Objective:To analyze the characteristics of child cases admitted to accidental injury and provide reliable basis for the prevention of accidental injury.Methods:The clinical data of children admitted to Hunan Children′s Hospital aged 0-18 due to accidental injuries from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The type of accidental injury and characteristic factors such as prognosis, gender, age, time, and location of the child were analyzed.Results:A total of 9 049 children with accidental injury were admitted, accounting for 3.72%(9 049/33 697) of the total number of hospitalized children. The top three types of accidental injuries were falls/drop (3 695 cases), foreign bodies/suffocation (2 639 cases) and traffic accidents (1 165 cases), accounting for 82.87%(7 499/9 049). There were 8 760 cases (96.81%) of improvement and recovery, 178 cases (1.97%) of disability, and 111 cases (1.23%) of unhealed/dead. Among the accidental injuries, 5 833 cases (64.46%) were boys and 3 216 cases (35.54%) were girls, and the incidence ratio was 1.81∶1. There was significant difference between boys and girls in the composition ratio of the type of accidental injury such as falls/falls, foreign bodies/suffocation, poisoning, sharp object injury, drowning ( χ2 values were 3.90-20.56, all P<0.05). Among the accidental injuries, the children aged 1 to<3 years had higher accidental injuries than the other age groups (3 263 cases, accounting for 36.06%), and the composition ratio of accidental injuries in different age groups was different ( χ2 values were 12.98-573.97, all P<0.05). Among the accidental injuries, the accidental injuries occurred in the second quarter and the third quarter were higher than those in the other two quarters (4 892 cases, accounting for 54.06%), and the composition ratio of accidental injuries such as falls/falls, foreign bodies/suffocation, burn and scald, drowning occurred in different quarters was different ( χ2 values were 10.79-18.88, all P<0.05). In the case of accidental injuries, the family was the most likely place of accidental injury, with different types of accidental injuries occurring in different places ( χ2 values were 10.08-2 186.54, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Children′s unintentional injuries are most likely to occur in boys aged 1-<3 years, and fall/fall is the main injury type. Traffic accidents are the most important unintentional injury type leading to children′s unhealed/dead. Different injury types were related to child gender, age, quarter, and place of occurrence.Due to the differences in the occurrence mechanism and injury mode of accidental injuries in different countries and regions, and the majority of accidental injuries can be prevented, targeted preventive measures should be taken according to the characteristics of children′s accidental injuries in different regions, and a comprehensive prevention system for children′s accidental injuries should be constructed to ensure children′s safety.

Objective:To explore the relationship between the neural development of preterm infants and gut microbiota.Methods:66 premature infants who were hospitalized in the Neonatology Department of Hunan Children′s Hospital from September 2018 to September 2019 were included in the study. Their fecal samples and clinical data from the first admission were collected. According to the neurodevelopment, the patients were divided into normal neurodevelopment group and neurodysplasia group. The bacterial DNA of fecal samples was extracted by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis was conducted to compare the composition and diversity of gut microbiota between the two groups.Results:(1) The Shannon index of gut microbiota in normal neurodevelopmental group and neurodysplastic group was 0.89(0.41, 1.51) and 1.01(0.47, 1.31), respectively. There was no significant difference in diversity index between the two groups ( P>0.05). (2) Bifidobacterium, veronica and negativites in the gut microbiota of the normal neurodevelopmental group were significantly higher (all P<0.05), and streptococcus in the gut microbiota of the dysplastic group were significantly higher ( P<0.05). The gut microbiota of the two groups were mainly enterococcus and escherichia shigella. Conclusions:At the genus level, enterococcus and escherichia are the dominant flora of early gut microbiota in preterm infants. Gut microbiota is related to the neural development of preterm infants. The increased abundance of streptococcus, and the decreased abundance of bifidobacterium, veronicus, and negativites may be risk factors for neurodysplasia of preterm infants. The diversity of gut microbiota in early preterm infants may not be significantly related to neural development.

