Objective To study the rate of ROP and the related risk factors.Methods 201 cases of prematurity were examined by use binocular indirect ophthalmoscope and were recorded about the retina disease and risk factor.Results All prematurity's birth weights were 700～2500g and gestational age were 27～36 weeks.48 cases were CPAP for 1 day to 17 days and 53 cases were inspire oxygen for 1 day to 55 days.There was not ROP.Conclusions To control the inspire oxygen can decrease the ROP.

Objective To study the occurrence of astigmatism,astigmatism type,astigmatism axis distrubution and astigmatism power in the Gansu Province among 6~18 years old elementary and middle school students who has low vision.Methods Using cross-sectional survey design,collect static refractive state data of 19866 eyes among 9933 students who were low in vision in six cities and counties in Gansu Province.The collected data was then entered into SPSS13.0 software for astigmatism statistical analysis.Results In the set of data,astigmatism≥0.5D were 10849 eyes,and the detection rate is 54.61%;There are 3828 cases of binocular astigmatism and 3193 cases of monocularastigmatism,accounting for 38.54% and 32.15% the number of subjects respectively;Astigmatism type: Among 6~ and 7~ years old children compound hyperopia astigmatism is the majority,respectively 57.84% and 37.14%,Among 8 to18 years old groups compound myopic astigmatism is the majority.The incidence percentage increases with age from 44.79% among 8-year-old gradually to 84.43%among 18 year-old;Astigmatism axis: With-the-rule astigmatism is the majority and account for 79.12%,followed by against-the-rule astigmatism accounting for 12.03% and oblique astigmatism is the least which accounts for 8.85%.Astigmatism degree: 0.50~1.00DC accounts for 68.09;~2.00DC accounts for 19.69%;~3.00DC accounts for 5.91%;~4.00DC accounts for 3.18%,and >4.00DC accounted for 3.13%.Conclusions In Gansu Province,astigmatism is a common cause of below normal visionin 6~18 years old elementary and middle school students.Hyperopia astigmatism is the majority among 7-year-old age group.Compound myopic astigmatism is the majority among students above 8 years old.With-the-rule astigmatism is the majority of all types of astigmatism.Most astigmatism level lies between 0.50 and 1.00DC.

Objective To investigate the static refraction condition among primary and secondary students with low vision in Gansu Province.Methods Using cross-sectional survey design,to collect static refractive data of 19866 eyes among 9933 students in six cities and counties in Gansu Province.The collected data were statistically analysed.Results High myopia is 6.75%,moderate myopia is 24.13%,low myopia is 47.44%;high hyperopia is 2.68%,moderate hyperopia is 3.19%,low-grade hypermetropia is 6.55%;emmetropia is 9.27%.In which the highest incidence is low myopia.Myopia first develops in eight years old students with mean refraction increases every year.Between different age groups,the mean refraction shows apparent difference among different sexes,different eyes.In the same age group the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion Low myopia is the primary cause of poor vision for school students in Gansu province.Myopia began at age 8.Following the age incereasing the severity of myopia is kept incereasing,but hypermetropia and emmetropia is kept decereasing.The appearing and developing were not difference among different sexes,different eyes.Refractive problem prevention work should be strengthened to reduce the visual impairment.

目的对164例脑瘫患儿的眼病情况进行归纳总结,以便为此类患者的整体评估及康复提供帮助。方法对1997年5月～2008年5月我院儿童保健科确诊的脑瘫患儿共164例由同一位眼科医生做详细的眼科检查,对检查结果进行归纳总结。结果脑瘫患儿最常见的眼科疾病为屈光不正,发生率为81.10%,且各年龄组远视的发生率接近。其次分别为:斜视(45.12%)、视神经萎缩(18.90%)、眼球震颤(8.54%)。其他尚有小眼球、角膜白斑、黄斑病变、眼睑内翻各1例。无眼部疾病的患儿15例,仅占9.15%。各型脑瘫中屈光不正及斜视的发生率无显著性差异。结论屈光不正是脑瘫患儿最常见的眼科问题,且随年龄增长正视化倾向不明显,提示脑瘫患儿眼球发育可能也有迟滞的现象;斜视在脑瘫患儿中的发生率远高于正常人群。应高度重视脑瘫患儿的眼科问题。

<正>1资料与方法男患儿因早产、生存能力差,出生6小时后(2006年11月15日)转入NICU病房,初步诊断早产儿、新生儿窒息、极低出生体重儿、Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭。出生后20天(12月5日)NICU申请眼科会诊。眼科检查:双眼睑皮下轻度瘀血、

