Sensory impairments and cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) are prevalent age-related conditions that significantly impact the health of older adults. Understanding whether sensory impairments are risk factors for CMM is crucial for developing effective intervention strategies and public health policies. This study aimed to investigate the associations between sensory impairments and CMM among older Chinese adults. Data were obtained from the 2018 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Participants aged 60 years and above were included. Sensory impairments and CMM were assessed with self-reporting methods. Binary logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations between sensory impairments and CMM. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the interactions between the sensory impairment–CMM association and sociodemographic, lifestyle, and psychological factors. A total of 8334 participants were included in the analysis. After adjusting for potential covariates, no significant association was found between single sensory impairment and CMM. However, dual sensory impairment (DSI) was significantly associated with an increased risk of CMM (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.862, 95

To translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the Composite Physical Function (CPF) scale in Chinese community-dwelling older adults. The Chinese version of the CPF (C-CPF) was constructed by following Brislin’s guidelines. A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the measurement properties of the C-CPF in 477 eligible older adults. Factor analysis, hypotheses testing, internal consistency and test-retest were performed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the C-CPF. The C-CPF was consistent with the original version, which consisted of a single dimension with 12 items. It had a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.901, fold-half reliability of 0.831 and test–retest reliability of 0.994. Structural validity was determined through exploratory factor analysis for a single-factor structure explained 75.391

Aim The dementia population is expanding fast globally, posing a huge challenge to the healthcare system. Improving the level of Alzheimer's disease knowledge (ADK) in nursing staff is the key to providing quality dementia care and improving the patients' quality of life. This study aimed to investigate and classify the ADK level of nursing staff in East China and to identify the factors influencing the nursing staff's ADK level.Design A cross-sectional study.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1896 nursing staff in East China from September 2022 to December 2022, using a self-designed general information questionnaire and the Chinese version of the Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to classify the nursing staff according to their ADK level, and multinomial logistic regression was used to identify the factors influencing the nursing staff's ADK level.Results Nursing staff could be classified into four latent profiles according to their ADK level (p < 0.05), namely, the 'Low ADK group', 'Medium ADK group', 'Medium-high ADK group', and 'High ADK group'. Age, education, experience in AD care and training in ADK were the main factors influencing the classification of the nursing staff's ADK level. Therefore, upgrading education, participating in ADK training, and increasing AD care experience will be conducive to improving the ADK of nursing staff.No Patient or Public Contribution.

ObjectivesThis work aimed to observe the effect of consuming Chinese herb tea on glucolipid metabolism and gut microbiota in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsNinety patients with T2DM were recruited from a community and randomly divided into the control group (CG) and intervention group (IG). CG maintained conventional treatment and lifestyle, and IG accepted additional “maccog” traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) tea (mulberry leaf, radix astragali, corn stigma, cortex lycii, radix ophiopogonis, and gynostemma) for 12 weeks. Glucolipid metabolism, hepatorenal function, and gut microbiota were then measured.ResultsAfter the intervention, the decreases in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and total cholesterol (TC) were greater (P<0.05) in IG than in CG, and those in glycosylated serum protein (GSP) were almost significantly greater (P=0.066) in IG than in CG. The total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), and creatinine (CREA) levels in IG were significantly lower and their decreases were larger in IG than in CG (P<0.05) after the intervention. The Ace and Chao1 indices in IG were slightly higher after the intervention (P=0.056 and 0.052, respectively) than at baselines. The abundance of Actinobacteria, Lachnospiraceae, Bifidobacteriaceae, and Phascolarctobacterium increased significantly after the intervention in IG (P<0.05), and the abundance was higher in IG than in CG (P<0.05 or P<0.1). The abundance of Clostridiales and Lactobacillales was negatively correlated with FPG (P<0.05), Clostridiales and Lachnospiraceae was negatively correlated with GSP (P<0.05), and Bacteroides/Firmicutes was positively correlated with both (P<0.05). No adverse event was observed during the intervention.ConclusionsAdministration of “maccog” TCM tea for 12 weeks slightly improved glucolipid metabolism and significantly increased the abundance of beneficial gut microbiota in community patients with T2DM. The increase in beneficial bacteria abundance may be involved in the improvement of glucose metabolism indicators. In addition, this intervention is safe and feasible.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=31281, identifier ChiCTR1800018566.

