目的 监测舰艇在遭受水下非接触爆炸冲击试验过程中所受冲击作用大小及舰员的生理参数变化,为实船水下爆炸冲击试验的安全防护提供依据.方法 在水面舰艇遭受水下1000 kg TNT当量的沉底水雷相距100 m的非接触爆炸冲击作用时,利用动态多参数生理记录检测仪(简称生参仪)对处在舰艇不同位置的9名舰员和1名模拟假人进行生理指标(心电图、心率、呼吸率、体表温度)及两轴向加速度值(Gz、Gy)监测记录;假人只监测Gz、Gy值.同时在舰艇内多个部位安放生参仪检测盒,监测记录舰体所受冲击力的大小.结果 人体表心脏水平所受冲击力Gz值为(0.23～2.17)G,Gy值为(-0.39～0.66)G,在人体可承受的范围内.假人体胸部所受冲击力Gz值为(0.13～1.92)G,Gy值为(-0.42～0.85)G,高于同一位置的真人体.舰体所受Gz值为(3.41～>9)G～(-2.90～-5.45)G;Gy值为(0.91～2.98)G～(-0.49～-1.82)G,明显高于人体所受的冲击强度.爆炸前、后舰员的心率及呼吸率明显增快,爆炸前最快心率(107～171)次/min,最快呼吸率(22～29)次/min;爆炸后最快心率(113～155)次/min,最快呼吸率(24～33)次/min,爆炸后30 min内平均心率和平均呼吸率均高于爆炸前,平均心率前后对比有统计学意义(t=2.929,P=0.019).体表温度爆炸前后无明显变化.爆炸过程中没有发生人体损伤.结论 水下爆炸冲击试验对人体自主神经功能有较大影响,本试验中舰员所受冲击作用强度及生理参数变化在安全范围内.

目的 了解预警机及运输机飞行人员远程飞行自觉症状、主要不利因素及疲劳缓解措施,为制定有针对性的航空卫生保障措施提供依据.方法 采用自行设计的《空军飞行人员远程飞行卫生保障调查表》对预警机飞行人员160名及运输机飞行人员60名进行调查,内容涉及远程飞行的基本情况、飞行中的自觉症状、引起身体不适症状的原因、飞行中和飞行后的疲劳缓解措施以及卫生保障需求建议等.在航空军医的主持下举行飞行人员座谈会.结果 远程飞行中多发自觉症状有困倦、腰背疼痛、口干、眼睛干涩、颈部痛,主要不利因素有噪音、颠簸、振动、留空时间、电磁辐射、机上饮食;飞行中的疲劳缓解措施主要包括肢体活动、交替飞行、小睡、饮用咖啡因饮料、聊天等,飞行结束后的疲劳缓解主要措施包括充分睡眠、热水浴、理疗、锻炼和听音乐等.座谈中预警机飞行人员反映的主要问题是电磁辐射的防护和长时间飞行后身体不适等,运输机飞行人员反映的主要问题是机上的休息设施缺乏和执行突发任务时的饮食保障等.结论 空军远程飞行中多发自觉症状是困倦、腰背疼痛和视力疲劳,建议有针对性地制定预防措施.

The objective of this study is to investigate blood routine changes of aerotransport crew and mice under the microwave radiation (MW) exposure for health promotion strategy. According to their duty, airfield staff were divided into two groups: radar operator group (N = 25); and common worker group (n = 48), and their blood was collected for blood routine analysis. Thirty Kunming male mice were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10): the sham MW group, MW one-time group, and MW three-time group. Microwave radiation conditions are as follows: average surface density of MW is 10 mW/cm2 and the frequency of MW exposure is once every two days and 15 min every time. After the final MW exposure, the blood of mice was collected for blood routine analysis. Results: compared with common worker group, the case of low WBC quantity in radar operator group increased significantly (P < 0.05); and compared with the sham MW group, RBC quantity of MW three-time group decreased obviously (P < 0.05). Conclusion: MW radiation can injure WBC of radar operators or RBC of mice, and it may threat the health of airfield staff.