Objective: To investigate the candidal infection status in puerperas in Lanzhou,and the candidal transmission from mothers to their newborn infants.Methods: Vaginal fluid and saliva samples from 104 puerperas,as well as 104 saliva samples from their newborn infants were collected.The candida species were cultured,isolated and identified using CHROMagar media.Further identification was done using molecular biological method.Results: In 81 of 312 specimens(104×2 from mothers and 104 from infants),candida species were found.39.42%(41 cases) was observed in the vaginal fluid and 33.65%(35 cases) was in saliva of puerperas respectively,and 21.15%(22 cases) in both vagina and oral cavity.4.81%(5 cases) was found in oral cavities of newborn infants.The distribution of candida species were 53 Candida albicans,33 Candida glabrata,2 Candida krusei and 1 Candida tropical.In 2 pairs of mother-infant,the same genotype of Candida ablicans was identified using PCR method.Conclusion: The Candida detection rate of newborn infants and transmission rate from mothers to their neonates in Lanzhou are higher than that reported in other areas.The colonization of candida in newborn infants is relevant to both horizontal and vertical transmission.It can decrease the possibility of Candidal infection in newborn infants by controlling the Candidal transmission in hospital and preventing the infection in pregnant women.

<正>新生儿泪囊炎是由先天性泪道发育障碍所造成的,常见者为鼻泪管的下端被先天性残膜或上皮细胞屑阻塞,极少数因鼻部畸形,鼻泪管骨性腔狭窄所至。因泪液和泪囊内分泌物

目的评价对脑损伤儿系统管理,多项评价,综合治疗的效果.方法对所有出生儿童进行脑损伤高危因素筛查,对脑损伤高危儿进行神经精神发育纵向监测,对出现"脑损伤征候群"中的各种障碍均进行全面评价,联合多学科的相关诊疗技术进行综合干预.采用病例对照研究,统计分析用X2检验.结果脑损伤儿中,脑瘫、智力低下、癫痫、听觉障碍、视觉障碍的患病率分别为2.01‰、2.58‰、0.44‰、0.44‰、4.71‰.本研究1岁组小儿脑损伤的患病率低于0岁组小儿脑损伤的患病率,差异有统计学意义,P<0.05.结论将脑损伤儿置于有效的医学监控中,对脑损伤高危儿系统管理,定期进行神经精神发育纵向监测,可以早期发现脑损伤各种征候群,赢得早期干预的时机.

视网膜中央动脉阻塞(CRAO)是一种眼科急症,起病急,视力损害严重,常规治疗疗效差.1991年Schmacham-cherm[1]等首次报道了经眼动脉溶栓的方法治疗视网膜中央动脉阻塞,取得了明显疗效.近年来,随着微导管技术及溶栓的发展和应用,超选择眼动脉溶栓相继报道,为视网膜中央动脉阻塞开辟了一条新的治疗途径,国内尚未见相关报道.

目的探讨新生儿视网膜出血的发生原因.方法对我院新生儿科收治的各类患儿185例进行眼底检查,并对42例新生儿视网膜出血病例进行分析.结果新生儿视网膜出血检出率为22.7%.其中阴道分娩较剖腹产术分娩者检出率高,重度窒息较轻度窒息及非窒息新生儿高,其差异均有极显著统计学意义(P＜0.01);而轻度窒息与非窒息新生儿之间差异无显著性(P＞0.05).新生儿性别、胎次、胎龄、出生体重等与新生儿视网膜出血的发生无关.结论新生儿视网膜出血的发生与分娩方式有关,窒息是引起新生儿视网膜出血的一个不容忽视的原因,而且窒息程度与视网膜出血的发生密切相关.

目的了解中小学生眼病情况,提出眼病预防措施.方法对960名7～15岁中小学生进行视力及外眼检查,对视力低常者进行屈光状态检查,并分析结果.结果初中组学生视力低常率明显高于小学组;近视是造成视力低常的首要原因.近视程度随年龄增长而加重;中小学生眼病,以各类结膜炎及屈光不正最为多见,发病率分别为26.35%、19.08%.结论造成上述两类眼病多发的因素有:不良的用眼卫生习惯,近视距活动太多,远视距活动太少,虚假广告对近视眼防治的误导等.改变学生眼病防治现状,应加强宣传和监督.