Background:China is a multi-ethnic country.It is of great significance for the skull identification to realize the skull ethnic classification through computers,which can promote the development of forensic anthropology and accelerate the exploration of national development.Methods:In this paper,the 3D skull model is transformed into 2D auxiliary image including curvature,depth and elevation information,and then the deep learning method of the 2D auxiliary image is used for ethnic classification.We construct a convolution neural network structure inspired by VGGNet16 which has achieved excellent performance on image classification.In order to optimize the network,Adam algorithm is adopted to avoid falling into local minimum,and to ensure the stability of the algorithm with regularization terms.Results:Experiments on 400 skull models have been conducted for ethnic classification by our method.We set different learning rates to compare the performance of the model,the highest accuracy of ethnic classification is 98.75％,which have better performance than other five classical neural network structures.Conclusions:Deep learning based on skull auxiliary image for skull ethnic classification is an automatic and effective method with great application significance.

Craniofacial reconstruction is fundamental in resolving forensic cases. It is rather challenging due to the complex topology of the craniofacial model and the ambiguous relationship between a skull and the corresponding face. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for 3D craniofacial reconstruction by utilizing Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (CGAN) based on craniofacial depth map. More specifically, we treat craniofacial reconstruction as a mapping problem from skull to face. We represent 3D craniofacial shapes with depth maps, which include most craniofacial features for identification purposes and are easy to generate and apply to neural networks. We designed an end-to-end neural networks model based on CGAN then trained the model with paired craniofacial data to automatically learn the complex nonlinear relationship between skull and face. By introducing body mass index classes(BMIC) into CGAN, we can realize objective reconstruction of 3D facial geometry according to its skull, which is a complicated 3D shape generation task with different topologies. Through comparative experiments, our method shows accuracy and verisimilitude in craniofacial reconstruction results.

传统颅骨性别鉴定通常需要人为指定或者测量颅骨的几何形态指标,难以全面地提取颅骨性别特征,无法保证性别鉴定的准确率.为此,提出一种基于深度学习的颅骨性别鉴定方法,用三通道的二维图像表示三维颅骨数据,解决了神经网络难以有效处理拓扑复杂的三维颅骨模型的问题;设计了专用的全卷积自加权分类器,分别判别颅骨的不同部位;加入权值网络和patch自加权损失,提升了颅骨性别鉴定的准确率.与文献中的颅骨性别鉴定方法和经典分类网络的对比实验结果表明,本文方法鉴定结果准确率较高(完整颅骨鉴别准确率98.30％,缺损颅骨鉴别准确率98.98％).

A key transcriptional activator, activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5), is aberrantly overexpressed in glioma and supports both poor prognosis and antiapototic potential. Unfortunately, data on ATF5 is largely based on its regulatory mechanism. Further investigation of the upstream regulatory factor for ATF5 transcription in glioma is required. Clinical data for patients with diagnosed glioma were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Additionally, transcription factors potentially regulating the ATF5 promoter in glioma were screened with bioinformatics. A further experimental study was performed to investigate both the role of E74-like factor 1 (ELF1) and the binding of ELF1 and the ATF5 promoter in glioma. We show that ATF5 expression is upregulated in glioma tissues and associated with tumor malignancy and worse prognosis. As a putative upstream regulator, silencing ELF1 inhibits glioma cell growth and migration with ATF5 involvement. Moreover, ELF1 upregulation is also associated with poor prognosis in glioma. Importantly, the luciferase assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) reveal that the ATF5 gene promoter is essential for ELF1-dependent activation of ATF5 gene transcription. These results indicate that a high expression of ELF1 may be related to the malignant behavior of human glioma and ELF1 promotes glioma development mediated by transactivation of the ATF5 gene.

Purpose NUF2 has been implicated in multiple cancers recently, suggesting NUF2 may play a role in the common tumorigenesis process. In this study, we aim to perform comprehensive meta-analysis of NUF2 expression in the cancer types included in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).Materials and Methods RNA-sequencing data in 31 cancer types in the TCGA data and 11 independent datasets were used to examine NUF2 expression. Silencing NUF2 using targeting shRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines was used to evaluate NUF2’s role in HCC in vitro and in vivo.Results NUF2 up-regulation is significantly observed in 23 out of the 31 cancer types in the TCGA datasets and validated in 13 major cancer types using 11 independent datasets. NUF2 overexpression was clinically important as high NUF2 was significantly associated with tumor stages in eight different cancers. High NUF2 was also associated with significantly poorer patient overall survival and disease-free survival in eight and six cancers, respectively. We proceeded to validate NUF2 overexpression and its negative association with overall survival at the protein level in an independent cohort of 40 HCC patients. Compared to the non-targeting controls, NUF2 knockdown cells showed significantly reduced ability to grow, migrate into a scratch wound and invade the 8 μm porous membrane in vitro. Moreover, NUF2 knockdown cells also formed significantly smaller tumors than control cells in mouse xenograft assays in vivo.Conclusion NUF2 up-regulation is a common feature of many cancers. The prognostic potential and functional impact of NUF2 up-regulation warrant further studies.

