为探讨当地粮饲通用玉米获得最高生物产量的最佳合理密度,以桂单166为试验材料,采用田间小区试验,进行了秋季5个不同种植密度的种植试验,对秋玉米主要经济性状、品种综合性状、田间抗性、生物产量、鲜穗比例等方面进行了研究,旨在为粮饲通用型玉米合理密植提供理论依据.试验表明:在相同条件下种植密度4500株/亩处理产量最高,5500株/亩处理鲜穗比例最高.

樱桃番茄属茄科,为一年生直立草本植物,是茄科中最重要的作物之一.它既是蔬菜又是水果,不单外观色泽艳丽、果型优美,而且味道可口、富含多种营养物质,其维生素含量是普通番茄的1.7倍,深受消费者喜爱.

以马铃薯品种费鸟瑞它为材料,设置免耕覆盖稻草(4cm.8cm)以及免耕覆盖稻草后加盖地膜等6种不同的免耕覆盖模式,探讨其对马铃薯植株叶绿素含量、根系活力、硝酸还原酶活性等生理特性的影响.结果表明:免耕覆盖稻草4cm的模式在马铃薯不同生育时期,其叶绿素含量、根系活力、硝酸还原酶活性和淀粉酶活性均维持在较高水平;免耕覆盖稻草8cm后加盖白色地膜的相对较低;其他模式之间的差异不显著.只覆盖稻草的模式相对于其他模式的植株提早衰老.所以,粘壤土的栽培环境可以采用免耕覆盖稻草后加盖地膜的模式,植株可以正常生长发育,还能获得较高的产量和品质.

Double resistance soybean variety BX10 tolerance to aluminum toxicity with high-effect phosphorus and double-susceptible soybean variety BD2 were used as experimental materials,and the changes of water and osmotic regu-lating matters in soybean were studied under phosphorus deficiency and aluminum toxicity by hydroponic culture.The re-sults indicated that water potential in leaf of two soybean varieties was obviously decreased under phosphorus deficiency and aluminum toxicity,and the decreased level for BD2 and aluminum toxicity treatment was the highest.Moreover,the contents of soluble sugar and proline in root and leaf of two varieties were increased by two treatments,and the increased effects of BX10 and aluminum toxicity were obvious.Therefore,soluble sugar in leaf may be the main osmotic regulating matter at the early stage of stress,and proline maybe play a leading role at the later stage,they played a synergistic effect to improve the plant tolerance to stress.

The effects of six mulching treatments on agronomical characters and yield of no-tillage potato were studied in the paper.The result indicated that straw mulching plus plastic membrane had significant effects on seedling growing trend,plant height,crown width,dry weight and yield per plant of no-tillage potato.Among the six treatments,the germination rate,average plant height,crown width,dry weight and yield per plant were the best for treatment 3;the economic output was the highest for treatment 5;the rate of green potato was the lowest for treatment 6;the rate of rotten potato was the lowest for treatment 3;and the rate of commercial potato was the highest for treatment 6.

从选择播种田、开沟做畦、选薯、播种施肥、覆盖稻草、管理水分、病虫害防治和收获等方面介绍了马铃薯免耕全程稻草覆盖栽培技术,以期为该技术在广西的推广应用提供参考.

Wheat variety Aikang 58 was used as experimental material to study the effects of different Pb2+ concentrations on the germination of wheat seed and growth of seedling.The results showed that lead had obvious inhibitory effects on the germination of wheat seed.When Pb2+ concentration was lower than 50 mg/L,it could promote the germination rate of wheat seed and increase the root number.With the increasing of Pb2+ concentration,the inhibitory effect on the germination of wheat seed was stronger,and the root number,root length,seedling height,fresh weight of root,fresh weight of seedling,and vigor index decreased obviously.The inhibitory effect on the growth of the root was stronger than that of the bud.

In the experiment,winter-planting potato variety Feiwuruita was used to compare the effects of four different cultivation modles on the soil temperature,moisture and yield formation.The results showed that for all treatments,in emergence stage different soil lager temperature of conventional model was the highest;in seedling stage,the treatment of no-tillage cover straw and no-tillage cover straw + black plastic rear cover was the highest.The soil moisture content of no-tillage cover straw was the most stable.The emergence rate of conventional model was the highest.The weight of dry matter yield of no tillage cover staw was the highest.Therefore,the cultivation methods of no-tillage cover straw or no-tillage cover straw + black plastic rear cover could improve potato production significantly.

<正>马铃薯(solanum tuberosum L.)是茄科茄属一年生的草本植物,在我国有土豆、山药蛋、荷兰薯、洋芋等多种称谓。马铃薯是世界上分布最广的作物之一,从栽培面积和总产量来看,马铃薯是继水稻、小麦、玉米之后的第

广西地处祖国南疆,属亚热带季风气候,光温资源十分丰富.马铃薯在广西已有100多年的栽培历史,农民早形成了种植马铃薯的习惯.发展冬种稻草覆盖免耕马铃薯是一项充分发挥我区冬闲田温光资源优势,满足市场需求的优势产业.

总结了非洲菊组织培养进展情况,分析了非洲菊组织培养快繁研究中存在的问题及解决措施,并对非洲菊组培快繁前景进行了展望。

In the experiment,winter-planting potato variety Zaodabai was used to compare the effects of five different cultivation models on the chlorophyll content in leaves,root activity,nitrate reductase activity in leaves of potato,etc.Five different cultivation models included conventional cultivation model,micro-tillage with rice straw covering,no-tillage with rice straw covering,no-tillage with rice straw and common plastic film covering,no-tillage with rice straw and black plastic film covering.The results showed that the content of chlorophyll,the activities of nitrate reductase,sucrose invertase and amylase in leaves and root activity for micro-tillage with rice straw covering were relatively higher at different stages,that of conventional cultivation model was lower,and that of other treatments had no obvious difference.Moreover,conventional cultivation model made the plants be prone to premature senescence.Therefore, micro-tillage with rice straw covering model was suggested for winter-planting potato in clay loam soil,and conventional cultivation model for sandy loam soil,which were beneficial to regulate the physiological metabolism process of potato plant,and improved the yield and quality of potato.