以人工种植黑皮鸡枞菌为原料,分别对其和平菇、海鲜菇、白玉菇、香菇和金针菇的营养成分、色泽、抗氧化活性、质构特性进行分析和评价.结果表明:在设定25、50、75、100℃四个预煮温度下,黑皮鸡枞菌的相关物理特性与其它五种食用菌相比,硬度、弹性及咀嚼性更好.分析发现黑皮鸡枞菌子实体包含17 种氨基酸,必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的33.98％,菌盖中的总氨基酸含量是菌柄的1.27倍.黑皮鸡枞菌中甜味氨基酸(甘氨酸和丙氨酸)和鲜味氨基酸(天冬氨酸和谷氨酸)含量相对较高,其中鲜味氨基酸总量为12045.97 mg/100 g,占氨基酸总含量百分比为76.73％,是海鲜菇的1.01 倍,阐明了黑皮鸡枞菌食用时口味鲜美的原因.黑皮鸡枞菌乙醇提取物中总酚含量4.86 mg/g(鲜重);在选定的6种食用菌中,黑皮鸡枞菌的抗氧化能力最高,其DPPH·、ABTS+·和·OH清除能力的IC50值分别为0.656、0.234、0.654 mL/mL.综合而言,人工黑皮鸡枞菌作为一种食用菌,具有良好的食用口感和较高的营养价值.

Objective:Six plants with high polyphenol content were selected for deodoring effect on isovaleric acid,trimethylamine,ammonia and indole.Method:The plant materials were dried at a low temperature and then grinded.The active ingredients of each sample powder were extracted with warm water combined with ultrasonic vibration.The total phenolic content of the plant extracts was determined with Folin-denis reagent.The second part of the study was evaluation of these crude extracts for the deodorization of these typical odor compounds.A certain concentration of odor compounds were added into 100 mL glasse bottles with a rubber stopper and then some amount of plant extracts were injected respectively.Eliminating effects of samples to the four odor compounds were investigated by GC-MS and sensory evaluation after shocking and incubating 30 min at 40 ℃.Result:(1) The highest yield of polyphenols was from tea extract,while persimmon skin extrat showed the minimum content.However,there were significant differences between them.(2)Deodorizing ability of crude extracts to the four compounds exhibited different levels.Especially,eliminating capacity to trimethylamine and indole was significantly high,but all these samples had little effect on the ammonia removal.In conclusion,polyphenolic content of plant extracts and deodorizing effect were correlated to a certain degree through all these studies.

中棉所60于2009年5月通过河北省农作物品种审定委员会审定(冀审棉2009002号),2012年通过天津引种认定(津准引棉2011002);2013年通过陕西省农作物品种审定委员会审定(陕审棉2013001号),系当年陕西省审定的唯一棉花新品种.该品种在陕西省区试及试种示范中的表现如下.

不同时期播种15个稳定的超早熟短季棉育种材料,调查株铃数、单铃重、衣分、籽棉和皮棉产量,检测上半部平均长度、整齐度指数、马克隆值、伸长率、断裂比指数五项纤维品质指标,分析播期不同对超早熟短季棉产量性状、纤维品质性状的效应差异.结果表明:不同播期的相同品系产量性状指标比较晚春播播种较高;纤维品质比较夏播播种较好;不同品系主要性状指标差异明显.

The maturity,yield and fiber quality are important contents in super early mature cotton breeding.In order to realize cotton-wheat double cropping in central and southern of Hebei Province,cotton stable strain should be selected which the growth period was about 110 days,the yield was higher or equivalent to spring sowing cotton,fiber quality meet national certification standards.Through continuous system selection and composite cross with multiple parents of more than 500 copies of early maturing cotton germplasm materials by The Semi-arid Agriculture Science and Technology Research Center of China,20 excellent super early mature cotton strain were bred after Xiazao No.2 and Xiazao No.3 which bred and approved through the national crops variety examination and approval committee in 2011,among them there were three high yield strains,three high tensile strains,one long and medium staple cotton strain.

The growth period,single plant boll,boll weight,lint percentage,seed yield,lint yield and five fiber quality indicators which including UHML,UI,MIC,Elg and Str have been observed by sowing 15 stable super early mature cotton seeding materials in dates which created different flowering stageand opening stage.By analyzing the influence on comprehensive characters of growth,yield and fiber quality,properties of yield,stability and adaptability in sowing dates have been tested.The result showed that higher yield indicators of same strain existed in later spring sowing but better fiber quality facters come into being in summer sowing;the main indicators of strains are diversity,seven excellent species are available for the cotton product.

中棉所60(审定原代号:sGK中156)由中国农业科学院棉花研究所、国家半干旱农业工程技术研究中心等单位共同选育而成,属转基因抗虫常规棉品种.2009年5月通过河北省农作物品种审定委员会审定(审定编号:冀审棉2009002号).

夏早2号(原代号:349系)和夏早3号(原代号:546系)系国家半干旱农业工程技术研究中心以有限零式果枝型CZD-1为母本、GK12为父本,其F1再与sGK中156杂交,经多年选择比较鉴定,于2003年育成.2004年至今一直在河北省中南部进行麦后直播试验和示范.