颅骨和面貌是人的重要生物特征,也是法医人类学的重要研究内容,由于其具有复杂的拓扑结构和相似的几何结构,颅面相似性度量以及颅面复原结果评价仍然是一个极具挑战性的难题.该文梳理了近年来颅面相似性度量与复原结果评价方面的研究,将现有的颅面相似性度量与评价方法分为主观定性和客观定量的方法,从这两方面进行总结归纳,重点从几何方法、视觉方法和统计方法这3方面阐述了现有的客观定量的评价方法,并指出未来研究发展的趋势,以期促进颅面领域的研究及在刑侦、考古、医学等领域的应用,为今后在该领域的深入研究提供帮助.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an IgE-mediated inflammation which causes olfactory dysfunction. Antihistamines have been widely used to treat AR while few studies have investigated the effect of antihistamines on improving the sense of smell. In addition, the underlying mechanisms are not well elucidated. We established the ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic rhinitis rat model and administrated desloratadine to AR rats. The AR symptoms, serum level of OVA-specific IgE and IL-17, and expression of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 in nasal mucosa were measured. The olfactory dysfunction was monitored by buried food test and the expression of GluR1 was measured. Desloratadine treatment alleviated AR symptoms, decreased serum level of OVA-specific IgE and IL-17 in AR rats. Desloratadine decreased IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 expression in nasal mucosa of AR rats. Desloratadine ameliorated olfactory dysfunction in AR rats and decreased GluR1 expression in AR rats. Desloratadine treatment alleviated AR symptoms and ameliorated olfactory dysfunction in AR rats. The expression of AMPA receptor subunit GluR1 in olfactory bulb was associated with olfactory disorder.

1 临床资料 仕某,男,51岁,因“呼吸困难2年,加重半年”于2018年1月18日就诊于青岛大学附属医院.患者6年前因“声嘶1年余,加重伴呼吸困难半年”就诊于我院,行电子喉镜检查示:左侧披裂向中线移位,喉室饱满,声带固定,未见新生物;颈部增强CT示:左侧喉旁间隙肿物,边界欠清.初步诊断:喉肿物,并于全麻下行支撑喉镜下喉肿物活检+喉裂开喉肿物活检+气管切开术+气管成形术,病理结果示:(左室带旁)增生的纤维组织伴纤维化、轻度慢性炎,部分区域软骨岛形成(软骨化生?)及小片状骨样组织,未见恶性特征.术后恢复情况良好,定期门诊复查,1年后顺利拔除气管套管.2年前患者“上呼吸道感染”后出现呼吸困难,表现为活动后加重,睡眠时可平卧,伴有咳嗽、偶有白痰,于当地医院就诊,诊断为“气管炎”,予“抗生素”治疗,疗效欠佳,症状反复发作,未予重视.半年前呼吸困难加重,睡眠时无法平卧,伴有咳嗽,偶有白痰,于当地医院抗炎治疗,效果欠佳.后于我院急诊就诊,考虑喉梗阻(Ⅲ度),急诊人院.患者自发病以来精神好,饮食可,睡眠欠佳,大小便无明显异常,体重无明显异常变化.既往反复上呼吸道感染史7年,4～5次/年,症状主要为鼻塞、流涕、咳嗽;结膜炎病史6年余,胃溃疡病史1年;否认吸烟史,饮酒史30年,偶有饮酒,戒酒6年.入院查体:T:37℃,P:80次/min,R:20次/min,BP:120/70 mmHg.三凹征(+),双肺听诊均可闻及哮鸣音.

