[目的]分析对大豆胞囊线虫3号生理小种抗性不同的红小豆根际土壤细菌群落多样性,探明根际细菌群落构成与红小豆品种抗性之间的相关性.[方法]2021年7月在黑龙江省黑河市取4个不同抗性红小豆的根际土壤,利用Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术,对4个不同抗性红小豆品种在大豆胞囊线虫3号生理小种胁迫下根际土壤细菌16SrDNA基因组测序,分析受大豆胞囊线虫侵染的红小豆根际土壤细菌群落结构的变化.[结果]4个不同抗性红小豆根际土壤样品中共获得1959个OTUs,鉴定到细菌的30个门、85个纲、192个目、296个科、481个属、893个种.其中放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)、绿弯菌门(Chlorofexi)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadota)是 5 个优势菌门,鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)、norank f__norank_o_Gaiellales、norank_f__norank_o__Acidobacteriales、芽单胞菌属(Gemmatimonas)、芽球 菌属(Blastococcus)是 5 个优势菌属.感病红小豆品种根际土壤中的放线菌门、变形菌门及芽单胞菌门的平均相对丰度均低于抗病品种,与植物抗病性相关的芽单胞菌属和鞘氨醇单胞菌属在红小豆抗病品种辽红1号和免疫品种冀红9218的根际土壤中相对丰度高.[结论]不同抗性的红小豆在大豆胞囊线虫3号生理小种胁迫下根际土壤中细菌群落结构发生改变,抗病品种根际土壤中拮抗性细菌种群相对丰度高,说明红小豆根际土壤细菌群落结构可能与种质对胞囊线虫病的抗性具有相关性.

Objective Full-length cDNA of Caffeoyl-CoA-O-methyltransferase gene (CCoAOMT) in the lignin metabolism pathway of soybean was cloned, and bioinformatics analyzed to study the resistance mechanism to cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) of the plant.MethodCCoAOMT sequence from roots of a cyst nematode-resistant Huipizhiheidou soybean plant was cloned by RT-PCR. Results The full length cDNA of GmCCoAOMT was cloned and then submitted to GenBank with the accession number of MW480860. The length of GmCCoAOMT was 848 bp, containing an ORF of 741bp and encoding 246 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 27.6 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 5.67. It was located in the cytoplasm with a conserved AdoMet_MTases domain and belonged to that superfamily. The multiple alignment on amino acid sequence and phylogenetic tree indicated a high similarity between the gene and those of other leguminous plants. Conclusion The cDNA of GmCCoAOMT was successfully cloned and shown with a close evolutionary relationship with Vigna unguiculata (Linn.) Walp., Cajanus cajan (Linn.) Millsp., Phaseolus vulgaris Linn. and Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi et Ohashi but far from Lupinus albus and Cicer arietinum Linn.

Small auxin-up RNA（SAUR）gene family is the most important family of early auxin response genes in higher plants.We identified the SAUR family genes in melon,analyzed the gene structure,evolutionary relationship,gene duplication relationship,and gene tissue expression level using bioinformatics methods.The results showed that a total of 66 SAUR genes were identified in the melon genome,and the number of SAUR genes distributed on chromosomes 1 and 11 was much higher.Phylogenetic trees were constructed based on the full-length amino acid sequences of SAUR family genes in melon,Arabidopsis,watermelon,and cucumber by the maximum likelihood method,and SAUR genes can be classified into 5 groups.The SAUR genes of melon and Arabidopsis tended to be distributed in different branches on the evolutionary tree,while the SAUR genes of melon,watermelon and cucumber tended to cluster together.A total of 6 tandem duplication events and 11 segmental duplication gene pairs were identified.In addition,13genes could form gene pairs in all six species.Eight cis-acting elements were related to abiotic and biotic stress responses,10 cis-acting elements were related to plant hormone responses,and 8 cis-acting elements were related to plant growth and development.The expression levels of melon SAUR family genes were different in different tissues and developmental stages of melon.