Objective:To explore the application of 6MWT and handgrip strength test in the nursing evaluation of arterial stiffness in community-dwelling elderly.Methods:From September 2019 to January 2020, 129 community-dwelling elderly people (age 60 years or older) were selected as the research subjects. Arterial stiffness was detected by pulse wave detector, and handgrip strength test and 6MWT were performed. Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression methods were used to analyze the relationship between handgrip strength and 6MWT test indicators and aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) and augmentation index75 (AIx75).Results:The community-dwelling older people of aPWV was (10.50 ± 1.36) m/s and was negatively correlated with 6MWT distance and 6WMT work, of which the correlation coefficients were -0.404 and -0.285 respectively ( P<0.05). The community-dwelling older people of AIx75 was (28.51 ± 10.81) % and was negatively correlated with handgrip strength, relative grip strength, 6MWT distance and 6MWT work, of which the range of correlation coefficients were from -0.261 to -0.226 ( P<0.05). After adjusting for age, gender, and blood pressure, 6MWT distance and grip strength were independently related to aPWV and AIx75, respectively. Conclusions:In community-dwelling elderly people, both the grip strength test and 6MWT can be used for nursing evaluation of early arterial stiffness, but the specific evaluation role is different.

Objectives: This study was performed to establish the normative values and integrated score of the functional fitness on the basis of the senior fitness test (SFT) among Chinese community-dwelling older adults in Suzhou. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 1,122 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years old and above were recruited at Suzhou, China, by using a multistage stratified sampling method and accepted the SFT measurements. Sex- and age-specific normative values of each index of the SFT were established by using the percentile method. The SFT integrated score was established using factor analysis according to the data of 70% of the participants (construction group) and verified using the error rate from the data of the remaining 30% of the participants (verification group). Results: Normative-referenced percentile values at the 5th, 10th, 25th, 35th, 50th, 65th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles for each index of SFT were established for the men and women among the different age groups. Five indices of the SFT, namely, 2-min step test, 30-s arm curl, 30-s chair stand, chair sit-and-reach, and 8-ft up-and-go (TUGT), gradually declined with age in both sexes (p < .05). The SFT integrated score was calculated as follows: F = 3.8 × 2-min step test + 3.8 × 30-s arm curl + 3.8 × 30-s chair stand + 2.2 × back starch + 2.6 × chair sit-and-reach + 4 × TUGT − .04 × BMI. The formula was verified using the error rate. The error rates of the verification group compared with the construction group in each grade score of SFT were lower than 5%. Conclusion: Based on the data from the community-dwelling older adults in Suzhou, China, the functional fitness normative values for each index of the SFT and the integrated score of SFT were established. The SFT integrated score formula was verified to be reasonable and effective.

目的 分析 2012-2021 年江苏省南京市六合区无偿献血量、人数、动员方式的趋势,来掌握近 10 年献血动态,为制定招募策略提供参考.方法 通过南京市血液中心六合分站采血登记系统导出 2012-2021 年江苏省南京市六合区无偿献血献血量、献血动员方式等信息,并进行分析处理.结果 近 10 年,该区无偿献血总人数呈稳步增长的趋势,单次献血量为少量者和 300 mL的人数,近 10 年以来,基本持平,自 2017 年以后,单次为 200 mL献血的人数逐渐下降,而单次献血量 400 mL的人数逐渐上升.仅在 2017 年自愿献血的人次占比接近团队献血人次的比例,其余时间均低于团队献血人次的比例,近 10 年.无论何种献血动员方式,总献血量均呈稳步上升状态.结论 2012-2021年江苏省南京市六合区无偿献血量逐年增加,而 2020 年和 2021 年为平台期;无偿献血工作站仍然需要通过多种方式增加"自愿献血"这种献血动员方式的比例;为做好无偿献血的宣传,相关部门还需要采取多种方式开展持续"三免政策"的宣讲,可能提升人群献血率;在无偿献血招募过程中,可抓住人群趋利避害的心理,来精准招募更多的潜在人群.