目的 探讨白介素17单克隆抗体(IL-17mAb)的不同给予剂量及方式在变应性鼻炎小鼠气道炎症中的作用.方法 将48只小鼠采用随机数字表法分为A、B、C、D、E、F组,每组8只.分别于第0、7、14 d将20μg卵清蛋白(OVA)加2 mg铝佐剂腹腔注射处理A、C、D、E及F组小鼠,间隔7 d,第22天开始进行鼻腔激发,每天每侧鼻孔各给予OVA 10μl(共500μg)滴鼻,连续7 d.A、C、D、E组小鼠于每次OVA鼻腔激发前1 h分别给予生理盐水、100 ng IL-17mAb、500 ng IL-17mAb、5μg IL-17mAb滴鼻,F组小鼠于每次OVA鼻腔激发前4 h给予5μg IL-17mAb腹腔注射,B组小鼠于相同时间点给予等量生理盐水腹腔注射及滴鼻.所有小鼠于最后1次激发后评估鼻部症状学变化,Diff-Quik染色观察鼻腔灌洗液(NLF)中嗜酸性粒细胞浸润情况,ELISA方法检测血清及NLF中IL-6、IL-10水平,鼻黏膜组织行甲苯胺蓝染色观察肥大细胞.结果 4周末A组所有小鼠症状学评分均>5分,提示造模成功.F组小鼠的挠鼻及喷嚏次数均少于A组(<0.05);F组小鼠NLF中嗜酸性粒细胞数、血清IL-6水平低于A组,血清及NLF中IL-10水平均高于A组(<0.05);E组小鼠血清中IL-10水平高于A组(<0.05);A组小鼠鼻黏膜组织中肥大细胞数多于B组,统计学意义显著(<0.01);F组小鼠鼻黏膜组织中肥大细胞数少于A组,但差异无统计学意义(>0.05);F组小鼠鼻黏膜组织中肥大细胞数与B组比较,差异无统计学意义(>0.05).结论 高剂量的(5μg)IL-17mAb腹腔注射处于激发阶段的变应性鼻炎小鼠促使小鼠变应性鼻炎症状明显减轻,鼻腔灌洗液嗜酸性粒细胞减少.促使变应性鼻炎小鼠血清中IL-6表达降低,血清中及鼻腔灌洗液中IL-10表达升高,因此推测这些细胞因子的变化可能抑制Th17/促进Treg的分化,进而对变态反应产生抑制作用.

目的 检测白介素-17(IL-17)及其受体(IL-17R)在鼻息肉和正常鼻黏膜中的表达及IL-17在鼻息肉患者血清中的表达,观察IL-17在鼻息肉发病过程中可能的作用机制和意义.方法 鼻息内组织及血清标本来自青岛大学附属医院耳鼻咽喉科2016年11月～2017年11月行鼻息肉切除术的42例患者,选取10例同期行上颌窦囊肿手术切除的正常中鼻道黏膜组织作为正常鼻粘膜对照,10例健康成年人血清作为正常对照.HE染色用于常规组织病理学检查,免疫组织化学染色观察IL-17及其受体表达水平及部位,双重免疫组织化学染色观察表达IL-17的细胞,ELISA法检测血清中IL-17蛋白表达水平.结果 ①42例鼻息肉组织中IL-17和IL-17R阳性细胞数较正常鼻黏膜组织中多,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);巨噬细胞表面标志(CD68)在鼻息肉组织中的表达比正常鼻黏膜组织高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).②IL-17及CD68双重免疫组化染色显示IL-17主要表达于鼻息肉巨噬细胞上,IL-17R主要表达于上皮层基底细胞、腺管基底细胞及血管内皮细胞.③42例鼻息肉患者血清中IL-17蛋白水平和健康成年人比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 IL-17对鼻息肉的形成作用可能是通过影响巨噬细胞的功能及相关细胞因子实现的,IL-17与IL-17受体的相互作用可能参与鼻息肉的病理改变,如上皮细胞基底膜增厚及腺体增生等.

神经纤维瘤病(neurofibromatosis,NF)又称为多发性神经纤维瘤,是一种常染色体显性遗传病,分为3型,包括罕见的NFⅠ、NFⅡ和神经鞘瘤病[1].其中NFⅠ型在这3型中的发病率最高,占85％～90％[2],临床上表现为皮下多发性神经纤维瘤、皮肤的牛奶咖啡斑、神经胶质瘤、恶性周围神经鞘瘤[3] (malighant peripheral nerve sheath tumor,MPNST).我院收治颈部巨大Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病恶变患者1例,现报道如下.

