目的 分析体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、体脂百分比(body fat percentage,BF％)和腰臀比(waist-hip ratio,WHR)3种方法评价大学生肥胖的差异,为评价大学生健康状况和预防肥胖提供依据.方法 采用分层随机整群抽样法,应用直接测量法和生物电阻抗法对某大学1 263名在校大学生的BMI,BF％和WHR进行测量和分析.结果 BMI法、BF％法和WHR法的肥胖检出率分别为2.06％,24.31％和14.09％,BF％法高于WHR法和BMI法(x2=264.27,P＜0.05).BMI法肥胖检出率男生(4.74％)高于女生(0.50％),而BF％法和WHR法女生则高于男生(x2值分别为75.69,215.99,27.73,P值均＜0.05).一致性分析显示,BF％法与金标准BMI法的Kappa值为(0.11±0.02),WHR法与金标准BMI法的Kappa值为(0.17±0.04)(P值均＜0.05).结论 BMI,BF％和WHR评价大学生肥胖的一致性较差,建议在实际应用中综合考虑,有效筛查和预防大学生肥胖.

Aim:To explore the characteristics of unintentional injury and relationship between unintentional injury and sense of security among middle school students.Methods: Data were collected by questionnaires.A total of 936 students from a middle school of Zhoukou city participated the study by convenience sampling method.Statistical analysis of the general characteristics,unintentional injury,and sense of security was performed.Results: The annual incidence of unintentional injuries was 22.3%,and the incidence of male was higher than that of female(26.2% and 18.8%);the sense of security score of non-only child,high grade,cheerful and active,rural were higher than those of only child,low grade,quiet and solitary,city;the students who had injury before had higher sense of security score(49.763±11.278) than those who had not(52.400±11.973)(P<0.05).The risk of unintentional injuries of quiet were higher than general students(adjusted OR=1.669,95%CI=1.030-2.706) and active students were higher than general students(adjusted OR=2.438,95%CI=1.457-4.078).High sense of security was a protective factor for unintentional injury (adjusted OR=0.977,95%CI=0.962-0.991).Conclusion: Middle school students are the high risk group of the unintentional injury.Gender,character and sense of security are all closely related to the occurrence of unintentional injury.

目的 分析特发性性早熟(ICPP)女童垂体核磁共振(MRI)的影像学特点,探讨女童ICPP的无创性辅助诊断方法.方法 以35例ICPP女童和35例健康女童为研究对象,均行头颅鞍区磁共振扫描,测量影像的垂体高度、划分垂体形态等级;对ICPP女童用免疫化学发光法测血清黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)及GnRH激发后LH、FSH峰值.结果 垂体高度:ICPP组、对照组的均值分别(5.18±1.01)mm、(4.45±0.48) mm,(P＜0.05);垂体形态分级:ICPP组Ⅳ级及以上占82.86％,对照组Ⅳ级及以上占22.86％ (P＜0.05);ICPP组垂体高度与基础值LH、LH/FSH和GnRH激发后的峰值LH、LH/FSH均呈正相关(r分别为:0.701、0.577、0.422、0.383,P＜O.05).结论 ICPP组女童的垂体高度偏高,与促性腺激素水平呈正相关;垂体形态以IV级及以上为主.MRI观测垂体高度和形态对诊断ICPP有重要参考价值,是较可靠的ICPP无创辅助诊断方法.

有研究认为,右美托咪定(Dex)可减轻大鼠局部心肌缺血再灌注损伤,但其机制尚未完全阐明[1].细胞内钙超载是诱发心肌缺血再灌注损伤的重要原因,而三磷酸腺苷(ATP)酶在保持细胞内外Na+、K+、Ca2等多种离子平衡,维持细胞钙稳态方面发挥着重要作用.本研究旨在观察Dex后处理对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注时ATP酶活性的影响,探讨其减轻心肌缺血再灌注损伤的机制。

