Accurate identification of fly species composition and their responses to attractants is critical for risk assessment and targeted vector control. To evaluate the efficacy of different attractants in surveillance and their species-specific trapping biases, a standardized field study was conducted from June to September 2021 across seven representative cities in China’s major zoogeographical regions: Xining, Ürümqi, Yanji, Beijing, Chongqing, Kunming, and Sanya. Cage traps baited with either fish offal or sugar–vinegar solution were deployed, supplemented by hand-net collection. A total of 134 traps were set, yielding 2132 flies belonging to 21 species. Fish offal captured 1961 flies (91.9%), significantly more than the 101 flies (4.7%) caught with sugar–vinegar solution (χ2 = 1582.3, p < 0.001). Lucilia sericata was the dominant species (885 individuals, 41.51%), followed by L. cuprina (178, 8.35%), Sarcophaga portschinskyi (127, 5.96%), and Sarcophaga africa (100, 4.70%). High-risk taxa (Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae) were almost exclusively attracted to fish offal. Our findings demonstrate that protein-based baits, such as fish offal, are substantially more effective than traditional sugar–vinegar solutions for capturing epidemiologically relevant fly species across diverse ecological zones in China. We recommend prioritizing proteinaceous attractants in national fly surveillance programs and advocate for routine species-level identification to enable risk-informed vector monitoring.

Rattus tanezumi (R. tanezumi) is a major amplifying host for plague and an important reservoir host for multiple zoonotic pathogens, including leptospirosis and hantavirus. Its population dynamics in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) Area of China are influenced by climate and reservoir-induced environmental changes, thereby impacting disease transmission risks. Based on rodent capture rate data collected using cage traps during night surveys in January, March, May, July, September, and November each year from 2015 to 2021, this study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of R. tanezumi and its association with key meteorological and environmental factors. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for spatiotemporal analysis and a Generalized Additive Model (GAM), we identified the current month’s average temperature and relative humidity, together with 3-month-lagged precipitation and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), as associated factors. The highest capture rate occurring at around 20 °C. Rat capture rate negatively correlated with both current relative humidity and lagged precipitation and a fluctuating decline with increasing lagged NDVI. This study demonstrates how climatic and environmental factors shape the spatiotemporal distribution of R. tanezumi population in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. These findings provide insights that may inform predictions of rodent‑borne disease risks and support the development of targeted surveillance and control strategies in this ecologically vulnerable region.

Rattus tanezumi ( R. tanezumi ), a major vector for plague, leptospirosis, and hantavirus, exhibits population dynamics in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) Area of China that are influenced by climate and reservoir-induced environmental changes, thereby impacting disease transmission risks. This study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of R. tanezumi and its association with key meteorological and environmental factors from 2015 to 2021. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for spatiotemporal analysis and a Generalized Additive Model (GAM), we identified the current month's average temperature and relative humidity, together with three-month-lagged precipitation and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), as significant drivers. The relationship was modeled (Yi,t = α + s 1 (M0Avg_Temp) + s 2 (M0Avg_RHU) + s 3 (M3Precip) + s 4 (M3NDVI) + ε; R²= 0.12, Deviance explained = 14%, GCV = 0.4438), revealing an optimal proliferation temperature around 20°C. Density showed negative correlations with both current relative humidity and lagged precipitation, and a fluctuating decline with increasing lagged NDVI. As the first investigation of its kind, this study demonstrates how climatic and environmental factors shape the spatiotemporal distribution of R. tanezumi in the TGR Area, providing critical insights for predicting outbreaks and formulating targeted surveillance and control strategies against rodent-borne diseases in this vulnerable region.