目的 观察慢性鼻-鼻窦炎(CRS)病人鼻腔/鼻窦黏膜表面细菌生物膜(BBF)的形态特点及其分布,并探讨BBF与CRS的临床相关性.方法 选取67例行鼻内镜手术治疗的病人,包括CRS伴鼻息肉(CRSwNP)组27例,CRS不伴鼻息肉(CRSsNP)组25例,对照组为15例无鼻部症状接受经鼻手术的视神经减压、骨瘤或脑脊液鼻漏的病人.详细记录研究对象一般情况,包括症状评分、鼻窦内镜评分及影像学评分等.所有病人均于术中取中鼻甲、钩突及筛窦黏膜标本,并用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察BBF的形态特点,分析各组间的差异性及不同解剖部位BBF表达的差异性,并对BBF的存在状况与部分临床指标的关系进行分析.结果 不同组BBF表达的阳性率比较,差异均有显著性(x 2=3.957～25.667,P＜0.05).中鼻甲BBF表达的阳性率与筛窦比较,差异具有显著性(x 2 =9.905,P＜0.05).BBF表达阳性的CRS病人总的VAS评分和鼻窦内镜评分与阴性病人相比差异具有显著性(t=5.71、t'=6.62,P＜0.05).两组既往鼻窦手术史、病史长短及鼻窦影像评分,差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论 CRS病人鼻腔/鼻窦黏膜表面存在BBF,BBF的表达情况与CRS的严重程度相关.

目的 探讨不同剂量的外源性白细胞介素17A(IL-17A)干预对变应性鼻炎小鼠气道炎症的影响.方法 将48只小鼠采用随机数字表法分为A、B、C、D、E、F组,每组8只.分别于第0、7、14天将溶于50μL生理盐水的20μg卵清蛋白(OVA)加2 mg铝佐剂腹腔注射处理D、E及F组小鼠,间隔7 d,于第22天开始鼻腔激发,每天每侧鼻孔各滴入OVA 10μL,连续7 d.D、E及F组小鼠于每次OVA鼻腔激发前1 h分别给予生理盐水、IL-17A蛋白100 ng、IL-17A蛋白500 ng滴鼻,A、B及C组小鼠于相同时点予等量生理盐水腹腔注射并滴鼻,B、C组小鼠于每次生理盐水鼻腔激发前1 h分别给予IL-17A蛋白100 ng、IL-17A蛋白500 ng滴鼻.所有小鼠于最后一次激发后评估鼻部症状学变化,Diff-Quik染色观察鼻腔灌洗液(NLF)中嗜酸性粒细胞浸润情况,ELISA法检测血清及NLF中IL-6、IL-10水平,鼻黏膜组织行甲苯胺蓝染色观察肥大细胞数.结果 4周末D组所有小鼠症状学评分均>5分,造模成功.A、B、C、D、E及F组症状学评分分别为1.5(1.0～2.8)、2.0(1.0～3.0)、2.5(2.0～3.0)、7.0(6.3～8.0)、3.0(2.3～3.8)及8.0(7.0～8.8)分.E组小鼠挠鼻及喷嚏次数少于D组(H=21.375,P=0.033;H=20.250,P=0.049).D组小鼠血清及NLF中IL-6水平高于A组(H=25.750,P=0.004;H=20.688,P=0.047),IL-10水平低于A组(H=22.875,P=0.016;H=20.625,P=0.048).E组小鼠血清及NLF中IL-6水平与A组相比差异无统计学意义(H=19.875,P=0.068;H=8.125,P>0.999).E组小鼠血清中IL-10水平高于D组(H=27.062,P=0.002).F组小鼠血清及NLF中IL-6水平高于A组(H=22.250,P=0.008;H=28.688,P=0.001).F组小鼠血清及NLF中IL-10水平与D组相比差异无统计学意义(H=13.062,P=0.930;H=0.500,P>0.999).C组小鼠NLF中嗜酸性粒细胞数高于A组(H=20.688,P=0.047).E组小鼠NLF中嗜酸性粒细胞数低于D组(H=21.188,P=0.037).F组小鼠NLF中嗜酸性粒细胞数与D组相比差异无统计学意义(H=2.875,P>0.999).D组小鼠鼻黏膜组织中肥大细胞数与A组相比增多(H=27.188,P=0.002).E组小鼠鼻黏膜组织中肥大细胞数少于D组(H=20.938,P=0.042).F组小鼠鼻黏膜组织中肥大细胞数与D相比差异无统计学意义(H=1.188,P>0.999).结论 500 ng的外源性IL-17A能促使小鼠鼻腔嗜酸性粒细胞募集,100 ng的外源性IL-17A对变应性鼻炎小鼠模型气道炎症有保护作用.