Objective:To analyze the related literature of pulmonary rehabilitation research at home and abroad, understand its research focus and development trend, and provide a reference and basis for future pulmonary rehabilitation research.Methods:Literature related to pulmonary rehabilitation published in the database of Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from January 2015 to February 2022 was retrieved, and the contents such as the number of articles published annually, authors, research institutions, and high-frequency keywords were visually analyzed by bibliometrics and CiteSpace software.Results:The number of articles published each year showed an obvious upward trend from 2015, and the number of Chinese documents was higher than that of English documents from 2019 to 2020. MARTIJN A SPRUIT was the author with the largest number of articles published in English, with a total of 65 articles published, with close cooperation among scholars. Che Guowei was the author with the largest number of articles published in Chinese literature, with 13 articles published in total. The cooperation among the authors was relatively lacking and scattered. The main research institutions abroad were universities, and the institution with the highest number of papers was Maastricht University in the Netherlands, with a total of 85 articles. The research institutions cooperated closely and formed a cooperation network. Hospitals were the main research institutions in China, and the thoracic surgery Department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University had the highest total number of publications, with 14 articles. The cooperation among institutions was not close, and there was a lack of cooperation with universities and scientific research institutions. Through keyword co-occurrence and clustering and timeline view analysis, it was concluded that the research hotspots in this field were pulmonary rehabilitation of patients with different chronic respiratory diseases, the influence of pulmonary rehabilitation on lung function and quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and the intervention methods of pulmonary rehabilitation. The future trend was predicted as the clinical application value of pulmonary rehabilitation in the treatment of lung cancer.Conclusions:At present, pulmonary rehabilitation research is in a stable development period. However, the cooperation between domestic authors and institutions is not close enough compared with foreign countries. In the future, China should strengthen the communication and cooperation between research teams, and learn from foreign research results to further develop the application of pulmonary rehabilitation in lung cancer patients, to promote the development of pulmonary rehabilitation research in China.

Epilepsy is a chronic brain dysfunction caused by the excessive synchronous firing of neurons.It is one of the common nervous system diseases in children.Repeated epileptic seizures often lead to physiological and inte-llectual damage in children, seriously affecting children′s growth, development and health.Previous studies have shown that there are significant differences in intestinal flora between epileptic and normal children.Intestinal flora participate in the development of epilepsy through multiple pathways, including the immune system, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, neurotransmitters and vagus nerve.

Objective:The purpose of this study was to analyze the expression profile of miRNAs in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and to discuss the clinical significance of differentially expressed miRNAs.Methods:MiRNA microarray was used to analyze the expression of miRNA in peripheral blood of 3 pairs of ASD patients-healthy controls; 17 pairs of ASD patients-healthy controls were used to verify the differentially expressed miRNA; Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the differential expression the value of miRNA in the diagnosis of ASD.Results:A total of 32 differentially expressed genes were screened by 3 pairs of miRNA microarray including 12 up-regulated miRNAs and 20 down-regulated miRNAs. miRNA verification of 20 differentially expressed miRNAs showed miR-15a-5p, miR-27a-3p , miR-142-3p and miR-142-5p were significantly down-regulated in children with ASD, with statistically significant difference (all P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the above four miRNAs diagnosing ASD were all greater than 0.70, with sensitivities 94.12%, 100%, 100%, and 82.35%, respectively. Conclusions:The expression of miR-142-3p, miR-27a-3p/miR-15a-5p, and miR-142-5p is down-regulated in the peripheral blood of ASD patients, and has the potential as biomarkers for early screening of ASD.