早开堇菜(Viola prionantha Bunge)又名早花地丁,是一种具有药用价值的多年生草本植物,也是一种美丽的早春观赏植物.2020年在黑龙江省哈尔滨市发现一种早开堇菜叶斑病,为了明确引起这种病害的病原菌,采用组织分离法,对病原菌进行形态学和分子生物学鉴定,再通过柯赫氏法则进行验证.结果表明,引起哈尔滨地区早开堇菜叶斑病的病原菌为楸子茎点霉(Didymella pomorum),它的分生孢子单胞无色,长椭圆形,大小为4.60～8.06 μm×2.38～3.81 μm,该病菌在PDA培养基上生长良好,菌丝浓密,呈绒毛状.本研究报道的关于楸子茎点霉引起的早开堇菜叶斑病为首次报道,今后要加强对早开堇菜叶斑病发生规律和防治药剂筛选的研究.

"课程思政"是新时代高校深入落实立德树人根本任务的重要举措,新农科建设为全国涉农高校进一步推动"课程思政"建设提供了新的契机.以东北农业大学植物保护专业的一门基础实验技能培养的核心课程"植物病原学实验"为例,详细介绍了教学团队开展"课程思政"建设过程中的具体实践探索与思考,以期为涉农高校植物保护专业教师开展"课程思政"教学改革提供借鉴.

苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)是我国畜牧业发展的优质豆科牧草,而病害、虫害、草害是限制苜蓿生长及品质的主要原因.本文收集了我国近40年来的有关资料,对苜蓿病虫害的种类进行科学分类,制作出了苜蓿病害和苜蓿部分虫害的种类名录,对主要病虫害的分布及防治措施进行了综述;收集近20年我国各地区调查的苜蓿地杂草的相关资料进行归纳统计,整理苜蓿杂草名录,为畜牧业发展及苜蓿病虫草害绿色防控提供理论依据.

以植物保护专业基础课程植物病原学为例,分析"课程思政"融入专业课教学的现实意义,探索植物病原学融入思想政治教育的实践路径,讨论在实际教学过程中"课程思政"存在的问题,并提出相应的解决办法,以期为涉农高校植保专业教师进行"课程思政"教学改革提供借鉴,也为培养新型农业人才、助推新农科建设起到一定的作用.

我国是一个农业大国,农作物秸秆资源非常丰富,但大量资料显示,我国的秸秆利用率并不高,大部分的秸秆被丢弃或就地焚烧,带来了诸多的问题.部分秸秆对农作物病虫草害具有一定的防治作用,而不同的秸秆、不同的应用方式对农作物病虫草害的影响也有所不同.因此,该研究分别从病、虫、草3个方面阐述了作物秸秆在农作物病虫草害防治中的应用方式和方法,为提高作物秸秆的利用率提供参考依据.

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (FOC) is one of the most destructive pathogens in many cucumber-growing countries around the globe. There is still lack of high-resistant cucumber cultivars against this pathogen, and the use of fungicides is threatening the environmental conditions. However, biocontrol is an environment-friendly technique in plant protection. In this regard, the present work was aimed to screen antagonistic bacterial strains from vermicompost to against FOC in cucumber. Using the dilution-plate method, 374 bacterial strains were isolated from fresh vermicompost. A total of 28 bacterial strains showed antagonistic activity against FOC, among which strain D2 exhibited the best inhibitory effect on the growth of FOC, with the diameter of the growth inhibition zone of 28.28 mm. Then strain D2 was classified and identified based on the morphology and colony characteristics, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence homology. For molecular identification, a 1,462-bp fragment of 16S rDNA of strain D2 was obtained. Based on its morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, strain D2 was identified as Burkholderia cenocepacia.

农业植物病理学是植物保护专业的核心主干课程,在植物保护人才培养中占有重要的地位,在"双一流"建设背景下,东北农业大学农业植物病理学课程构建了具有北方寒地特色的课程知识体系和网络教学资源.以学生为中心,注重科研与教学融合、理论与实践并重,采用启发式与讨论式相结合的互动式教学模式,更新了教学手段,改革了课程考核方式,学生创新能力和实践能力大大提高.

小天蓝绣球Phlox drummondii Hook.,又名雁来红、金山海棠、福禄考,是一种极具观赏性的一年生草本植物,在我国北方被用来城市绿化.在小天蓝绣球的生长过程中,白粉病已成为其所患病害中发生最为严重的一种,给小天蓝绣球产业造成了巨大的损失,也使其丧失了美化城市的功能.本研究以东北农业大学园艺实验站的小天蓝绣球病叶为材料,对其病原菌进行形态学和分子生物学鉴定,明确其分类地位,为小天蓝绣球白粉病的科学防治提供依据.结果 表明:小天蓝绣球白粉病菌主要侵染叶片,叶片正面布满白色粉层,后期叶片上产生黑褐色的小点,即闭囊壳.闭囊壳直径80～160 μm,附属丝菌丝状,长度30～210 μm,子囊多个,一个子囊内含有子囊孢子2～8个,分生孢子为粉孢子.对病原菌的ITS序列进行PCR扩增,得到561 bp的序列(GenBank登录号:MN209867),在GenBank上进行BLAST比对,确定此病菌为Golovinomyces mag nicellulatus.