Objective:To construct and validate the physical fitness age model for community-dwelling elderly people, so as to provide new methods and reference for the health assessment and rehabilitation guidance of the elderly.Methods:From March to September 2021, 794 community-dwelling health people in six districts of Suzhou (Wuzhong District, Gusu District, Xiangcheng District, Wujiang District, Huqiu District and Industrial Park) were selected by multi-stage stratified sampling. Postgraduates who received unified training used unified monitoring tools to assess the physical function and physical fitness of the subjects in the designated community health service centers. Principal component analysis was used to construct a physical fitness age model. According to the scores of Short Physical Performance Battery, people with high physical function and people with low physical function were divided to verify the effectiveness of the model evaluation.Results:A total of four indicators, including 2-min step test, 30 s chair stand test, biceps flexion and lift test, and time up and go test (TUGT) , were finally included to build a physical fitness age model. The model formula was physical fitness age=-0.126×2-min step test-0.612×biceps flexion and lift test-0.625×30 s chair stand test+1.855×TUGT+0.51×age+55.29. The model validation showed that the physical fitness age of the community-dwelling elderly people of the high physical function group was lower than the age, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01) . The physical fitness age of the community-dwelling elderly people of the low physical function group was higher than that of the age, and the difference was also statistically significant ( P<0.01) . The research results were consistent with the research assumptions, suggesting that the model was reasonable and effective. Conclusions:The construction of the physical fitness age model for community-dwelling elderly people can reflect the decline of the elderly's physical function, can be used for the elderly's health assessment and rehabilitation guidance, and can provide evaluation indicators for the elderly to provide community and home medical care services.

该文介绍了苏州大学护理学院高级护理实践课程的多元化评价方案的设计过程和应用效果.根据护理硕士专业学位研究生的培养定位﹑高级护理实践课程目标和教学内容的特点,通过文献研究﹑专家小组会议构建了包括实践考核﹑人文素质活动﹑课堂综合表现及反思日记4个项目的多元化评价方案,对护理硕士专业学位研究生的知识﹑技能﹑态度﹑情感等方面进行全面评估.2019级48名学生的实践考核﹑人文素质活动﹑课堂综合表现及反思日记成绩分别为(87.68±3.45)分﹑(9.52±0.65)分﹑(8.90±0.97)分和(90.17±2.05)分,对多元化评价方案的反馈良好.该多元化评价方案能够激发学生学习的自主性和有效反思,提升学生的课堂参与度,培养其人文素养,可为其他院校相关课程的评价方案的设计与完善提供参考.

AIMS:Older patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are more likely to develop frailty. Few studies have investigated frailty status, and its multiple associated factors, in this population. The aim of the present study was to explore frailty status, and its multidimensional associated factors, in elderly inpatients with CVDs.METHODS AND RESULTS:In this cross-sectional study, 1021 inpatients with CVDs aged ≥60 years old were recruited through convenience sampling from multiple hospitals in Suzhou, China. The FRAIL scale was used to assess frailty. A self-designed questionnaire gathered sociodemographic, clinical, and health-related information related to the physiological, psychological, and social dimensions of frailty. Among the 629 elderly inpatients with CVDs (73.64 ± 7.93 years old) who met inclusion criteria and completed the assessments, 176 (28.0%) were classified as frail. Univariate analyses demonstrated that the proportion of frailty was significantly associated with multiple factors. Logistic regression analysis indicated that, compared to their counterparts, the risk of frailty was higher in participants with cardiac function classes II, III, and IV [odds ratio (OR) = 1.866, 3.393, and 6.351, respectively]; average and bad mastication function (OR = 2.534 and 2.945, respectively); and often or always using walking aids (OR = 2.713). Conversely, the risk of frailty was lower in participants with good nutritional status (OR = 0.879) and regular exercise habits (OR = 0.573), as compared with their counterparts.CONCLUSION:Frailty in elderly inpatients with CVDs is common and associated with multiple physiological factors including cardiac function, mastication function, nutritional status, use of walking aids, and regular exercise habits.

