成功率为84%,实验组有效排尿成功率为96%,拔除尿管后尿道刺激程度两组比较均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 膀胱充盈时拔管优十膀胱空虚时拔管,抽出气囊内液体后再注入少许液体及缓慢旋转的手法可减少尿道刺激程度.观察组拔管方法简单易行,值得推广应用。

目的探讨焦虑心理干预对全髋关节置换术患者早期康复的影响。方法随机分为干预组和对照组,应用焦虑自评量表、患者满意度调查表、Harris评分表,针对焦虑的具体情况提供解释、保证、鼓励、指导等支持性心理护理。结果干预组焦虑状况明显改善,Harris评分及满意度均高于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论焦虑心理干预对全髋关节置换术患者早期康复的效果满意,心理康复对肢体功能的康复起着重要作用。

人文关怀就是"以人为本",重视人的因素,承认人的价值和主体地位,关注人的生存状况,对人的尊严与符合人性的生活条件等的肯定[1].对护理人员来说,人文关怀也就是人文护理,是为了改善患者生活状况与方式而直接去协助支持及促进的一种行为,是护理专业的核心与精髓.我们在对择期手术患者进行需求调查的基础上,推出了手术前中后人文关怀服务,取得了较好的效果,现报道如下.

静脉输液是临床中最常见的给药途径之一,在治疗中起着重要的作用.输液时须由护士不断巡视,或由家属陪护,或者输液将结束时由患者按压床头传呼器,否则昏迷患者或患者熟睡,液体输完空气进入血管可造成生命危险.

情商既情绪商数[1](emotional quotient)或称情感商数,英文缩写为EQ.它是近几年由美国导入的概念.是指一个人对自己情绪的把握与控制,对他人情绪的揣摩与驾驭,对人生乐观情绪程度和面临挫折时的承受能力.随着整体护理的深入开展,护士职业尤其强调"以人为本"、"以病人为中心"的服务宗旨.而EQ的内容特征,正是以病人为中心的护理服务中护士所必备的心理素质.一年来我们把EQ这个人文科学知识运用于护理工作中,介绍如下:

全髋关节置换术( THA)后,为使患者尽快恢复患肢功能,减少并发症,在短期内生活自理.对 THA后患者实施康复护理,取得明显效果.

目的 通过分析产科病历中医院感染发病情况和原因，以期引起重视，采取切实有效的措施，降低医院感染率。方法 对4年来产科母婴同室5108例出院病历进行总结分析。结果 感染271例次，其中剖宫产感染162例，阴式产感染109例次；感染271例中产妇感染169例，其中上呼吸道感染居首位为46.75%，其次为切口感染、肠炎及其他，分别为26.63%、14.20%和12.42%；感染271例中，新生儿感染117例，其中脓疱疮居多为41.88%，其次为肠炎、上呼吸道感染、其他；分析4年来的感染率呈逐年下降的趋势，剖宫产感染率从1995年的17.11%，依年下降为8.11%、6.84%、6.92%；阴式产感染率从1995年的4.47%，依年下降为3.18%、2.34%、2.34%。结论 新生儿体液免疫未完善、防御机制未成熟、产妇体力消耗、失血等削减机体抵抗力，尤其是手术创伤使致病菌易伺机侵入，引起局部或全身感染，因此，为降低感染率和降低剖宫产率，必须采取综合管理措施。

目的:为了强化临床教学管理,科学评估教学方法及效果,提高教学质量.方法 :采用双向评价法,即通过定期发放自制评价表由护生对教师,教师对护生进行教与学的评价.结果 : 护生所在科室的教学管理、带教个人及教学质量和护生实习情况均处于优良水平,教学互长.结论:双向评价可及时发现教学管理中的不足,及时反馈信息,有利于发挥师生双方主观能动性.