为了探究饲粮能量水平对产蛋后期(50～60周龄)肉种鸡胴体品质及肉品质的影响,试验将健康机体状况一致的49周龄AA肉种鸡270羽随机分为3组,分别为高能量组(H组)、对照组(N组)和低能量组(L组),N组饲喂基础饲粮,H组和L组饲粮能量水平分别是N组的120％和80％,进行70 d的饲养试验,试验结束后进行胴体品质和肉品质的测定.结果 表明:产蛋后期肉种鸡腹脂率、肌间脂带宽随饲粮能量水平降低极显著降低(P＜0.01).与N组相比,L组胸肌红度值(a*值)显著升高(P＜0.05);与H组相比,L组肌肉剪切力显著升高(P＜0.05),胸肌pH24值降低,肌肉粗蛋白含量显著升高(P＜0.05),粗脂肪含量极显著降低(P＜0.01).说明降低饲粮能量水平(80％)可有效降低产蛋后期肉种鸡腹脂率及肌间脂带宽,提高肌肉红度,改善胴体品质及肉品质.

热激转录因子(heat shock transcription factor,Hsf)是植物胁迫抗性调控中的一类重要因子,在植物胁迫应答和生长发育调控中起着关键作用.本试验基于甜瓜(Cucumis melo L.)基因组数据,利用生物信息学手段对CmHsf家族进行鉴定,并对其基因结构、位置信息、系统发育、共线性关系及启动子等进行了分析.结果 表明:在甜瓜基因组数据中共鉴定到22个CmHsf基因家族成员,这些基因不均匀地分布在11条染色体上,所有基因均含有内含子,且内含子数量大多为1～2个;根据蛋白结构和系统发育分析,CmHsf可被分为3个类群,各类群数量不等,与其他植物Hsf基因在类群划分上具有一定的相似性;在与模式植物拟南芥进行同源进化分析中,系统进化树将所有的CmHsf基因家族聚为3类;在共线性分析中,甜瓜共有19个基因与黄瓜、西瓜存在共线性关系;在启动子分析中,鉴定到脱落酸、茉莉酸、生长素、赤霉素以及干旱、低温、机械损伤等信号响应顺式作用元件.