Objective To investigate the effects of plateau flight on physiological parameters and flight workload of high performance fighter pilots.Methods Thirteen healthy male highperformance fighter pilots entered plateau in 2 batches,8 pilots stationed for 3 months and the others stationed for 1 week.Pilots' heart rate was tested before flight and compared with the referenced value that previously tested at normal altitude level.Pilots＇ physiological parameters were detected for 25 sorties that covered 4 flight conditions (patrol,air combat,night flight,virgin flight on plateau).The changes of heart rate and respiratory rate were analyzed.Results ① Pilots' heart rate detected before flight was significant higher than the referenced value (t=5.447,3.269,P＜0.05).②Heart rate significantly varied in different flight phases and among different flight conditions (F=9.831-204.906,P＜0.01).Pilots' heart rate in preparation,taxiing and taking-off,approaching and landing phases was significant higher than that in level flying phase (P＜0.01).Condition 4 (virgin flight on plateau) caused higher heart rate than that in other flight conditions in all phases except in quiet (P＜0.01).③There was significant difference on respiratory rate in different flight phases and conditions (F=1.971-140.035,P＜0.01).Pilots＇ respiratory rate in the landing of condition 2,3 and 4 was much higher than that in condition 1.Pilots' respiratory rate in all phases of flight condition 4 was the highest (P＜0.05 or 0.01).④Pilots' heart rate significantly reduced when backup oxygen supplied in landing and the mean decrease was (15.89±6.37) beat/min (t=5.580,P＜0.01).Conclusions For the pilots stationed on plateau the physiological and flight workloads are much higher than theirs on plain.It is recommended that keeping pilots mask wearing and backup oxygen supply in landing would be beneficial to reduce the cardio-pulmonary loads caused by hypoxia.

This paper introduces a biofeedback type relaxation training apparatus with USB interface,using C8051F320 as the core device of the software and hardware design.The system benefits the users to obtain physiological signal in natural conditions and applies to long-term continuous detecting.

Objective To establish a self-feedback training system for the physical and mental relaxation with excellence performance.Methods Traditional relaxation methods were combined with the modern biofeedback technology.The effective physical parameters were made use of objective evaluation and feedback index of relaxative state.Results The feedback training was realized for relaxation methods of over 10 sorts,with the guiding language,the multi-scene screen feedback, sound feedback and the training evaluation.The effective feedback information was provided to the trainers in training on or after training.Conclusion The system sets up a good environment for mental relaxation methods learning and training,which can guide people to grasp the methods faster and better.

Objective To investigate the effect of aerobatic flight on high performance fighter pilots' physiological characteristics and to analyze their work loads in such flight.Methods Ten healthy male military pilots executed 17 aerobatic flights.Electrocardiograph was recorded during flight,and heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) were analyzed.Results During aerobatic flight,HR and HRV showed increasing sympathetic nerve regulation.The mean HR,max HR at aerobatic stage was (92.3 ±13.2),(101.2 ±15.9) beats / min and significantly higher than those in other stages respectively(F=58.479,35.209; P＜0.01).The ratio of LF and HF (LF/HF) significantly increased in aerobatic stage,and the difference with that in acrobatic stages were statistic meaning(F=19.893,P＜0.01).Conclusions High performance fighter pilots endure high G and high G onset in aerobatic flight.The increasing sympathetic nerve regulation indicates pilot's high physical and mental workload.

目的:调查了解不同岗位安保官兵的心理健康水平。方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对执行某次重大安保任务的某部204例官兵进行心理健康水平测评,并与中国军人常模和中国成年人常模比较。结果:本次共检查出阳性60例,因子分值≥3分者13例;不同岗位安保官兵阳性检出率差异不显著(P>0.05)。不同岗位安保官兵SCL-90阳性项目数、阳性项目平均分、总分及各因子分值差异不显著(P>0.05)。安保官兵SCL-90总分、阳性项目数、阳性项目平均分及各因子分值均非常显著低于中国军人常模(P<0.01);除躯体化因子外,安保官兵SCL-90各因子分值均非常显著低于中国成年人常模(P<0.01)。结论:不同岗位安保官兵的心理健康水平均较好。

随着我空军高新武器装备的发展,新型大型运输机成为空军装备力量的主要成员.机上飞行人员的健康状况不容忽视,直接影响着该型飞机的战斗力生成.笔者对两机型运输机飞行人员的健康状况进行了初步调查,旨在探讨某新型运输机与大型运输机上飞行人员的健康状况是否存在机型间差异,分析其可能的影响因素,以提出有针对性的航卫保障措施.

Objective Trying to identify the state of sleep and wake using ECG parameters. Methods Recording physiological signals of testee using KF2 dynamic multi-parameter physiological detecting device and polysomnography (PSG) simultaneously to establish the sleep-wake identification method based on ECG parameters. Results The agreement of sample data with PSG was 86.0% in identification of sleep and wake. Conclusion As the identification algorithm based on ECG parameters has a higher consistency of the results with PSG in identification of sleep and wake, ECG parameters provide a feasible method with basic identification of sleep and wake state.