目的 探讨鼻腔嗅裂区呼吸道上皮腺瘤样错构瘤的特征性CT影像表现及其与慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉在CT表现上的区别.方法 ①回顾性分析17例经组织病理学证实的双侧嗅裂区呼吸道上皮腺瘤样错构瘤的CT资料,探讨其影像学特点.②分别测量17例错构瘤患者、36例鼻息肉患者和41例正常人在轴位和冠状位CT上的嗅裂区的宽度和鼻腔总宽度,计算嗅裂宽度和鼻腔宽度的比值,并进行统计学分析.结果 错构瘤患者的CT层面上显示嗅裂区有与脑灰质呈等密度的软组织影,嗅裂宽度增大.嗅裂宽度的中位数,在轴位和冠状位CT上分别是,错构瘤组11.5 mm和11.8 mm,鼻息肉组7.5 mm和7.8mm,对照组5.4 mm和5.4 mm.各组间差异均有统计学意义(所有P＜ 0.001).鼻腔的总宽度在各组中及两个扫描方位上均没有显著差异.嗅裂宽度和鼻腔宽度比值的中位数,在轴位和冠状位CT上分别是,错构瘤组45.5％和43.5％,鼻息肉组30.0％和30.0％,对照组为22.0％和21.0％.各组间差异均有统计学意义(所有P＜ 0.001).结论 错构瘤组CT扫描下的嗅裂宽度及嗅裂宽度和鼻腔总宽度的比值较正常组和鼻息肉组显著增加.嗅裂膨胀性增宽是提示错构瘤的特征性征象之一,其可以作为错构瘤与鼻息肉鉴别诊断的参考依据.尤其是双侧对称增宽更有诊断价值,双侧嗅裂宽度大于10 mm应高度怀疑有错构瘤的可能性.

目的 研究周围Th17细胞和调节性T细胞在儿童过敏性鼻炎与支气管哮喘中的失衡及临床意义.方法 将2016年8月—2017年12月青岛大学附属医院收治的120例支气管哮喘、 过敏性鼻炎患儿作为观察对象,分成支气管哮喘组(BA组)、单纯性过敏性鼻炎组(AR组)、支气管哮喘合并过敏性鼻炎组(BA+AR组),各40例.对比3组儿童外周血Th17细胞、Treg细胞及FEV1％、IgE、TGF-β1表达水平;分析BA+AR组患儿的FEV1％、IgE和Th17、Treg、IL-17、TGF-β1相关性.结果 BA组、AR组、BA+AR组患儿的周围Th17细胞水平为(7.9±1.3)％、(7.7±1.2)％、(15.6±2.0)％,BA+AR组高于BA组、AR组,差异有统计学意义(t=20.416、21.422,P<0.05);而3组Treg表达水平分别为(2.1±1.2)％、(2.1±1.4)％、(1.0±0.2)％,BA+AR组低于BA组、AR组,差异有统计学意义(t=5.719、4.919,P<0.05);BA+AR组外周血FEV1％、TGF-β1表达水平低于BA组、AR组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);BA+AR组患儿的血浆IgE水平明显高于BA组、AR组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);BA+AR组患儿的血浆IgE水平和Th17、IL-17的表达水平显示为正性相关,和Treg、TGF-β1的表达水平显示为负性相关;而FEV1％水平和Th17、IL-17的表达水平显示为负性相关,和Treg、TGF-β1的表达水平显示为正性相关.结论 儿童过敏性鼻炎与支气管哮喘的周围Th17细胞和调节性T细胞存在失衡情况,并表达水平和IgE、FEV1％具有一定相关性,能为临床诊治提供参考.

This study aims to determine the indications and effectiveness of transnasal endoscopic prelacrimal recess approach (PLRA) in patients with maxillary sinus inverted papilloma (IP).