Objective:To analyze the expression and relationship of miR-379 and human kinesin family member 4A (KIF4A) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).Methods:A total of 52 patients diagnosed with TNBC in breast department at Puji Branch of Dongguan People′s Hospital between January 2016 and November 2019 were retrospectively selected as the study group. Meanwhile, 70 patients with non-triple-negative breast cancer (NTNBC) diagnosed in the same period were selected as the control group. The expression levels of miR-379 and KIF4A in both groups were detected. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn, and the area under the curve (AUC) of miR-379 and KIF4A predicting TNBC was calculated; The relationship between the expression levels of miR-379 and KIF4A and clinicopathological parameters, and the correlation between the expression level of miR-379 and KIF4A were analyzed.Results:The expression level of KIF4A in study group was higher than that in control group [(6.93±0.43) vs (3.75±0.25), P<0.05], and the expression level of miR-379 in study group was lower than that in control group [(0.54±0.17) vs (0.87±0.32), P<0.05]. MiR-379 combined with KIF4A expression had the greatest diagnostic value for TNBC: AUC 0.823 (95% CI: 0.730- 0.917), specificity 0.785, sensitivity 0.950; Univariate analysis showed that there were significant difference in the expression of miR-379 in TNBC patients with different clinical stages, tumor diameter, and lymph node metastasis (all P<0.05); There were significant difference in the expression of KIF4A in TNBC patients with different clinical stages and tumor diameter (all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that miR-379 expression was negatively correlated with KIF4A expression in TNBC ( r=-0.349, P<0.05). Conclusions:The expression of miR-379 is down-regulated, while the expression of KIF4A is up-regulated in patients with TNBC. The two are related to poor clinicopathological characteristics, which indicates that they can be used for condition evaluation of the patients.

Objective:To explore the family resilience resources in parents of children with congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) , so as to provide a reference for formulating nursing intervention to improve their family resilience.Methods:From December 2020 to January 2021, purposive sampling was used to select 13 father or mother of children with CPT in the Department of Orthopedics of Hunan Children's Hospital as the research object. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents of children with CPT using the phenomenological method in qualitative research. Colaizzi 7-step method was used to organize, summarize, analyze and refine the data.Results:The family resilience resources of parents of children with CPT were reflected in three aspects, namely, personal resources, family resources and social resources.Conclusions:Family resilience interventions should make full use of their own resources when implemented in parents of children with CPT. Individualized continuous intervention should be provided by taking into account the learning ability and psychological state of the children's parents and in combination with specific needs. The intervention target should include as many family members as possible, and strengthen the establishment of a diversified support system to help parents of children with a large number of social resources.

[目的]探讨CAP对儿童非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)的临床诊断价值.[方法]选择2016年8月至2020年9月本院肝病中心收治的91例NAFLD患儿,均经肝脏组织活检,同时进行受控衰减参数(CAP)检查.另选取30例其他肝病患儿为对照组,经肝活检证实无肝脂肪变性,同时也进行CAP检测.运用儿童NAFLD组织学评分系统对肝脂肪变性进行分级,并进行相关性分析.[结果]观察组患儿BMI、门冬氨酸转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)、CAP、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)均大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).CAP区分有无肝脂肪变性的AUC为0.955,最佳截断值为222.5 dB/m,95％CI为0.91～1.00,为94.5％、特异性为86.7％,按最佳截断值评估观察组肝脂肪变性准确率为94.51％(86/91).BMI与CAP具有显著相关性(r=0.241,P=0.021<0.05).[结论]CAP对儿童NAFLD的诊断有较高的临床价值,值得临床推广应用.

Epilepsy is one of the common diseases of nervous system.Most children′s epilepsy can be controlled by drug treatment, but 20%—30% of children with epilepsy still have poor control effect after treatment, and eventually develop into intractable epilepsy, which seriously affects their healthy growth.In recent years, it has been found that the intestinal flora has two-way connection with the brain through the brain-intestine axis, including vagus nerve, neuroendocrine hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, intestinal immune system, neurotransmitters and neuroregulatory factors, which have a significant impact on the physiological, behavioral and cognitive functions of the brain, thus playing a role in the occurrence and development of epilepsy.Intestinal flora is closely related to epilepsy and may be a target for epilepsy treatment.Therefore, this review summarized the potential role of intestinal flora in epilepsy treatment.