Dengue fever is a viral illness, mainly transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. With climate change and urbanisation, more urbanised areas are becoming suitable for the survival and reproduction of dengue vector, consequently are becoming suitable for dengue transmission in China. Chongqing, a metropolis in southwestern China, has recently been hit by imported and local dengue fever, experiencing its first local outbreak in 2019. However, the genetic evolution dynamics of dengue viruses and the spatiotemporal patterns of imported and local dengue cases have not yet been elucidated. Hence, this study implemented phylogenetic analyses using genomic data of dengue viruses in 2019 and 2023 and a spatiotemporal analysis of dengue cases collected from 2013 to 2022. We sequenced a total of 15 nucleotide sequences of E genes. The dengue viruses formed separate clusters and were genetically related to those from Guangdong Province, China, and countries in Southeast Asia, including Laos, Thailand, Myanmar and Cambodia. Chongqing experienced a dengue outbreak in 2019 when 168 imported and 1,243 local cases were reported, mainly in September and October. Few cases were reported in 2013-2018, and only six were imported from 2020 to 2022 due to the COVID-19 lockdowns. Our findings suggest that dengue prevention in Chongqing should focus on domestic and overseas population mobility, especially in the Yubei and Wanzhou districts, where airports and railway stations are located, and the period between August and October when dengue outbreaks occur in endemic regions. Moreover, continuous vector monitoring should be implemented, especially during August-October, which would be useful for controlling the Aedes mosquitoes. This study is significant for defining Chongqing's appropriate dengue prevention and control strategies.

目的 监测重庆市重点地区小型兽类携带5种常见鼠媒病原体的流行情况,为指导当地鼠源疾病的防控提供科学依据.方法 2021-2022年,在重庆市中心城区、万州区、涪陵区3个监测点使用笼夜法捕捉小型兽类,提取其肝、脾、肺、肾组织的核酸样本,采用实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)检测问号钩端螺旋体(钩体)、莫氏立克次体、巴尔通体,反转录实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)方法检测汉坦病毒及大别班达病毒.运用Excel 2010软件进行数据汇总和整理,SPSS 22.0软件对实验数据进行统计分析,种群构成比、病原体携带率的比较采用x2检验进行统计分析.结果 共捕获小型兽类9种1 188只,其中褐家鼠最多,占比为33.50％,黄胸鼠占比为26.77％,四川短尾鼩占比26.01％,小家鼠占比为9.85％,其余还捕获小泡巨鼠、大足鼠、北社鼠、黑线姬鼠、灰麝鼩,不同监测点的小型兽类种类构成差异有统计学意义(x2=714.786,P＜0.001).所有检测样本中,发现汉城型汉坦病毒阳性4份(只),问号钩体阳性24份(只),巴尔通体阳性8份(只),其余均为阴性.共发现33只小型兽类呈阳性,其中2只黄胸鼠、1只褐家鼠同时携带问号钩体和汉城型汉坦病毒,病原体总体携带率为2.78％,其中汉坦病毒总携带率为0.34％,问号钩体总携带率为2.02％,巴尔通体总携带率为0.67％,3种病原体的携带率差异有统计学意义(x2=18.857,P＜0.001).结论 重庆地区小型兽类中监测到问号钩体、巴尔通体和汉坦病毒,检出阳性较多的小型兽类为褐家鼠、黄胸鼠和四川短尾鼩,主要分布于重庆城区的重点行业和万州区的农村居民区,当地应对鼠源疾病流行及防控予以重点关注.

目的了解重庆市2019年登革热暴发疫情控制后白纹伊蚊对常用卫生杀虫剂敏感性状况,为预防登革热等蚊传疾病和指导媒介伊蚊用药提供依据。方法 2020年5-10月,选择重庆市6个区（县）的公园或废旧轮胎堆放处采集白纹伊蚊,带回实验室饲养1～2代,采用幼虫浸渍法及成蚊接触筒法开展抗药性监测。结果重庆市各调查点白纹伊蚊幼蚊对常用杀虫剂的敏感性均不同,抗性倍数在0.46～7.32倍。其中对双硫磷的抗性倍数为0.46～4.92倍,对残杀威的抗性倍数为0.82～7.32倍。重庆市各调查点白纹伊蚊成蚊对溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、高效氯氟氰菊酯均产生不同程度的抗性,24 h死亡率在5.88%～78.22%。除万州区野外白纹伊蚊成蚊对虫威和杀螟硫磷产生可疑抗性及大足区野外白纹伊蚊成蚊对毒死蜱产生可疑抗性外,其余调查点野外白纹伊蚊成蚊对残杀威、（口恶）虫威、马拉硫磷、杀螟硫磷、毒死蜱均为敏感。结论重庆市各调查点白纹伊蚊成蚊对拟除虫菊酯类药物均产生抗性,部分调查点白纹伊蚊幼蚊对双硫磷和残杀威产生低抗。建议定期监测白纹伊蚊的抗性水平及变化趋势,根据不同虫态的抗药性采取相应的杀虫剂使用策略。