目的：观察山茱萸对2型糖尿病患者血糖和体质量的影响。方法：选择新近诊断为2型糖尿病轻症患者54例,按随机数字表法随机分为两组。两组均给予山茱萸30 g,水煎分2次口服,并嘱适量运动、糖尿病饮食、生活规律等。两组均治疗2个月后观察体质量、空腹血糖( FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(F2BG)变化。结果：超重肥胖组体质量较治疗前有明显下降(P<0.05),两组治疗后FBG、餐后2 h血糖F2BG均优于治疗前(P<0.05)。结论：山茱萸对2型糖尿患者血糖和体质量有良性影响。

One hundred and fifty ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ infants scheduled to undergo surgery on unilateral inguinal region,were randomly assigned to 3 groups with 50 in each group.In groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ puncture was performed at traversus abdominis plane under ultrasound-guidance,0.4 or 0.5/kg of 0.25％ ropivacaine was injected respectively.In group Ⅲ the triangle of Petit was positioned through palpating and then 0.5 ml/kg of 0.25％ ropivacaine was injected.HR,RR,SpO2,PETCO2,expired sevoflurane concentration and BIS value at the time of entering the operation room (T1),incision of skin (T2),pulling hernia sac (T3),ending the surgery (T4),waking (T5),the number of pressing the analgesia pump after operation were recorded.The results showed that HR at T2 and T3 of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was lower than group Ⅲ (P ＜ 0.05).The were significant differences in case numbers of insufficient intraoperative analgesia among 3 groups(x2 =10.500,P =0.005).The CHEOPS scores and the number of pressing analgesia pump after operation in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were lower than those in group Ⅲ (x2 =7.230,P =0.027).Results indicate that ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block is safer and more effective than conventional method for operations of inguinal region in infants; it may reduce dose of local anesthetics and postoperative use of analgesics.

目的：探讨产前综合干预对初产妇产后育儿自我效能的影响。方法：选择2011年1月～2011年7月在某院住院待产的初产妇194例,随机分为干预组和对照组，分别98例、96例,对照组产前常规护理，干预组在对照组的基础上进行综合干预。产后育儿自我效能评价采用一般自我效能感量表。结果：干预组初产妇产后育儿自我效能评分27.79±5.78，高于对照组的23.45±4.33（p<0.01)。结论：产前综合干预能有效提高初产妇育儿自我效能。

目的:探讨社区康复对脑瘫患儿粗大运动功能的影响.方法:社区康复组42例,家庭康复组49例,各经过6个月相应的康复治疗,在治疗前后分别以GMFM-88测定患儿的粗大运动功能.结果:社区康复组治疗前GMFM-88总分38.4±16.2,治疗后54.8±16.8,(P＜0.05)；家庭康复组治疗前36.8±14.1,治疗后48.2±15.0(P＜ 0.05)；两个组间治疗后相比差异有显著性意义(t=1.98,P＜0.05),社区康复组疗效好于家庭康复组.两组各功能区评分比较显示,除了A区之外,其他各区评分两组间的差异均有显著性意义,社区康复组评分高于家庭康复组.不同年龄段患儿粗大运动的改变情况显示,低年龄段的GMFM分值增长快于高年龄段,社区康复组分值增长大于家庭康复组分值的增长.结论:社区康复较家庭康复更能明显改善脑瘫患儿的粗大运动功能,低年龄组效果更为显著.

目的 探索早期综合发展在农村的可行性方案,评价实施效果.方法 以自然村为单位,将80例新生儿作为实验组,开展早期综合发展服务;另选93例新生儿作为对照组,仅开展农村系统保健.在出生时、6月龄、12月龄常规方法测量身长、体质量.在6月龄、12月龄用儿童智能发育筛查测验(DST)量表评定发育商、智力指数.结果 实验组与对照组身长在出生和6月龄时差异无统计学意义;12月龄时分别为(76.3±1.63)cm、(75.7±1.52)cm,实验组大于对照组差异有统计学意义(t=2.50,P＜0.05).体质量、发育商、智力指数3项指标在出生时差异无统计学意义,在6月龄、12月龄时实验组均大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义.结论 此次在农村儿童中实施早期综合发展服务,促进了婴儿体格、心理发展.