The present invention relates to an integrated combination of two PPG sensor arrangement and GSR detected physiological parameter. PPG is the best finger and detecting a position of the GSR, but usually requires the use of three fingers or finger clip implemented embodiment, three fingers worn on use. The present invention will GSR sensor, the PPG sensor are integrated in a finger grip or finger, worn on a finger, enable detection of both signals. Advantage of the present invention are: to simplify the sensors, easy to use, reducing the impact on human detection and reduce the cost.

Objective:To explore the characteristics of mental stress of novice and experienced parachutists using heart rate variability.Methods: RR-interval data was collected from 30 novice and 20 experienced parachutists during military jump trainings,and short-term heart rate variability parameters were calculated.Following the forthcoming of jump trainings,the decrease of HF and HFNU and the increase of LFNU and LF/HF were observed both in novice and experienced parachutists.Results:In the experienced parachutists,there was no significant difference between the HF,HFNU and LFNU at the airport and on the plane.But significant difference was observed in the novice.In addition,HF and HFNU of the experienced at the camp or on the plane were higher than that of the novice.However,LFNU and LF/HF were lower.Conclusion:Compared with experienced parachutists,mental stress level of novice parachutists during military jump training was high,and the change was great.

Objective To investigate the effects of high intensity flight on physiological indices and subjective evaluation of flight work load of high performance fighter pilot.Methods Five healthy male military pilots executed 22 high intensity flights in one day.Electrocardiograph was recorded during flight,and heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) were analyzed.Flight work load and subjective fatigue feeling were evaluated by pilots themselves.Results During high intensity flight,heart rate and HRV showed an apparent circadian rhythm.Heart rate,low frequency normalized unit (LFnu) and ratio of low and high frequency (LF/HF)in night time were lower than those in day time,but high frequency normalized unit (HFnu).There was no obvious subjective fatigue feeling commented by pilots.Conclusions High intensity flight of high performance fighter pilots has some effects on physiological indices,but no flight fatigue so far.Rational disposition of flight and adequate aeromedical support could be beneficial to pilot's recovery and the alleviation of flight fatigue.

Objective To investigate the circadian changes of heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) on radar operators in day and night shifts. Methods Twenty-one military radar operators were selected as subject. Their HR was gotten from continually electrocardiogram recorded by a biomedical monitoring system in four different working shifts (morning, afternoon, early night and late night) and HRV was analyzed. In addition, each shift was divided into four phases and the average HR of different phases in same shift was compared. Results There was significant difference of average HR among four shifts (F=7. 287, P＜0.01). The average HR in late night was significantly lower than that in other three shifts. Comparing with morning and afternoon shifts, high frequency normalized unit (HFNU) in late night shift was significantly increased (P＜0.05). Low frequency normalized unit (LFNU) in late night shift was significantly decreased comparing with those in morning and afternoon shifts (P＜0. 05). The average HR in different phase of a shift showed significant differences among morning, afternoon and early night shifts (F= 5. 480, 3. 150, 3. 850,P＜0. 05 or P＜0. 01), and gradually decreased with working time. However, there was no significant difference of average HR in different working phase of late night shift. Conclusions Circadian change would significantly influence the HR and some HRV indices of military radar operators.

Objective To observe the occupational stress of aircrew in two-type transport aircrafts by analyzing the parameters of in-flight heart rate variability(HRV).Methods 26 aircrew of special assignment airlift mission(group A) and other 24 aircrew of common transport mission(group B) were served as subjects.Their in-flight electrocardiogram(ECG) were monitored by using in-flight physiological parameter recorder for pilots and RMSSD,VLF,LF,HF,LF/HF and some other parameters of HRV were analyzed.Results There was no significant difference in the in-flight heart rates between the two groups(t = 1.62,P >0.05).Some HRV parameters(RMSSD,VLF,LF,HF,LF/HF and TOTAL) in group A were significantly higher than those in group B(t = 9.77 ～ 14.66,P <0.01).Conclusions The in-flight stress degree of the aircrew in group A is significantly higher than that in group B.

目的 评价不同睡眠时间对模拟飞行工作能力的影响.方法 8名健康男性青年志愿者,分别睡眠6 h、5 h、4 h后进行模拟飞行试验,分上、下午进行,各连续模拟飞行2 h,中午不能午睡,隔周重复试验,比较各受试对象不同睡眠时间的睡眠效率与模拟飞行成绩.结果 不同睡眠时间的睡眠结构和睡眠质量之间有显著差异,睡眠4 h、5 h后较睡眠6 h后的飞行成绩(正确保持率)明显下降.结论 睡眠不足对模拟飞行成绩有明显影响.

