Objective To investigate the sequence variations of mitochondrial D-loop region in chronic renal failure patients and family members.Methods Forty two patients with chronic renal failure (CRF group) and 95 unaffected pedigree members(UAPM group) were recruited in the study,and 122 healthy subjects served as normal controls(NC group).Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was extracted from peripheral blood and the D-loop sequence variations were examined by PCR-based assay.The association between D-Loop gene variations and chronic renal failure was analyzed.Results Compared with normal control,79 sequence variants were detected,mtDNA exhibited a high rate of sequence variants in patients with CRF and pedigree members.Among these,three high variations were found and base variation rate in CRF and UAPM groups were significantly higher than that in normal control group (P＜0.01).The occurrence of mtMSI at D310 in CRF and UAPM groups were higher than that in normal control group (P＜0.01).Conclusion Genome mutations in mitochondrial D-Loop may be relate to the development of chronic renal failure.

Objective To investigate the sequence variations of mitochondrial D-loop region in chronic glomerular nephritis patients and family members and their possible associations with chronic glomerular nephritis.Methods 20 patients with chronic glomerular nephritis and 48 unaffected pedigree members,as well as 122 cases of normal control were recruited.mtDNA extracted from peripheral blood were examined by PCR-based assay for D-loop sequence variations,followed by sequencing analysis.Results Compared with the normal control and standard sequence,a total of 61 sequence variants were detected,among these,three high variations were found,and the base variation rate of patients with chronic glomerular nephritis(CGN)and unaffected pedigree members(UAPM)(0.88%,0.72%)significantly increased compared with the control group(0.61%).The distibutional difference of base variation rate in the experimental groups were significantly higher than those in the control group(x2=21.220,7.964,all P<0.05).Especially in microsatellite variation in D310 region,the mutation frequency and base variation rate in patients with CGN were 100.00% and 30.00%,respectively,which of UAPM were 81.30% and 17.95%,respectively,while those in the normal control group were 53.30% and 6.05%,respectively.Among them,the patients with CGN compared with the control group had statistically significant differences(x2=15.610,150.047,all P<0.05).Likewise,UAPM also had statistically significant difference compared with the control group(x2=11.347,66.188,all P<0.05).Conclusion D-Loop of mitochondrial genome mutations may be related to the development of chronic glomerular nephritis.

放射治疗是治疗宫颈癌、直肠癌等盆腔恶性肿瘤的主要手段之一，而放射性直肠炎是治疗后的常见并发症。随着放射治疗在盆腔恶性肿瘤治疗中应用的增加，放射性直肠炎的发病率有增加的趋势[1]，但目前尚无公认有效的治疗药物和治疗手段。近几年随着越来越多的细胞因子被发现，以及对其研究的深入，有些细胞因子在辐射损伤的预防和治疗中取得了令人瞩目的成就，如IL-11对受照射小鼠肠隐窝干细胞及上皮组织具有保护作用，能减轻辐射对肠黏膜造成的损伤[2-4]。为探索放射性直肠炎较优治疗方案，我们采用重组人IL-11联合蒙脱石散（商品名：思密达）、地塞米松保留灌肠治疗重度放射性直肠炎，并与单纯思密达加激素保留灌肠方案进行对比，现将结果报道如下。

肿瘤的诊断和治疗对患者的心理产生许多不良影响,肿瘤患者抑郁的发生率为53.0％,焦虑的发生率为32.7％[1],而焦虑及抑郁是导致其生活质量下降的主要因素.2010年1月至2012年3月浙江省衢州市中心医院肿瘤放疗科对30例恶性肿瘤抑郁患者采用心理干预联合氟哌噻吨美利曲辛片治疗,效果满意.现报道如下.

OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors of fungal infections in the esophageal cancer patients after the radiotherapy and analyze the drug resistance so as to reduce the incidence of infections.METHODS The clinical data of the 40cases of esophageal cancer patients who were complicated with fungal infections after the radiotherapy were investigated and analyzed.RESULTS Of totally 40strains of pathogens isolated,the Candida albicans was the predominant species,accounting for 72.50%,followed by the Trichosporon(12.5%),Candida tropicalis(5.0%),Candida glabrata(5.0%),and Candida krusei(5.0%).The species of pathogens varied in the drug resistance to six antifungal agents,among which the drug resistance rate to voriconazole was up to 55.00%.CONCLUSION Taking comprehensive prevention measures according to the actual situation of the esophageal cancer patients,reasonably using antibiotics,closely monitoring the change of condition of the chemotherapy patients and the radiotherapy patients,intensifying the nutritional and supportive treatment,and improving the patient's immunity can improve the effect of the infection prevention.

巨细胞病毒(Cytomegalovirus,CMV)属于疱疹病毒科B属的DNA病毒,CMV感染是一种机会致病感染,可以累及多个器官,表现为肺炎、肝炎、胰腺炎、脑膜脑炎等,其中CMV肺炎最为常见,死亡率高.CMV肺炎常发生于长期应用免疫抑制剂、恶性肿瘤大剂量化疗后及获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)等免疫力低下的患者,死亡率高.

血液透析是尿毒症患者肾脏替代治疗最常用的方法之一.脑桥中央溶解症CPM)是不多见的脱髓鞘疾病,病因不明.以往一般通过尸体解剖发现,近年来随着MRI等影像技术发展,该病在生前诊断报告逐渐增多.

<正>巨细胞病毒(Cytomegalovirus,CMV)属于疱疹病毒科B属的DNA病毒,CMV感染是一种机会致病感染,可以累及多个器官,表现为肺炎、肝炎、胰腺炎、脑膜脑炎等,其中CMV肺炎最为常见,死亡率高。CMV肺炎常发生于长期应用免疫抑制剂、恶性肿瘤大剂量化疗后及获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)等免疫力低下的患者,死亡率高。近年来随着器官移植的广泛开展及AIDS的传播,CMV肺炎的发病率有升高的趋势。现将我院收治的长期应用免疫抑制剂并发CMV肺炎患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,总结CMV肺炎的诊断治疗经验,报道如下。

流行性出血热是经鼠传播的自然疫源性疾病,临床上以发热、低血压、出血、肾脏损害等为特征.而急性肾衰是本病的主要死亡原因,及时进行血液透析是降低死亡率的关键.我院从2000年～2007年共收治中、重型流行性出血热合并急性肾衰患者21例,经血透治疗,收到较好疗效,报道如下.

<正>糖尿病肾病(DN)是糖尿病严重并发症之一,血脂异常和DN病程发展有着密切的关系。研究显示,降脂药干预治疗能够明显改善肾脏结构和功能,其中他汀类(statins)药物对肾脏的保护作用不仅与血脂的改善有关,而且与炎症过程和细胞因子也有密切关系。笔

纤维样肾小球病(fibrillary glomerulopathy,FGP) 临床极少见,国内报告仅10余例,兹将本院收治1例报告如下.

幼儿急性肾功能衰竭后行腹膜透析临床上少见,我们收治了1例烧伤后并发急性肾衰的患儿,进行腹透治疗,预后良好.

为探讨血液透析(MHD)患者并发脑卒中的发病因素及防治方法,作者收集本院1997年6月至2006年5月MHD患者并发脑卒中27例,占总透析患者的8.7%(27/312),进行初步分析.