目的 通过分析汕头地区用到汕头大学第二附属医院献血者主要血型系统的抗原分布,为献血者招募及科学合理储存血液提供理论依据.方法 统计分析汕头血站献血者血液分配到汕头大学医学院第二附属医院2011～2013年3798人献血者的登记信息及献血量记录,分别对献血者不同血型系统抗原分布进行比较分析.结果 男性献血者明显多于女性;并且ABO血型表型分布与基因频率都为O＞B＞A＞AB,ABO血型基因频率与我国南方地区相符,具有O基因频率较高的特征.结论 了解我市无偿献血者人群分布特征,从而制订有针对性的宣传招募方略,建立有效的献血队伍,保证临床供应.

目的 了解汕头市健康献血人群人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)感染情况,探讨临床特殊情况用血进行HCMV抗体检测的必要性.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测450份检验合格血液的血清中的HCMV-IgM抗体和HCMV-IgG抗体,并与同期的HBsAg、HCV抗体和HIV(抗体+抗原)、TP抗体的阳性率作比较.结果 汕头市健康无偿献血人群HCMV-IgM的阳性率为2.67%,HCMV-IgG的阳性率为93.78%,远高于同期的HBsAg、HCV抗体和HIV(抗体+抗原)、TP抗体的阳性率.结论 汕头市健康无偿献血人群HCMV阳性率与国内其它地区的报道相近,临床特殊情况用血需对HCMV-IgM进行检测.

目的 了解汕头地区无偿献血人群中巨细胞病毒(HCMV)感染情况, 探讨HCMV的临床检测方法.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对450份无偿献血者血样进行IgM抗体和IgG抗体检测,并进一步对12份HCMV-IgM、HCMV-IgG均阳性的样本、 278份HCMV-IgM阴性而HCMV-IgG阳性样本、10份HCMV-IgM、HCMV-IgG均阴性的血液样本进行荧光定量PCR(FQ-PCR)检测, 并对2种方法的检测结果进行相关性分析.结果 汕头地区无偿献血人群中HCMV-IgM阳性率为2.67%, HCMV-IgG阳性率为93.78%, 经统计分析, FQ-PCR 对HCMV-DNA的检出率高于HCMV-IgM阳性率(P＜0.05).结论 汕头地区无偿献血人群巨细胞病毒感染率与国内其他学者所报道资料相近, FQ-PCR方法能够敏感、准确地检测出HCMV感染.

Objective:To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogen from cranial neuro surgical patients with lower respiratory tract infection after tracheotomy.Methods: The pathogenic bacteria in patients' sputum from patients with lower respiratory tract infection after tracheotomy were strictly identified and analysed by VITEK-AMS automatic microorganism analyser.Results:The strains of bacterial species(278)and funni(34)from 316 specimens were isolated.288 strains were infected by one kind of bacteria and 24 strains were infected by two kinds of bacteria.Among the pathogen,gram-negative bacilli were about 65.4% and Klebsiella pneumoniae(15.4%)was the most predominant,gram-positive coccobacteria were about 23.1% and Staphylococcus aureus(13.5%)was the most predominant,funni were about 10.9% and C.albicans(9.6%)was the most predominant.The drug sensitivity test showed that the ratio of drug resistance of bacteria isolated from sputum was high,but gram-negative bacilli were highly sensitive to imipenem.Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to Nitrofurantoin and Rifampicin.Conclusion:Gram-negative bacilli in cranial neurosurgical patients with lower respiratory tract infection after tracheotomy are the main pathogenic bacteria from lower respiratory tract infection,so the drug sensitivity test of sputum should be done more often and antibiotics must be selected according to the drug sensitivity test.

目的通过对临床用血情况进行分析,提倡合理使用各种血液成分。方法对2003年1月～2005年12月本院住院患者用血情况进行统计。结果三年来本院成分输血率达到99.5%以上,成分血利用率(RBC类)达到98.9%以上,人均用血量逐年下降。各血液成分占成分血量百分比依次为血浆、红细胞、血小板、冷沉淀,白细胞。结论及时分析、掌握医院成分输血情况,对指导临床医生合理、安全地使用血液成分具有重要意义。

s:Objective To study the abnormal results of blood tests and analyie the significance of the results in,prepartal gravicla.Methods:Blood cell was tested by Beckman Coulter ACT diff;blood biochemical analysis,the fanctional targets of liver and kidney were done by BECKMAN COULTER CX9;human hepatitis Bvires,anti-human immunodeficiency virus and anti-human hepatitis Cvirus were tested by ELISA;antibody of syphilis was evaluated by TRUST.Results Some abnormal results of blood teste could be found when gracida were done the tests during prepartum.Conclusions the Abnormal condition of gravida could be found when they were done the series of blood tests during prepartum.And the results could help the obstetrics improve the puality of perpartam.

目的:用甘油复制兔急性肾小管坏死(ATN)模型,观察当归、三七对ATN的保护作用,并初步探讨其机制.方法:40只健康新西兰白色家兔,等分为四组:当归组、三七组、对照组、正常组.当归、三七、对照三组均用50%甘油等渗盐水15ml/kg注入兔双后肢皮下,复制ATN模型,当归组于注射甘油后即刻,第3小时,第6小时,肌注当归注射液50mg/kg,三七组于相同时点肌注三七皂甙50mg/kg,正常组则于兔双后肢皮下注射生理盐水15ml/kg,并于相同时点注射5%葡萄糖注射液.于实验第24小时取血液、尿液和肾脏,检测血清尿素氮、肌酐、尿液总渗透压、尿总氨基酸、肾组织MDA、SOD、GSH-PX、ATP酶、Ca2+、肾组织病理形态学检查.结果:各组与正常组比,肌酐、尿素氮明显升高,说明模型复制成功.当归、三七组无1例死亡,对照组死亡率为30%,血清肌酐、尿素氮、丙二醛、尿总氨基酸、滤过钠排泄分数和肾组织钙含量均明显低于对照组(P＜0.01),而肾组织ATP酶、SOD、GSH-PX活性均高于对照组(P＜0.01),病理形态学变化轻于对照组.以上指标,当归与三七组无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论:当归、三七对甘油所致的ATN有明显保护作用,二者效果无差异,其机制可能与二者均有改善微循环、血液流变学、抑制脂质过氧化反应、保护肾脏抗氧化酶和ATP酶活性及减轻肾组织钙超载有关.

目的验证尼莫地平对脑缺血再灌迟发性神经元死亡(DND)是否有防治效果并探讨其机制.方法采用大鼠四血管脑缺血模型,用HE染色后光镜观察及原位末端标记(TUNEL)检测神经元坏死及凋亡,以药物治疗组与生理盐水对照组作比较,并作统计学处理.结果尼莫地平防治组与生理盐水对照组二者的DND(神经元凋亡及坏死)无显著性差异(P>0.05);HE及TUNEL检测形态均无差异.结论单用尼莫地平不能有效防治脑缺血再灌DND.