Background Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a poorly differentiated malignant tumor, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic drugs used for the treatment of NPC. Abnormal expression of RGS17 had been shown to improve the sensitivity of many cancers to chemotherapy; however, the effects of RGS17 on NPC remain unclear. Methods We cultured NPC cell lines and altered the RGS17 expression with vector. Subsequently colony formation assays and CCK8 cell viability assay was used to test the proliferation of NPC cells, flow cytometry was used to determine the percentage of apoptotic cells, MMP kit and flow cytometry was used to measure the mitochondrial membrane potential, and a xenograft tumour model was attached to investigate the effects of RGS17 on the growth of NPC cells in vivo. Additionally, RT-PCR and western blot was induced to examine the expression of RGS17 and the mechanism. Results Here, we report for the first time that RGS17 is downregulated in NPC cell lines and that RGS17 overexpression significantly reduces cell proliferation, decreases the mitochondrial membrane potential, and induces cell apoptosis in NPC cells. In vivo, RGS17 also inhibits the tumorigenicity of NPC. In addition, RGS17 could significantly improve the sensitivity of NPC cells to 5-FU. Furthermore, investigation into the underlying mechanisms showed that RGS17 upregulated the levels of IRE1α, p53, and active caspase-3 and cleaved PARP. Conclusion These results indicate that RGS17 could play important roles in the proliferation, apoptosis, and chemotherapeutic sensitivity of NPC cells.

BACKGROUND:Sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP) is noted for its high rate of recurrence and malignant transformation. Although many clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the endoscopic approach for SNIP, the surgical strategy has been the subject of much debate.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of the endoscopic endonasal approach in SNIP.METHODS:A systematic review of patients with a diagnosis of SNIP and who had surgery at our institution from June 2005 to March 2013 was performed. All the patients who had postoperative follow-up for >2 years were enrolled. Each case was categorized into one of four stages as reported by Krouse. Demographic and tumor date, operative approach, complications, and recurrence rates were collected.RESULTS:A total of 125 patients were included in this study. There were 17 patients in stage 1, 40 in stage 2, 57 in stage 3, and 11 in stage 4. The overall recurrence rate was 8.0%. There was no significant difference in recurrence among the stages (all p > 0.05). Recurrence after endoscopic endonasal approach (8.4%) and a combined endoscopic and open exposure procedure (5.6%) were not significantly different (p > 0.05). The recurrence rate was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in patients with revision (15.6%) than in patients in the primary cases (3.8%). A common site of tumor origin was recorded to be from the maxillary sinus (40.2%). Twenty percent of recurrences were observed up to 5 years after surgery.CONCLUSION:Endoscopic surgery may be preferred for treating SNIP. The elevated recurrence rate after revision emphasized the significance of the first surgery. We encourage a follow-up period of at least 5 years.

Objective To explore whether parathyroid hormone(PTH)levels on postoperative day 1 can predict the re-covery of parathyroid function by determining the PTH levels on postoperative days 1,3,and 30 in patients who under-went total thyroidectomy.Methods The clinical data of 68 patients treated with total thyroidectomy between September 2014 and December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The PTH levels were determined on postoperative days 1,3,and 30.The patients were then divided into three groups on the basis of PTH levels on postoperative day 1: Group A,PTH<5 pg/mL;Group B,5 pg/mL≤PTH<10 pg/mL;and Group C,PTH≥10 pg/mL.Results Higher PTH levels on postoperative day 1 correlated with lower incidence rates of low parathyroid function.On postoperative day 3,there was a difference between Groups A and C,and Groups B and C.Again,on postoperative day 30,there was a differ-ence between Groups B and C.Conclusion If PTH levels on postoperative day 1 are less than 5 pg/mL,it is difficult to recover normal levels and hypocalcemia will occur within 30 days.However,if PTH levels on postoperative day 1 are≥10 pg/mL,it is easier to recover normal levels.

Objective:To identify the relationship between nasal secretion eosinophilia and pulmonary function of patients with AR after treatment of intranasal budesonide.Method:Fifty patients with moderate to severe AR were selected, and compared to 50 normals, all had pulmonary function and nasal secretion of eosinophil number check, experimental group of AR received budesonide+loratadine treatment for 3 months, and then had lung function and nasal secretion eosinophil again, analysised the trends of change between two. Result:Eosinophils of AR patients was higher than its of control group (P<0.05), lung function index MMEF and nasal secretion eosinophilia of 50 AR patients had a negative relationship(r=-0.945，P<0.05).Treated with eosinophils the number of nasal secretion eosinophilia of AR decreased 10 + 5.6, the difference compared to the before of the treatment was statistically significant(P<0.05), compared to the normal control group was significant(P<0.05). After the treatment of budesonide, the trends of change between nasal secretion eosinophils and pulmonary function was a positive correlation(r=0.803,P<0.01). Conclusion:The higher the number of eosinophils in nasal secretions of patients with AR, the more obvious the decline of lung function. After the treatment with budesonide, the more eosinophils decreased in patients with AR, the more obvious the improvement of pulmonary function.