Objective:To summary the mixed infection as well as clinical characteristics and analyze the risk factors for mixed infection of severe adenovirus pneumonia(SAP) in children.Methods:The clinical data of 114 children with SAP were retrospectively analyzed.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the risk factors for mixed infection.Results:The incidence age was from 6 months to 2 years(62.5%). High fever(94.7%), cough(98.2%), dyspnea(86.8%) and lethargy(95.6%) were the main symptoms.Laboratory examination showed that children with SAP were prone to increased white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and CK-MB, as well as decreased proportion of CD3 + , CD4 + , CD8 + , CD4 + /CD8 + and NK cells.The main complications intrapulmonary organ were respiratory failure(80.7%). The main complications extrapulmonary organ were circulatory complications (55.3%). SAP was easily combined with other pathogenic infections.Streptococcus pneumoniae(22.9%)was the most common bacterial pathogen.Respiratory syncytial virus(10.0%)were the most common virus, in addition, mycoplasma pneumoniae(17.1%) was also common.Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that the decreasing ratio of CD4 + /CD8 + and NK cells, congenital heart disease and congenital airway dysplasia were the independent risk factors for mixed infection of SAP in children( P<0.05). Conclusion:The SAP patients could easily suffer from mixed infection and high fatality rate.Immune dysregulation is the important risk factors for mixed infection of SAP in children.So immunoregulatory treatment is very important.

Objective:Based on the microarray data mining method, the function and pathway of differential genes were analyzed after the differential genes were screened. At the same time, the core genes that determine the prognosis of pediatric hepatoblastoma were screened by coexpression network, and their predictive ability was evaluated.Methods:The microarray expression profile of pediatric hepatoblastoma used in this study was from the European Institute of bioinformatics (http: //). The deadline for data collection was December 31, 2018. Firstly, the differentially expressed genes (gene expression level increased to 2 times or decreased to 1/2 of the original) were screened by SAM method, then the core genes were screened by coexpression network model based on dimension reduction principle, and the gene regulation evaluation score was calculated by MCODE algorithm to evaluate its regulation ability in the whole network model.Results:According to the enrichment results of 213 differentially expressed genes, the highest enrichment degree of signal pathway was metabolic pathways (2 122.529). The misjudgment rate of signal pathway enrichment results was less than 0.001, and the misjudgment rate was statistically significant by SAM method ( P<0.001). A total of 213 differentially expressed genes in different prognosis groups were used as the basis for the construction of the coexpression network. A total of 12 differentially expressed genes were included in the coexpression network. Using the poor prognosis group as the experimental group, and the better prognosis group as the control group, the MCODE algorithm was used to calculate the gene regulatory ability score. The results showed that the highest gene for determining the prognosis control ability of children hepatblastoma was ADH1A gene with a score of 19. In addition, the regulatory ability scores of HAO1, ADH1B, ALDOB and DPYS genes were higher than or close to 5, so they could be considered as the core genes in the coexpression network module. Conclusions:According to the results of coexpression network model, ADH1A gene is closely related to the occurrence and development of hepatoblastoma in children, and its molecular biological evidence needs to be further explored to guide the clinical development of tumor targeted intervention therapy.

Objective:To analyze the predictive value of the mortality risk score for severe hand, foot and mouth disease(MRSHFMD) system for the complications and mortality risk of severe hand, foot and mouth disease(HFMD) in children.Methods:This study included 354 children with severe HFMD who admitted in the pediatric intensive care unit(PICU) of Hunan Provincial Children′s Hospital from March 2012 to March 2014.The patients were grouped according to whether they had complicated nervous system damage, pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage and circulatory failure in the course of disease, and the prognosis was grouped according to their 28 d survival.The worst values of white blood cell count, blood glucose, blood lactic acid, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, within 24 hours after admission were used to score MRSHFMD.The predictive value of MRSHFMD for nervous system damage, pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage, circulatory failure, and prognosis were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results:The blood glucose, white blood cell count, blood lactic acid value, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and MRSHFMD score of the children with HFMD complicated with nervous system damage, pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage and circulatory failure were significantly higher than those in the non-complicated groups( P<0.01). When the cut-off value of MRSHFMD score was 3, the area (95% CI) under the ROC curve were 0.723 (0.643-0.804), 0.870 (0.793-0.946), 0.921 (0.85-0.992), 0.944 (0.867-1.000) and 0.954 (0.000-1.000) of nervous system damage, pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage, circulation failure and death in children with HFMD, respectively.The specificity and sensitivity of predicting nervous system damage, pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage, circulatory failure and death were 44.6% and 95.8%; 67.5% and 95.5%; 83.3% and 95.1%; 89.3% and 95.1%; 90.9% and 93.7%, respectively. Conclusion:MRSHFMD system is an effective tool to predict HFMD complications of pulmonary hemorrhage, circulatory failure, and death, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