目的 建立高级护理实践工作坊,并探讨其在教学中的实践效果.方法 对某高校2016级-2018级88名护理硕士专业学位研究生采用工作坊教学法开展高级护理实践课程,并采用高级护理实践课程成绩、学生反思日记及对18名护理硕士的质性访谈进行效果评价.结果 工作坊教学后,护理硕士专业学位研究生综合能力考核的总分为(87.19±4.61)分.对学生反思日记和访谈结果进行分析,提取出工作坊培养了学生的综合素质、工作坊促进了学生的自我反思、工作坊的教学模式还需要进一步探索三大主题.结论 工作坊不仅提高了护理专业硕士的综合能力,而且有利于学生的职业成长,学生普遍反馈较好.

Objective:To understand the information needs of patients with pituitary adenoma in different stages of diagnosis, surgery, and out-of-hospital rehabilitation, and to provide a basis for the subsequent construction of information support strategies.Methods:The qualitative research method was described. Fourteen patients who underwent primary pituitary adenoma resection in a Department of Neurosurgery in Suzhou from July 2017 to July 2018 were selected as research subjects. The confusion and information needs that occurred during the stage, and the analysis of interview data was analyzed using the content analysis strategy.Results:Five themes were extracted, "what did I get?""What should I do if I feel so uncomfortable?""Are my symptoms normal?""Should I have recovered after so long?" How to do it".Conclusions:During the diagnosis and treatment of patients with pituitary adenoma, medical staff should provide detailed and personalized information support based on general guidance and information needs that patients face at various stages.

Objective:On the basis of introducing and piloting long-term care insurance services and providing home care for older adults with disabilities in Suzhou, this paper aims to explore the working experience of home caregivers in the caring environment, understand their difficulties and issues, explore their true feelings and the relevant causes, and to draw lessons from their experience, providing constructive suggestions for the establishment of caregivers as well as policy recommendations for the government.Methods:The qualitative research method was used to collect the field experience data of 9 home caregivers in the caring environemnt through observation and semi-structured interview. Colaizzi phenomenological analysis was used to process and analyze the data.Result:1. Heavy workload and lack of incentive mechanism; 2. Care experience is diverse, with a sense of achievement and happiness, but lack of family′s trust and identification; 3. Professional trainings and peer support are needed.Conclusion:1. Improving the working environment of caregivers and reducing the burden of care; 2.Improve the employment treatment of home care workers, and actively improve the relevant incentive mechanism;3. Paying attention to the emotional experience of caregivers and helping them adapt to their role; 4.Standardize professional knowledge and skills training, provide risk assessment tools, and improve the quality of care.

ObjectiveTo investigate the status of early screening for breast cancer among female first-degree relatives of breast cancer patients. MethodsBy convenience sampling, the female first-degree relatives of the patients with breast cancer admitted in Department of Breast and Thyroid Disease from 2 hospitals in Suzhou from January to August of 2018 were selected and investigated using questionnaires (n=180). By cross-sectional study method, their knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP) about the early screening of breast cancer were assessed. Univariate analysis, correlation analysis and Logistic multivariate regression analysis were conducted to analyze the influencing factors on the participating behaviors of the first-degree relatives of breast cancer pativents in the early screening for breast cancer. Results6.7% participants reported doing breast self-examination once a month and 22.8% reported getting image examination of breasts once a year. The results of multivariate logistic regression indicated that age, educational background, employment status and attitude towards early screening were the influencing factors of the early screening practice for breast cancer. ConclusionsThe screening rate among female first-degree relatives of breast cancer patients is very low. In future studies, effective intervention should be carried out for the female first-degree relatives of breast cancer patients, focusing on the elderly and poorly educated population, in order to promote their breast cancer early screening practice.