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 104, No. 5First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Golovinomyces magnicellulatus on Phlox drummondii in China PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Golovinomyces magnicellulatus on Phlox drummondii in ChinaDawei Liu, Qiyue Liu, Peng Zhang, Kefei Tan, and Jingsheng ChenDawei Liuhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-1096-8464Division of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Qiyue LiuDivision of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Peng ZhangDivision of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Kefei TanQiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, 161006, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, and Jingsheng Chen†Corresponding author: J. Chen; E-mail Address: jingsheng6673182@163.comhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-9727-1998Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Daqing, 163316, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Dawei Liu1 Qiyue Liu1 Peng Zhang1 Kefei Tan2 Jingsheng Chen3 † 1Division of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China 2Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, 161006, China 3Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Daqing, 163316, China Published Online:8 Mar 2020https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-19-1319-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Phlox drummondii Hook., belonging to the Polemoniaceae, is an annual herbaceous ornamental plant that is used for urban landscaping in the north of China. Unfortunately, the parasitic powdery mildew pathogen could thrive on P. drummondii, which could render the plant unsightly and weakened. During summer and the following autumn 2017, more than 90% of the plants were affected in the Horticultural Experimental Station of Northeast Agricultural University Harbin, China. Symptoms first appeared as circular to irregular white spots on both sides of leaves and then spread to entire leaves. Subsequently, abundant chasmothecia were formed on the surface of leaves. Voucher specimens were deposited in the herbarium of Harbin Normal University (HANU0623). Conidiophores produce two to five immature conidia in chains with sinuate edge lines, and conidia were ellipsoid and 25 to 32 × 13 to 17 μm. Chasmothecia were dark brown, spherical, 80 to 160 μm in diameter, and contained several asci. Appendages were mycelioid, 0.5 to 4 times as long as the chasmothecial diameter, and one- to five-septate. Asci were shortly stalked, 45 to 65 × 25 to 36 μm, and contained two ascospores. Ascospores were ellipsoid or ovoid and 18 to 25 × 12.5 to 15.5 μm. The complete ITS rDNA of this pathogen was amplified with primers ITS1/ITS4 and directly sequenced; the sequence was deposited in GenBank (accession no. MN209867) and analyzed by the BLASTn feature of GenBank. Amplicons were 561 bp, and the ITS sequences showed 99% (560/561 bp) identity with a sequence of Golovinomyces magnicellulatus on Phlox paniculata (AB077621) from Japan and 99% (557/560 bp) with that of G. magnicellulatus on P. paniculata (MK779058) from China. Therefore, the sequence analysis confirmed the identity of the pathogen as G. magnicellulatus. A pathogenicity test was conducted by gently pressing an infected leaf onto leaves of five healthy plants, and five noninoculated plants served as a control. Powdery mildew symptoms were observed on inoculated leaves after 7 days, whereas the control plants remained symptomless. The fungus on inoculated leaves was morphologically identical to that observed on the original diseased leaves, fulfilling Koch’s postulates. Powdery mildew on Physalis alkekengi in China and P. paniculata in Korea and Italy all caused by G. magnicellulatus have been identified and reported (Garibaldi et al. 2016; Liang et al. 2013; Park et al. 2010). To our knowledge, this is the first report of powdery mildew caused by G. magnicellulatus on P. drummondii in northeastern China.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References: Garibaldi, A., et al. 2016. J. Plant Pathol. 98:176. Google ScholarLiang, C., et al. 2013. Plant Dis. 97:1382. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-03-13-0328-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarPark, M. J., et al. 2010. Plant Pathol. J. 26:295. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.2010.26.3.295 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Funding: This research was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (project no. LH2019C034).DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 104, No. 5 May 2020SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionSymptoms observed in the field on zucchini plants caused by Fusarium solani f. sp. cucurbitae (A. Pérez-Hernández et al.). Photo credit: J. M. Gómez-Vázquez. Peach tree with excavated root collar (S. B. Miller et al.). Photo credit: G. Schnabel. Metrics Article History Issue Date: 3 May 2020Published: 8 Mar 2020First Look: 5 Jan 2020Accepted: 30 Dec 2019 Pages: 1547-1547 Information© 2020 The American Phytopathological SocietyFundingNatural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang ProvinceGrant/Award Number: LH2019C034Keywordspowdery mildewGolovinomyces magnicellulatusPhlox drummondiiChinaThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Cited byFlaming Phlox and the Ubiquitous Powdery Mildew DiseaseCoralie Farinas, Pablo S. Jourdan, and Francesca Peduto Hand20 November 2020 | Plant Health Progress, Vol. 22, No. 1Full Issue PDF16 February 2022 | Plant Health Progress, Vol. 22, No. 1

土壤改良剂通过增加土壤肥力,改善土壤结构根际微生物群落组成,提高植物抗病性,用来控制植物病害.一系列土壤改良剂,如动物粪便、植物残体、几丁质材料、蛋白质废弃物、矿物质肥料等,已用来防治植物寄生线虫.尽管一些改良剂对线虫控制效果并不总是令人满意,甚至一些研究结果存在争议,但土壤改良剂作为一种传统的生物防治策略,符合环保及健康理念,价格低廉,使用方便,受到各国普遍重视.不同改良剂杀(抑)线虫种群的作用机制不同,了解这些材料在施用过程中的杀(抑)线虫机理,有助于改良剂的利用,提高防治效果.该研究综述了土壤改良剂的主要类型,杀(抑)线作用方式及作用机理,讨论了在防治线虫过程中存在的问题及今后研究方向,以期为土壤改良剂的研究及应用提供借鉴.