目的 评估肝脏瞬时弹性成像技术对儿童肝纤维化的诊断价值.方法 选择2015年1月1日至2018年12月31日在湖南省儿童医院住院治疗的慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患儿及2016年1月1日至2018年12月31日住院的胆道闭锁患儿共153例进行回顾性研究,收集瞬时弹性成像(transient elastography,TE)技术检测的肝硬度测定值(liver stiffness measurement,LSM)及患儿的临床资料.将患儿按以下分组方案进行分组:肝纤维化组(F≥1)和无肝纤维化组(F=0);明显肝纤维化组(F≥2)和无明显肝纤维化组(F<2);进展性肝纤维化组(F≥3)和非进展性肝纤维化组(F<3);肝硬化组(F=4)和非肝硬化组(F<4).结果 TE技术诊断肝纤维化的受试者工作特征曲线下面积(Area under the curve,AUC)为0.850,最佳截点值为7.4 kPa,灵敏度和特异度分别为79.86％、77.78％;诊断明显肝纤维化者AUC为0.864,最佳截点值为9.2 kPa,灵敏度和特异度分别为70.43％、84.21％;诊断进展性肝纤维化者AUC为0.840,最佳截点值为11.2 kPa,灵敏度和特异度分别为62.67％、93.59％;诊断肝硬化者AUC为0.894,最佳截点值为13.3 kPa,灵敏度和特异度分别为70.83％、91.47％.结论 TE技术对儿童不同程度肝纤维化均有较好的诊断价值.

目的:探讨早期血乳酸水平监测对重症手足口病患儿病情及预后评估的意义.方法:选取2012年1月至2013年12月湖南省儿童医院收治的重症手足口病住院患儿362例,按是否发生脑干脑炎分为危重症组68例和非危重症组294例,按不同预后分为死亡组25例和非死亡组337例.入院时检测血乳酸水平,观察脑干脑炎、肺水肿、肺出血和循环衰竭并发症发生情况,比较不同预后患儿血乳酸水平的差异并分析血乳酸水平对诊断各类并发症的影响.结果:危重症组患儿血乳酸水平为(3.97±3.77) mmol/L,非危重症组为(1.46±0.80) mmol/L,死亡组血乳酸水平为(5.67±4.10) mumol/L,非死亡组为(1.47±0.86) mmol/L,危重症组及死亡组均明显高于非危重症组及非死亡组(P＜0.05).以血乳酸3.2 mmol/L为界值,＞3.2 mmol/L组脑干脑炎、肺水肿、循环衰竭、肺出血发生率和病死率较≤3.2 mmol/L组升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).血乳酸水平诊断肺出血、循环衰竭、预后是否死亡的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.81(0.70,0.92)、0.82(0.74,0.94)、0.85(0.74,0.96);血乳酸水平以3.2 mmol/L为界值时,最大约登指数为1.69,对预测发生肺水肿、肺出血、循环衰竭和死亡具有较高的敏感度和特异度.结论:血乳酸水平可反映重症手足口病患儿病情严重程度.入院血乳酸水平＞3.2 mmol/L的重症手足口病患儿可能发生肺水肿、肺出血和循环衰竭等严重并发症,甚至死亡.