Objective To explore the prevalence of anxiety and its related social factors in undergraduate student,in order to provide scientific evidence for the prevention of anxiety in undergraduate.Methods The cluster random sampling was adopted for this study,and 965 college students from Zhengzhou University were investigated by Personal Report of Communication Apprehension,Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire,Toronto Alexithymia Scale,Perceived Social Support Scale and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale.Results ①The anxiety detection rate of respondents was 19.3％.There were significant differences in the detection rate and severity of anxiety between genders(Male:27.0％,Female:10.2％ ) and grades( Freshman:16.4％,Junior:23.8％ ) in the college students (P ＜ 0.05).There were not significant difference in different family residence students anxiety detection rate and level(P ＞ 0.05 ).②The scores of communication apprehension ( ( 69.31 ± 12.32),( 65.25 ± 12.56) ),positive coping style( (20.84 ±5.10),(23.99 ±5.18) ),negative coping style( ( 11.03 ±4.15),(09.18 ±3.96) ),Toronto alexithymia( (74.97 ± 6.93 ),(70.31 ± 7.98 ) ) and perceived social support ( (53.14 ± 5.78 ),(57.02 ± 5.79) ) of the anxiety group were significantly different with those of the normal group (P ＜ 0.05).③The significant relationship was found among anxiety emotions and gender,positive coping style,negative coping style,Toronto alexithymia and perceived social support by using Logistic regression analysis (P＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions The prevalence of anxiety in undergraduate students is relatively high and it is related with multiple factors.In addition,social support,alexithymia and coping style have a close correlation with anxiety in undergraduates.

目的研究山茱萸水提液的最佳提取工艺及对α-淀粉酶活力的抑制作用。方法以抑制率为指标,采用均匀设计法选定山茱萸水提液的最佳提取工艺,然后根据最佳提取工艺制备山茱萸水提液,采用碘呈色法研究不同浓度山茱萸水提液对α-淀粉酶活力的抑制作用。结果山茱萸水提液的最佳提取工艺为煎煮3次、每次90min、加水量6倍,在此工艺下制备的山茱萸水提液对α-淀粉酶的抑制作用随着浓度的增大而增强,当浓度为400mg/m l时,抑制率高达46.20%。结论均匀设计法优选山茱萸水提液提取工艺简便可行,根据所优选的提取工艺制备的山茱萸水提液对α-淀粉酶有一定的抑制作用。

[目的]追踪观察早期综合发展项目对儿童身心发育的影响.[方法]实验组38例,以参加亲子俱乐部为主要形式接受儿童早期综合发展服务1年;对照组41例,仅接受常规系统保健.收集两组婴儿6个月至4岁期间的身高、体重、Hb和心理发展测定结果.[结果]实验组儿童心理、智力发育的各项指标历次测定值均优于对照组(P<0.05),其中在4岁时实验组的发育商为105±12,智力指数为106±6.身高、体重、Hb与对照组的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).[结论]早期综合发展服务对儿童心理智力发展的良性影响具有持续性.

目的 了解河南省中等卫生职业学校学生健康危险行为现状,为学校健康教育和相关部门制定干预措施提供科学依据.方法 采用多阶段分层抽样方法,抽取河南省4所卫生学校2 767名学生,采用"中国青少年健康相关行为调查问卷(高中)"进行无记名调查.结果 河南省中等卫生职业学校学生健康危险行为主要为不良饮食习惯、意外伤害、吸烟、饮酒和网络游戏成瘾行为,大部分危险行为报告率男女生差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 河南省中等卫生职业学校学生健康危险行为问题突出,普遍高于同年龄阶段的高中生.应积极采取有效措施,有针对性地对其进行健康教育和行为干预.