In the experiment, the effects of maternal dietary energy restriction on carcase, meat quality and antioxidant capacity in broilers were evaluated. A total of 400 25-weeks-old Arbour Acres broiler breeder female birds were randomly assigned to four groups (T1, T2, T3 and T4) with different dietary metabolisable energy levels (11.70, 9.36, 8.19 and 5.85 MJ kg−1). Female birds were restrictively fed same intake. Broilers from different maternal dietary energy were fed diets similar in nutrients contents during deferent growth period. Low maternal energy decreased egg weight and offspring hatch weight. T2 group got a higher thigh muscle percentage of 28-d-old offspring and a higher body weight of 49-d-old offspring than T1 group. Abdominal fat percentage of 49-d-old offspring in T3 group was increased. Low maternal energy increased intramuscular fat (IMF) contents in 28-d-old offspring breast and 49-d-old offspring thigh. 49-d-old offspring in T2 and T3 groups got lower drip loss and higher meat colour value. T2 and T3 groups had higher total superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in offspring muscles and lower malondialdehyde level. A higher glutathione peroxidase mRNA expression in breast muscle was found in T2 group. Maternal dietary energy restriction altered egg weight and offspring hatch weight. Appropriate reduction of maternal dietary energy made chickens fattier and increased the antioxidant capacity of offspring muscles.Highlights It is well known that embryo development and postnatal growth are influenced by maternal nutritional supply. This paper shows that 9.36 MJ ME/kg diet for hens during laying period is better for broiler to achieve greater slaughter weight and body antioxidant capacity. This paper indicated that maternal dietary energy restriction affected fat accumulation and antioxidant capacity of offspring. Maternal nutritional management may become a way to regulate the quality of chickens through.

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 103, No. 4First Report of Cucumber Target Leaf Spot, Corynespora cassiicola, on Cucumber in Heilongjiang, Northeastern China PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Cucumber Target Leaf Spot, Corynespora cassiicola, on Cucumber in Heilongjiang, Northeastern ChinaD. W. Liu, D. Liu, Q. Y. Liu, D. Zhang, L. Tao, and Y. J. ZhangD. W. Liuhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-1096-8464Division of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, D. LiuDivision of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Q. Y. LiuDivision of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, D. ZhangDivision of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, L. TaoDivision of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, and Y. J. Zhang†Corresponding author: Y. J. Zhang; E-mail: E-mail Address: [email protected]Division of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations D. W. Liu D. Liu Q. Y. Liu D. Zhang L. Tao Y. J. Zhang † Division of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, China Published Online:29 Jan 2019https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-18-1504-PDNAboutSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is a widely cultivated plant in the gourd family worldwide. However, cucumber is susceptible to many pathogens and insects, which results in a great deal of economic losses. Cucumber target leaf spot is an important disease caused by Corynespora cassiicola, which has been documented in Liaoning, Shandong, Shanghai, Henan, Hebei, Gansu, and Ningxia Provinces in mainland China (Li et al. 2009; Liu et al. 2012; Wang et al. 1997; Zeng et al. 2011). In June 2013, a survey for cucumber target leaf spot was undertaken in the cities of Harbin, Qiqihar, Mudanjiang, and Jiamusi of Heilongjiang Province. The results showed that the disease was only observed in Harbin. However, the pathogen spread quickly and reoccurred in other cities of Heilongjiang Province including Daqing, Jiamusi, Mudanjiang, Qiqihar, and Suihua. An accurate diagnosis is necessary for effective and economic management of the disease; therefore, an attempt was made to reaffirm the cause of the disease in these new locations. To isolate the pathogen, leaf tissues (5 × 5 mm) were cut from the lesion margin, surface disinfected in 75% alcohol for 15 s, soaked in 0.1% mercuric chloride for 20 s, washed with sterile distilled water three times, and cultured on potato dextrose agar at 28°C for 7 days. Subsequent colonies were gray or dark brown with aerial mycelium. Conidia formed as single spores or in chains and were straight or curved, cylindrical, or obclavate. Conidia ranged in size from 19.68 to 149.93 × 3.69 by 15.51 µm and had 1 to 12 pseudoseptations with a conspicuous thickened hilum. Based on morphological and cultural characters, the fungus was preliminarily identified as Corynespora cassiicola (Zheng et al. 2016). To confirm the identity of the fungus, genomic DNA was extracted with a DNA isolation kit (UNIQ-10 Column Fungal Genomic DNA Isolation Kit, Shanghai), amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was performed with primers ITS1 (TCCGTAGGTGAACCTGCGG) and ITS2 (TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC), and the purified polymerase chain reaction product was sequenced. A GenBank BLAST search revealed that the ITS sequences showed 100% similarity with that of C. cassiicola isolated from cucumber (JQ595296.1; JQ595297.1). Additionally, the specific primer pair CIR5 (GGACCCACCACAAACCCA) and CIF5 (ACAGACGCCCAAACACCAA) was used to identify the fungus; BLAST analysis showed the sequence was 99% identical with C. cassiicola (FJ594961.1). Morphologic characters and sequence analysis of the ITS rDNA confirmed that the pathogen was C. cassiicola. A pathogenicity test was conducted on intact plants according to Koch’s postulates. Fresh leaves were washed with sterile water and inoculated by spraying with a conidial suspension (1 × 105/ml). Sterile water served as a control. All samples were incubated in a growth chamber at 27°C. Symptoms typical of target leaf spot developed on the leaves after 7 days, but control samples remained healthy. The morphology of reisolated pathogen from symptomatic tissues was consistent with that on diseased lesions. To our knowledge, this is the first report of cucumber target leaf spot in Heilongjiang province, northeastern China. The survival and quick spread of the pathogen in Heilongjiang province, an extremely cold area of China, is a subject for further study.References:Li, C. S., et al. 2009. China Vegetables. 18:29. ISI, Google ScholarLiu, Z. H., et al. 2012. Plant Prot. 11:41. Google ScholarWang, R. C., et al. 1997. Plant Doct. 4:2. Google ScholarZeng, R., et al, 2011. J. Shanghai Jiaotong Univ. (Agric. Sci.) 20114:13. Google ScholarZheng, X., et al. 2016. Plant Dis. 100:1235. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-15-1108-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarFunding: Funding was provided by “Young Talents” project of Northeast Agricultural University (16QC01) and Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (ZD2016003).DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 103, No. 4 April 2019SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionGray mold on kiwifruit leaves caused by Botrytis cinerea (courtesy Guoshu Gong and Qinjun Tao); sunflower rust on bracts (courtesy Sam Markell); cucumber plant with mosaic symptoms caused by papaya ringspot virus (courtesy Roger Jones). Metrics Article History Issue Date: 10 Apr 2019Published: 29 Jan 2019First Look: 18 Oct 2018Accepted: 16 Oct 2018 Pages: 765-765 Information© 2019 The American Phytopathological SocietyFunding“Young Talents” project of Northeast Agricultural UniversityGrant/Award Number: 16QC01Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang ProvinceGrant/Award Number: ZD2016003Cited byThe calcium cyanamide and polyethylene blocks the secondary transmission and infection of vegetable leaf diseases20 December 2022 | Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol. 13Activity of Phosphites and Chitosan on Biochemical Responses and Target Spot Control in Cucumber Plants26 October 2022 | Gesunde Pflanzen, Vol. 150Target Spot Control and Modulation of the Physiology in Cucumber Using Phosphites and Chitosan25 June 2021 | Gesunde Pflanzen, Vol. 73, No. 4