目的:了解湖南省儿童医院2013至2017年手足口病肠道病毒病原体的组成，不同病原体所致手足口病重症发生率、并发症发生率及病死率等临床流行病学特征，为预防和治疗手足口病提供依据。方法:收集湖南省儿童医院2013年1月1日至2017年12月31日期间收治住院的所有7 203例手足口病患儿的基本信息、病原体、并发症及预后等临床资料。结果:7 203例手足口病患儿的发病时间主要集中在5～7月份和9～10月份。有1 432例仅感染EV-71，776例仅感染CV-A16，混合感染两种病毒的有1 068例，其他肠道病毒3 927例。轻症型手足口病患儿6 304例(87.52%)，以感染未检测到病原体和EV-71病毒为主，重症患儿899例(12.48%)，以EV-71、未检测到病原体和混合感染为主。死亡56例(0.78%)，2 566例(35.62%)患儿出现并发症。EV-71所致手足口病并发症发生率和病死率均最高，分别为58.24%和1.89%。混合感染所致手足口病患儿并发症发生率为53.46%。结论:引起手足口病最常见的病原体为EV-71和CV-A16，其他肠道病毒可能逐渐成为手足口病的主要病原体。EV-71所致手足口病患儿并发症发生率及病死率高于其他肠道病毒。

Objective:To investigate whether miRNA-296-5p can inhibit enterovirus 71 (EV71) virus replication in neural cells SK-N-SH by targeting the phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/serine/threonine kinases (AKT) signaling pathway.Methods:Serum samples were collected from patients with EV71 virus-infected hand-foot-mouth disease and normal physical examination, and the expressions of serum inflammatory factors procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) , interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and IL-13 were detected by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells infected by EV71 virus in logarithmic growth phase were set up as control group, miRNA-296-5p mimic group and miRNA-296-5p inhibitor group. The transfection was carried out according to the Lipofectamine 2000tm cell transfection reagent. The expression of EV71-VP1 gene mRNA and protein and PTEN/PI3K/Akt signal pathway related molecules in three groups of cells was observed by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot.Results:ELISA test results showed that the levels of serum inflammatory factors PCT, CRP, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-13 in patients with EV71 virus-infected hand, foot and mouth disease were significantly higher than those in normal physical examination ( P<0.05). The results of qRT-PCR and Western blot showed that the mRNA and protein levels of mirna-296-5p and PTEN in SK-N-SH were significantly decreased after EV71 virus infection, while the mRNA and protein levels of EV71-VP1 and molecules related to PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were significantly increased ( P<0.05). The expression of PTEN was significantly increased in the miRNA-296-5p mimic group, and the expression of EV71-VP1 and the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were inhibited, while the effect was reversed in the miRNA-296-5p inhibitor group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:MiRNA-296-5p inhibits the replication of EV71 virus in neural cells SK-N-SH by targeting the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, while reducing the cellular inflammatory response, targeting miRNA-296-5p and downstream PTEN/PI3K/AKT The signal pathway is expected to provide therapeutic targets and theoretical basis for the treatment of hand-foot-mouth disease caused by clinical EV71 virus.

Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease caused by human enterovirus (EVs). It is more common in children under 5 years of age. The clinical symptoms are mainly rash and herpes in the hands,feet,mouth and other parts. Some serious cases may suffer from serious compli-cations in nervous system, respiratory system or circulatory system. Since 1998, HFMD has been mainly caused by enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A16 ( CV-A16 ). In the past 10 years, coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) has gradually replaced EV-71 and CV-A16,and become a main pathogen of HFMD. Many litera-tures have shown that CV-A6 often causes atypical HFMD,which is mainly characterized by a wider and more serious rash and desquamation,and even onychomadesis. At present,there are some reports on the prev-alence and detection methods of HFMD caused by CV-A6. The paper reviewed on CV-A6 related etiology, epidemiology,clinical manifestations and treatment of HFMD.