过敏性疾病的发病率呈逐年上升趋势,受到社会公众、医务与环境工作者的广泛关注。环境因素是过敏性疾病发病与发展过程中极其重要的因素,研究表明室内过敏原如尘螨、真菌、花粉等可引发和加剧过敏个体的过敏症状如哮喘等,室内环境过敏原检测可以评估室内环境中过敏原含量,进一步提供干预措施,为个体化防治过敏性疾病提供重要依据。尘螨、真菌、花粉检测方法有很多,但室内环境中过敏原检测与处理的方法及相关标准尚无推荐,都亟待规范。本共识以室内环境过敏原（尘螨、真菌、花粉）检测相关的常见问题为导向,查阅相关文献,整合多学科专家意见,达成共识,形成室内环境中尘螨、真菌、花粉相关检测及处理方法的共识与建议。

目的 了解重庆市沙坪坝区登革热媒介白纹伊蚊密度季节消长及对常用卫生杀虫剂的抗药性水平,为合理使用卫生杀虫剂、科学防控登革热提供依据.方法 2020年4-12月在沙坪坝区城镇居民区、农村居民区、公园和旧轮胎堆放地等4类生境中采用双层叠帐法监测白纹伊蚊成蚊密度;6-7月在沙坪坝区渝碚路街道、天星桥街道、覃家岗街道、山洞街道等4个街道采集白纹伊蚊幼虫,饲养至成蚊采用诊断剂量法中的成蚊接触筒法测定其抗药性;利用SPSS20.0软件,采用一般线性模型对不同生境白纹伊蚊成蚊密度季节消长进行比较.结果 沙坪坝区2020年平均帐诱指数为1.81只/(顶·h),其中,城镇居民区成蚊密度最高,帐诱指数为2.26只/(顶·h),4类生境的白纹伊蚊成蚊活动高峰期在6-9月.不同生境白纹伊蚊成蚊密度差异无统计学意义(F=0.093,P＞0.05),不同月份白纹伊蚊成蚊密度有统计学意义(F=10.197,P＜0.05).白纹伊蚊成蚊对0.03％溴氰菊酯、0.4％氯菊酯、0.08％高效氯氰菊酯、0.07％高效氟氯氰菊酯产生抗药性,对0.05％残杀威、0.2％噁虫威、0.5％马拉硫磷、0.2％杀螟硫磷、2％毒死蜱较为敏感.结论 重庆市沙坪坝区白纹伊蚊成蚊密度季节消长与当地气温、降水相关,对4种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂均产生抗药性.建议全区在每年6-9月开展环境治理、成蚊杀灭,加强白纹伊蚊密度及抗药性监测,合理使用杀虫剂,以有效防控登革热.

Background Dengue fever has been a significant public health challenge in China. This will be particularly important in the context of global warming, frequent international travels, and urbanization with increasing city size and population movement. In order to design relevant prevention and control strategies and allocate health resources reasonably, this study evaluated the economic burden of dengue fever in China in 2019. Methods The economic burden of dengue fever patients was calculated from both family and the organisation perspectives. A survey was conducted among 1,027 dengue fever patients in Zhejiang, Chongqing, and Yunnan Provinces. Treatment expenses, lost working days, and insurance reimbursement expenses information were collected to estimate the total economic burden of dengue fever patients in 2019. The expenditures related to dengue fever prevention and control from government, Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), communities and subdistrict offices of 30 counties (or districts) in Zhejiang Province and Chongqing City were also collected. Results The direct, indirect and total economic burden for dengue fever patients in 2019 in the three Provinces were about 36,927,380.00 Chinese Yuan (CNY), 10,579,572.00 CNY and 46,805,064.00 CNY, respectively. The costs for prevention and control of dengue fever for the counties (or districts) without cases, counties (or districts) with imported cases, and counties (or districts) with local cases are 205,800.00 CNY, 731,180.00 CNY and 6,934,378.00 CNY, respectively. The total investment of dengue fever prevention and control in the 30 counties in China in 2019 was approximately 3,166,660,240.00 CNY. Conclusion The economic burden of dengue fever patients is relatively high, and medical insurance coverage should be increased to lighten patients’ direct medical economic burden. At the same time, the results suggests that China should increase funding for primary health service institutions to prevent dengue fever transmission.