The application of vermicompost, a new bio-organic fertilizer containing a large amount of nutrient elements and organic matter, has become a trend in the development of green agriculture in the context of the national advocacy of reduc- ing chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Vermicompost could not only improve the quality of soil, increase soil organic matter content, increase crop yield, improve the quality of agricultural products, but also alleviate continuous crop cropping barriers and control the occurrence of soil-borne diseases. The research advances of vermicompost in the field of agriculture were sum- marized.

A laboratory assay and pot experiment were conducted to explore the influence of different concentrations of vermicompost and its extracts against root-knot nematode in tomato. The results showed that the hatchability of eggs significantly decreased with increasing concentrations of vermicompost extract. The knockdown rate and mortality of Meloidogyne incognita J2s significantly increased with increasing concentrations of vermicompost extract and treatment time, and the mortality rates reached up to 88.46% at a concentration of 90% compared to that of the untreated control. Pot experiments showed that the number of root-knots reduced and the relative control effect was improved.

含硫氨基酸(SAA)作为动物体内重要的功能性氨基酸,具有促进营养物质在肠道消化吸收和代谢,维持肠道正常形态结构,增强肠道紧密连接蛋白通透性,增强肠道机械屏障和生物学屏障等功能,对动物生长发育及机体免疫方面具有重要作用.文章从含硫氨基酸在动物肠道代谢、对肠道形态结构、肠道微生物影响等方面展开综述,旨为其动物生产应用提供理论参考.