Objective To explore the predicted performance of cTnI for outcome or severity in children with sepsis.Methods 374cases of children with sepsis were collected in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in our hospital from August 2012to June 2015.The patients were dividided into the common sepsis group, severe sepsis group and sepsis shock group according to the sepsis severity, and improved group, uncured group and death group according to outcome, and the cTnI>0.01μg/mL group and the cTnI≤0.01μg/mL group according to the levels of cTnI.Data on cTnI, PCT, CRP, Cr, Lac, PaO2/FiO2, BUN, PT, INR, WBC and PLT were collected in this study.Results The level of cTnI was significantly higher in children with septic shock (P<0.05) .The level of cTnI in improved group was significantly lower than those of uncured group and death group (P<0.05) .The incidence of severe sepsis and septic shock in the cTnI>0.01μg/mL group was significantly significantly higher than that of the cTnI≤0.01μg/mL group.The levels of Lac, PT and INR in the cTnI>0.01μg/mL group were significantly higher than that of the cTnI≤0.01μg/mL group (P<0.05) .A positive correlation between the level of cTnI and Lac (r=0.324) , or PT (r=0.291) , or INR (r=0.340) were found in the study (P<0.05) .Conclusion Sepsis is prone to be associated with myocardial injury, which is related to the severity and prognosis of sepsis.Insufficient circulatory perfusion, metabolic imbalance and abnormal coagulation function may be the reasons for the rise of cTnI and myocardial injury in children with sepsis.

目的 通过深入了解和分析湖南省县级医院儿科资源现状和儿科医师的执业情况与工作满意度,为完善区域儿科医疗体系和提高儿科卫生服务能力提供科学依据.方法 于2017年5—6月采用普查法,将定量与定性调查相结合,采用统一设计的调查问卷,共调查湖南省境内90所县级医疗机构的482名儿科医师.通过描述性统计方法和综合评价,分析湖南省县级医院儿科医疗服务现状、医师人力资源现状和满意度情况.结果 湖南省县级医院儿科门急诊及住院服务不足.儿科门诊人次约占门诊总人次的18.45％,儿科住院人次约占年住院总人次的16.90％,16.21％ 的机构儿科病房与其他科室共同使用.2011—2015年,儿科医师总数从684人增加到991人;年度流失数为24～43人;新招人数为74～90人,无明显增长趋势.儿科医师工作强度较大,工作满意度较低,超过60％ 的儿科医师感到"很不满意"或"不太满意".结论 湖南省县级医院儿科医疗服务资源不足,医师缺乏,工作满意度低.应通过完善儿科医疗体系建设,整合优质儿科医疗资源;健全儿科医师培养体系,强化儿科人才培养;重视儿科发展氛围,提高人员满意度等措施加强儿科建设,提高儿科医疗服务能力.

Objective To compare the value of three neonatal referal scoring systems in predicting the risk of mortality in preterm and low birth weight infants. Methods Six hundred and fourty-nine prema-ture neonates-fetal age <37 weeks and birth weight <2 500g infants were transported to the neonatal inten-sive care unit of Hunan Children′s Hospital from January 1 to December 31,2016. The score of transport risk index of physiologic stability(TRIPS),mortality index for neonatal transportation(MINT)score and transport related mortality score(TREMS)were conducted for them. Results TRIPS,MINT and TREMS scoring sys-tems of the death group were significantly higher than those of the survival group(P<0. 001). In the multi-variate Logistic regression analysis,systolic blood pressure,reaction of foot hit and the intubation of respirato-ry in the TRIPS entered the regression equation. The birth weight,blood pH value and whether intubation when contacted in the MINT score were included in the equation. Hypotension,hypoxemia and hypercapnia of TREMS were entered the regression equation,indicating these factors were the independent risk factors for death in preterm and low birth weight infants. The area under the receiver operating characteristic and 95%CI of TRIPS,MINT and TREMS were 0. 843(0. 796,0. 889),0. 796(0. 722,0. 871)and 0. 712(0. 639,0. 786), respectively. Conclusion The TRIPS is more accurate than MINT and TREMS in predicting the risk of ref-erral mortality in referaling preterm and low birth weight infants.