目的观察11味中药对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性,筛选出抑制作用较强的中药。方法以麦芽糖为底物,采用α-葡萄糖苷酶活性测定方法,观察这11味中药醇提液对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用。结果 11味中药均对α-葡萄糖苷酶有一定的抑制作用,其中山茱萸、桑白皮、葛根3味中药对α-葡萄糖苷酶有较强的抑制作用,当浓度为1000mg/ml时,抑制率分别为84.3%,97.1%,72.7%。结论山茱萸、桑白皮和葛根3味中药体外对α-葡萄糖苷酶有较强的抑制作用。

目的探索提取山茱萸中α-淀粉酶抑制剂的最佳工艺。方法以乙醇为提取溶剂,选取浸提时间、固液比和乙醇浓度3个因素做单因素实验,然后通过L9(34)正交试验方法确定最佳提取工艺。结果山茱萸中α-淀粉酶抑制剂的最佳提取工艺条件为A2B2C2,即浸提时间6 h、固液比1∶10、乙醇浓度75%。结论优化得到的提取工艺稳定可行,为进一步研究和开发利用山茱萸提供了依据。

Aim:To observe the inhibitory effects of 10 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) extracts on α-glucosidase activity.Methods:Using maltose as substrate,the inhibitory effect of 10 kinds of TCM extracts on α-glucosidase activity was observed.Acarbose was used as a positive control.The reaction solution was taken for the determination of glucose by glucose oxidase method.The absorbance of reaction solution was detected,and the inhibition rate of 10 kinds of TCM extracts on α-glucosidase activity was calculated.Three TCM extracts with higher inhibitory effect were further observed at different mass concentrations.Results:All the extracts showed inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase activity.Among them,Fructose Canarii,Radix Sanguisorbae and Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae had higher inhibition rate.The inhibition rate of these 3 extracts increased along with the increase(10~1 000 g/L) of the mass concentration(F=71.963,78.426 and 26.246,P0.001).Conclusion:The extracts of Fructose Canarii,Radix Sanguisorbae and Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae have relatively higher inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase activity.

Objective: To explore the inhibition of 22 kinds of Chinese herbs on α-glucosidase and screen Chinese herbs which have greater inhibition.Methods: The experiment was carried out with maltose as substrate,and then established optimal reaction conditions.The inhibition of 22 kinds of Chinese herbs and acarbose on α-glucosidase were tested by the enzyme reaction system.Here,acarbose was used as a positive control group.Results: All of the 22 kinds of Chinese herbs could inhibit the activity of α-glucosidase,and Sangye,Sangbaipi,Diyu,Qingguo and Wubeizi were the fi rst fi ve,the inhibition rates were 63.19%,76.55%,70.03%,78.18% and 92.83% respectively at the concentration of 500mg/ml.The inhibition of Wubeizi was the strongest,and when its concentration reached 1000mg/ml,the inhibition rate increased to 95.44%,which was similar to the effect of 5mg/ ml acarbose.Conclusion: Compared with the other Chinese herbs,Sangye,Sangbaipi,Diyu,Qingguo and Wubeizi had stronger inhibition on α-glucosidase in vitro.

Objective To study neonatal pneumothorax CR diagnostic feature in order to reduce the misdiagnosis,strive for the rescue of time.Methods Collect the 17 neonatal pneumothoraxcases who were confirmed in our hospital from Jan 2010 to Oct 2010,patients were retrospectively analyzed,All of them had CR filming radiographs.Results Neonatal pneumothorax CR performance varied,Combined with clinical data to the correct diagnosis has important value,a few cases easily mis-diagnosed,need combined with clinical and closely dynamic observation.

目的 探讨先天性巨结肠经肛门Soave根治术的疗效及影响因素.方法 对我院2001年至2009年收治的216例先天性巨结肠患儿的疗效及并发症情况进行回顾性分析.结果 术后出血4例;因扩肛错误导致肠壁溃疡出血l例,吻合口开裂1例,再次吻合;小肠结肠炎15例,反复发作2例;结肠扭转2例;便秘13例,4例再次行Duhamel手术;鞘内感染4例,1例行脓肿切开引流.结论 正确选择手术适应证及手术方式,术后随诊是减少术后并发症、提高手术疗效的主要因素.