目的 了解重庆市沙坪坝区家栖鼠类密度、鼠种构成及致病性钩端螺旋体(钩体)、莫氏立克次体、汉坦病毒和新型布尼亚病毒4种病原体在鼠体内的感染状况,为鼠传疾病防控提供科学依据.方法 2021年3-5月选择沙坪坝区东、中、西3个片区共计10个镇(街)为调查点,采用笼夜法捕获鼠类并采集其肝、肺、脾、肾等生物组织,利用磁珠法提取核酸,实时荧光定量PCR法进行4种病原体的检测.运用Excel 2016、SPSS 21.0软件分别对数据进行记录整理和统计分析,采用x2检验对不同片区鼠密度、鼠种构成及不同生境鼠密度进行比较,Fisher精确检验对不同生境鼠种构成及不同片区、生境、鼠种病原体阳性率进行比较.结果 沙坪坝区共捕获家栖鼠类200只,鼠密度为20.77％,不同片区鼠密度差异无统计学意义(x2=2.051,P=0.359).农贸市场鼠密度最高(24.62％),城镇居民区鼠密度最低(14.96％),不同生境鼠密度差异有统计学意义(x2=8.584,P=0.035).主要鼠种有褐家鼠、黄胸鼠及小家鼠,其中,褐家鼠占89.50％,为沙坪坝区优势种群,不同片区鼠种构成差异无统计学意义(x2=4.505,P=0.342).城镇居民区以褐家鼠、小家鼠为主,餐饮店仅捕获褐家鼠,农村居民区和农贸市场3个鼠种均有分布,不同生境鼠种构成差异有统计学意义(P=0.001).4种鼠传病原体中,仅钩体核酸阳性,阳性率为4.00％.西部片区钩体阳性率最高(5.36％),不同片区鼠检出钩体阳性率差异无统计学意义(P=0.729).农村居民区钩体阳性率最高(6.35％),农贸市场钩体阳性率最低(2.04％),不同生境鼠钩体阳性率差异无统计学意义(P=0.730).不同鼠种钩体阳性率差异亦无统计学意义(P=0.200),但褐家鼠在捕获总数(179只)和钩体阳性数(6只)上具有绝对优势.结论 沙坪坝区家栖鼠类密度较高,鼠种包括褐家鼠、小家鼠、黄胸鼠,褐家鼠为优势种.钩体为该地鼠类本次检测到的唯一病原体,应继续加强鼠类生态学及病原学监测,重点针对褐家鼠开展鼠类防制工作,降低鼠传疾病的发生风险.

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an acute infectious disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and is transmitted by mosquitoes. Meteorological conditions are known to play a pivotal role in the spread of JEV. In this study, a zero-inflated generalised additive model and a long short-term memory model were used to assess the relationship between the meteorological factors and population density of Culex tritaeniorhynchus as well as the incidence of JE and to predict the prevalence dynamics of JE, respectively. The incidence of JE in the previous month, the mean air temperature and the average of relative humidity had positive effects on the outbreak risk and intensity. Meanwhile, the density of all mosquito species in livestock sheds (DMSL) only affected the outbreak risk. Moreover, the region-specific prediction model of JE was developed in Chongqing by used the Long Short-Term Memory Neural Network. Our study contributes to a better understanding of the JE dynamics and helps the local government establish precise prevention and control measures.