目的 探讨改良早期预警评分(MEWS)、HEART评分对急性胸痛近期预后的预测价值.方法 采用前瞻性研究方法,选择2016年7月-2017年7月我院急诊科就诊的311例急性胸痛患者作为研究对象,患者入院时分别进行HEART评分和MEWS评分,按照HEART评分对患者进行危险分层(高危、中危和低危),记录随访患者发病30 d内急性冠脉综合征(ACS)、心肌梗死(MI)或死亡发生情况;利用受试者工作曲线(ROC)分析MEWS评分对患者危险分层和预后的预测价值.结果 本组急性胸痛患者中高危组MEWS评分、空腹血糖、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)明显高于中、低危组,预后不良组高血压、高血脂发生率以及MEWS评分、HEART评分、空腹血糖、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、LDL-C、CRP均明显高于预后良好组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).Logistic回归分析显示高血脂、MEWS评分、HEART评分、LDL-C、CRP是急性胸痛不良预后的独立危险因素(P＜0.05).最佳临界值为3.17分时,MEWS评分预测高危胸痛的曲线下面积为0.825,特异性为79.4％,敏感性为77.9％;最佳临界值为3.88分时,MEWS评分预测不良预后的AUC为0.921,明显高于HEART评分(AUC=0.843,Z=3.004,P=0.003),特异性为87.2％,敏感性为87.8％.结论 MEWS评分可以为预测急性胸痛近期预后提供参考,但其临床价值仍需进一步证实.

Objective? To explore the cognition on humanistic care of nursing undergraduates in the process of early clinical experience. Methods? We selected 26 nursing undergraduates with Grade 2016 in school of nursing of Soochow University as subjects by convenience sampling. Then, we analyzed their clinical experience diary and results of symposium. Results? Students had a preliminary understanding and self-examination on humanistic care by clinical experience. A total of three themes were refined including perceived care, regurgitation-feeding other and reflection care. Conclusions? Early clinical experience could improve humanistic care of students, which is worth to be promoted and referred.

目的 探讨将乳腺癌患者一级亲属(FDR)和患者同时进行早期筛查的健康教育对促进其筛查行为的作用.方法 通过类实验性研究,按照患者就医顺序将我院2017年1-7月收治的乳腺癌患者FDR进行分组,对照组采取发放宣教手册自学的方式,干预组和患者一同接受早期筛查的指导,比较干预前、干预后3个月、干预后1年两组研究对象早期筛查知识、态度和行为的变化.结果 两组研究对象早期筛查知识均有显著提高,但干预组知识、态度得分显著高于对照组,干预组乳房自检(BSE)、临床检查行为显著高于对照组,但两组研究对象常规每年1次乳腺影像学筛查行为的参与率无显著差异.结论 与患者一同接受健康教育可以有效提高FDR的筛查知识和态度,促进BSE和临床检查的行为,还需要进一步采取策略提高其进行影像学筛查的行为.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the practice of informed consent in China from the perspective of patients. Design A qualitative study using in-depth interviews with in-hospital patients focusing on personal experience with informed consent. Setting Guangdong Province, China. Participants 71 in-hospital patients in rehabilitation after surgical operations were included. Results Medical information is not actively conveyed by doctors nor effectively received by patients. Without complete and understandable information, patients are unable to make an autonomous clinical decision but must sign an informed consent form following the doctor's medical arrangement. Three barriers to accessing medical information by patients were identified: (1) medical information received by patients was insufficient to support their decision-making, (2) patients lacked medical knowledge to understand the perceptions of doctors and (3) patient-doctor interactions were insufficient in clinical settings. Conclusions Informed consent is implemented as an administrative procedure at the hospital level in China. However, it has not been embedded in doctors' clinical practices because, from the perspective of patients, doctors do not fulfil the obligation of medical information provision. As a result, the informed part of informed consent was neglected by individual doctors in China. Reforming medical education, monitoring the process of informed consent in clinical settings and redesigning medical institutional arrangements are pathways to restoring the practice of informed consent and patient-centred models in China.

目的 探讨以关怀体验为导向的护理本科生综合能力培训模式及意义.方法 对我校250名护理本科生在实习前开展以关怀体验为导向的综合能力培训,并通过对护理本科生综合能力评价考核、实习前后自我体验报告评价培训的效果.结果 对护理本科生体验报告进行分析,提取出"护理本科生在教学中的关怀体验"以及"护理本科生在临床实践中的关怀体验"两大主题.护理本科生实习前表示对个人成长和自身素质的提高具有很大的推动作用,帮助其消除了对临床工作的陌生感;护理本科生实习中自我感知良好,表现出较强的综合能力和关怀沟通能力,并表示更愿意奉献与深度感知患者.结论 以关怀体验为导向的实习前综合能力培训能够培养护理本科生的关怀品质及其沟通感知能力,激发他们的创造性思辨能力.