<正>近年来,绿盲蝽危害葡萄日趋严重。由于绿盲蝽虫体小,危害发生早,白天隐藏,夜里活动,危害初期受害症状不明显,常造成防治不及时,影响葡萄正常生长。1绿盲蝽危害状绿盲蝽以刺吸式口器串食葡萄嫩芽叶,被害处形成红褐色针头大小的坏死点,随叶片的伸展长大,以

<正>衡水市是老棉区,每年棉花播种后都有棉农反映出苗不好的情况。这不仅降低了农民收益,而且有的还因此发生种子质量纠纷,造成不必要的麻烦。现将棉花缺苗的原因及防止对策分析总结如下,以供参考。1原因分析1.1棉花自身特性1.1.1生理特性。

Two F2 segregate population were constructed by unbounded fruit branch type and bounded fruit branch type.The method of joint analyses of multiple generations with P1,P2,F1 and F2 of major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model was used to analyze the genetics of cotton fruit branch type.The results showed that cotton fruit branch type was controlled by two major gene with additive-dominance-epistasis effects plus polygenes and with accordance in two populations.Two major genes have additive effect mainly and there was epistatic dominance effects between two major genes.The correlation analysis indicated that unbounded branch plant was positive correlation with boll weight,seed cotton yield,fiber yield and growth period.

在不同生态区进行了超早熟短季棉播期及种植密度试验,分析了不同的播期及密度处理对霜前花率及产量性状的影响.试验结果表明,黄河流域棉区超早熟短季棉夏播适宜种植密度为13.5万～18万株·hm-2,麦后直播播期应越早越好,不同的种植地区还应该根据水肥条件、气候及实际情况确定合适的播期及种植密度.

西瓜是优良的夏季水果,它汁液甘甜,营养丰富,深受城乡居民喜爱.随着人们生活水平的不断提高,它已不单是季节性水果,而是一年四季市场都有需求,并且对品种、质量要求更高.张家口坝上高寒区光照强,昼夜温差大,独特的气候条件和土壤质地非常适合小西瓜栽培.近年来,张家口地区充分发挥自然气候和地理优势,发展礼品小西瓜错季生产,成为坝上农牧民致富的一条有效途径,倍受农牧民的欢迎.

中棉所60(审定原代号:sGK中156)由中国农业科学院棉花研究所、国家半干旱农业工程技术研究中心及中国农业科学院生物技术研究所共同选育而成,属转基因抗虫常规棉.1997年冬以转基因抗虫棉sGK9708(中棉所41)优系为母本,与优质材料53选系(53系为陆海杂交后代系统选育而成的陆地中长绒棉品系,其株型较紧凑,塔形,茎秆绒毛较多)为父本杂交,1998年F1与中棉所12辐射高代材料杂交,冬季南繁并选择优良单株.1999年进行株系鉴定,冬季进行南繁.2000-2004年多次单株选择,测定品质,培育出遗传稳定的转基因抗虫棉新品系sGK中156.

It was studied that the effect of Kanamycin and Hygromycin on the growth of subcultured explants and the efficiency of adventitious bud regeneration from leaves in vitro by using seedless grape cultivar of Melissa cultured in vitro, in order to determine the optimal concentration for the adventitious bud regeneration and trangnic plants screening; and the effect of the concentration of Cefotaxime and Carbenicillin on the efficiency of adventitious bud regeneration, in order to determine the optimal antibiotics and their concentration used after co-culture process. The results showed that the subculture plantlets were more sensitive to Hygromycin than to Kanamycin. The Hygromycin was considered to be more useful than Kanamycin as a selecting marker during gene transformation in grapes. The supplying of Hygromycin 3.0 mg/L in the media could led the subculture plantlets to death and was suggested to be used as the optimal concentration for transgenic lines screening. The supplying of Hygromycin 3.0 mg/L in the media could fully restrict the adventitious bud regeneration and could be used as a selecting pressure for the regeneration of adventitious buds with antibiotic-resistant. The supplying of Cefotaxime 300 mg/L or Carbenicillin 400 mg/L could eliminated the growth of Agrobacteria eventually, but it could limit the adventitious bud regeneration from leave as well.

<正>1播种时间晚春播在5月15～20日,夏直播6月1～10日,不晚于6月12日。品种可选夏直3号。2播种方式用玉米播种机独腿耧播种,或采用45厘米等行距人工点播种植,每亩用种2公斤。播深1～1.5厘米。播后立即

国家半干旱农业工程技术研究中心经过多年的努力,培育出一批超短生育期的早熟棉新类型.为了探索超早熟短季棉麦后(夏)直播的可行性,实现黄河流域麦棉两熟双高产的种植制度提供科学依据,开展了本项研究工作.

国家半干旱农业工程技术研究中心棉花育种课题组,利用国内外早熟棉花种质资源通过辐射育种,目前已培育出一批超早熟棉花新材料和稳定的新品系.这些品系的突出特点为:生育期短,在河北春播生育期为110天左右,夏播100天左右;第一果枝节位低,春播2～3,夏播3～4;植株紧凑,为零式果枝或Ⅰ式果枝;棵小耐密,在适度化控条件下,株高50 cm左右,适于高密度种植;开花、结铃、吐絮集中,10月15日基本吐絮完毕;产量较高,密度为每公顷12万株和促早栽培情况下,子棉产量达到每公顷3000～3750 kg,皮棉产量达1200～1500kg.

研究了培养基种类、植物生长调节剂配比、糖浓度及抗氧化剂对磨盘柿继代增殖效果的影响.结果表明:DKW培养基配合适当的激素种类及浓度(ZT1.0～2.0 mg/L+IAA0.1 mg/L),以及30～40 g/L食用白砂糖作碳源,适宜磨盘柿继代苗的分化和生长;培养基中加入PVP可有效防止试管苗褐变,提高继代苗增殖效率.