Objective To monitor the explosion impact and its influence to the shipboard personnnel's physiological state by BodyMonBelt-a biomedical monitoring equipment for aviation in the experiment of non-contact underwater explosion on warship and to promote a real-time monitoring technique. Methods In the experiment of non-contact underwater torpedo explosion on warship, 9 shipboard personnel and a manikin, who were in different locations, were monitored by BodyMonBelt. The recorded parameters included ECG, HR, respiratory rate, body temperature and bi-axial acceleration values (Gy and Gz), of which only accelerations were recorded on manikin. Several other BodyMonBelt devices were placed in different location for recording the explosive impact to ship body. Self-comparimn analysis on HR,respiratory rate and body temperature that measured in 30 min before and after explosion was taken.Results The acceleration range applied by explosion at heart position was respectively 0. 23-2. 17 G and -0. 39-0. 66 G along Gz and Gy axis and those were in endurable range of human body. The highest HR and respiratory rate prior to explosion could be in the ranges of 107-171 beats/min and 22-29 times/min and average HR and respiratory rate, gathered at 30 min after explosion, were higher than those before explosion (t=2.929, P=0.019). The body temperature had no significant change in experiment. Conclusions BodyMonBelt could accurately record the explosion impact that applied on ship body and shipboard personnel, and simultaneously monitor the related physiological changes. It would be an applicable equipment in analyzing physiological and psychological state of the people who works in hazardous environment. By analyzing the BodyMonBelt recorded results and comparing physiological tolerance limit, it is showed that wearing proper shield and maintaining right posture could effectively protect the shipboard personnel from the explosive impact at experiment equivalent grade.

目的 了解空军某部雷达兵心理健康状况,供制定心理卫生保障措施参考.方法 采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对61名雷达兵进行心理健康测评,并与中国军人常模、1986年和1999年中国正常人常模比较.结果 某部雷达兵SCL-90的症状因子除人际关系敏感、偏执和精神病性外,躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、敌对和恐怖因子均值显著高于中国军人常模(t=2.747～4.698,P<0.01);人际关系敏感症状因子均值显著高于1986年正常人常模(t=2.631,P<0.05);躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执和精神病性因子均值均显著高于1986年正常人常模(t=3.768～6.779,P<0.01);强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑和恐怖因子均值高于1999年正常人常模(t=5.508、2.093,P<0.05),躯体化和敌对症状因子显著高于1999年正常人常模(t=2.936～5.508,P<0.01).结论 某部雷达兵存在一定程度的应激问题,出现不同程度的不良心理反应,应该制定相应的心理卫生保障措施,给予心理疏导.

Objective To compare the change of performance and subjective workload of radar operators after day shift. Methods Twenty-one radar operators in a troop were selected as subjects. Their performances of pursuing computer simulated radar signal and recognizing target and fatigue degree, which scaled by the critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF) and the score of crossing out, were tested before and after the duty of day shift(8:00-12:00 and 12:00-18:00 was defined as morning and afternoon shift respectively). The subjective evaluation of workload was done at same time.Results CFF value that measured after morning and afternoon shift was respectively 30.34±1.49 Hz and 31.11±1.53 Hz, which was significantly lower than that before morning (31.61±1.84)and afternoon shift (32.41±2.13) (t=5.49, 4.64, P＜0.01). The subjective workload after shifts (4.94±0.85, 5.06±0.77) was respectively increased (t=9.91, 14.26, P＜0.01) comparing with that before shifts. In comparison of the state before shift, the time of recognizing radar signal after morning shift was significantly longer (t=2.51, P＜0.05) and the errors of crossing out after afternoon shift was significantly increased (t=2.85, 2.24, P＜0.05). Conclusions Continued day shift would cause radar operators' significant fatigue that appeared as decreased performance and increased subjective workload.

目的 探讨视觉疲劳综合防护措施对空军某地面雷达操纵人员视觉疲劳的防护效果.方法 以首都空军某部队雷达操纵人员共30例为对象,在应用视觉疲劳防护措施前后分别进行临界闪光融合频率(CFF)检测、眼部视力、结膜炎等不适症状检查.视觉防护措施效果观察采用主观评价问卷调查和眼部检查,并进行前后对比分析.结果 综合防护措施防护后,除眼睑沉重和眼睛干涩外,眼睛酸胀、眼痛、流泪、畏光、充血、视物模糊、视力下降和结膜炎等眼部不适症状较防护前明显减轻,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);视觉防护措施应用前后,CFF的差异亦有统计学意义(t=3.499.P＜0.01).结论 视觉疲劳综合防护措施对首都空军雷达操纵人员视觉疲劳具有明显的防护效果.