目的收集和分析重庆市2020年登革热媒介伊蚊监测资料,为重庆市防控媒介伊蚊传播的疾病提供依据。方法选择2019年重庆市登革热出现本地疫情的万州区、渝北区和沙坪坝区以及未出现本地病例的黔江区、大足区和垫江县为调查点。采用布雷图指数法和诱蚊诱卵器法监测伊蚊幼虫,采用双层叠帐法监测伊蚊成蚊。利用Excel 2010软件对重庆市6个调查点媒介伊蚊监测结果进行分析,对登革热进行初步的风险评估。结果重庆市2020年4—12月平均布雷图指数（BI）为4.50,全市6—9月平均BI＞5,存在登革热传播风险。其中沙坪坝区6月,渝北区6—7月,万州区7—8月平均BI＞10,存在登革热暴发风险;平均诱蚊诱卵指数（MOI）为2.15,渝北区7月和8月平均MOI＞10,存在登革热暴发风险;平均媒介伊蚊成蚊密度为0.86只/（顶·h）。沙坪坝区和垫江县伊蚊密度帐诱指数较高,分别为1.81只/（顶·h）和1.48只/（顶·h）,其次为万州区1.04只/（顶·h）,沙坪坝区6—9月,万州区6—7月,垫江县5—6月及8—9月媒介伊蚊成蚊密度均＞2只/（顶·h）。结论 2020年重庆市不同区县,不同月份登革热媒介伊蚊传播疾病风险不同,渝北区、沙坪坝区和万州区相对风险较高。建议各区县持续加强媒介伊蚊监测和风险评估,为重庆市蚊传疾病的科学防控提供依据。

目的 测试金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421饵剂室内和现场防治德国小蠊效果,为真菌杀虫剂在防治卫生害虫上的应用提供参考.方法 配制不同含量的金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421饵剂,分别在实验室和现场环境研究其对德国小蠊种群数量的影响,采用SPSS 25.0软件对死亡率、半数致死时间(LT50)、半数致死浓度(LC50)和90％致死浓度(LC90)进行分析,评价金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421饵剂杀蟑效果;采用x2检验分析不同组别间死亡率的差异.结果 室内实验结果表明,1×108孢子/g金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421饵剂喂食德国小蠊后12d,其LT50均值为(6.85±0.24)d;现场实验中,采用每2.5 m2放置1盒1×108孢子/g的金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421饵剂,药剂投放30 d后,相对密度下降率为93.22％.结论 1×108孢子/g的金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421饵剂可有效控制德国小蠊种群密度.

目的 调查重庆市各疫点发现登革热首例病例开展灭蚊前的媒介伊蚊应急监测结果,为今后的媒介伊蚊监测和疫区引起登革热本地病例传播风险预警提供依据.方法 收集重庆市2019年各疫点首次报告登革热病例后,采取灭蚊措施前的媒介伊蚊监测布雷图指数(BI)和帐诱指数数据,采用SPSS 25.0软件进行数据描述性研究和线性回归分析.结果 所有疫点首次应急监测的平均BI值为11.01,平均帐诱指数为5.10只/(顶·h),两者相关系数(r)为0.517,双侧检验P＜0.05,BI与帐诱指数呈正相关,且有统计学意义.通过两变量线性回归分析,构建BI与帐诱指数回归方程:y(BI) =7.07 +0.82x,F=61.232,P＜0.005.在此基础上将重庆市登革热预警风险划分为4个等级.结论 将BI和帐诱指数进行分级评估对于登革热疫情的预警具有指示作用,在日常防控中将重庆市BI控制在7以下,帐诱指数控制在3只/(顶·h)以下,对减少登革热本地暴发有参考意义.

Dengue fever (DF) is one of the most rapidly spreading diseases in the world, and accurate forecasts of dengue in a timely manner might help local government implement effective control measures. To obtain the accurate forecasting of DF cases, it is crucial to model the long-term dependency in time series data, which is difficult for a typical machine learning method. This study aimed to develop a timely accurate forecasting model of dengue based on long short-term memory (LSTM) recurrent neural networks while only considering monthly dengue cases and climate factors. The performance of LSTM models was compared with the other previously published models when predicting DF cases one month into the future. Our results showed that the LSTM model reduced the average the root mean squared error (RMSE) of the predictions by 12.99% to 24.91% and reduced the average RMSE of the predictions in the outbreak period by 15.09% to 26.82% as compared with other candidate models. The LSTM model achieved superior performance in predicting dengue cases as compared with other previously published forecasting models. Moreover, transfer learning (TL) can improve the generalization ability of the model in areas with fewer dengue incidences. The findings provide a more precise forecasting dengue model and could be used for other dengue-like infectious diseases.

目的 了解重庆市沙坪坝区成蚊密度、种群构成和季节消长规律,为蚊虫防控提供建议和决策依据.方法 2017-2019年每年的4-11月采用诱蚊灯法捕获成蚊,计算成蚊密度;采用Levene检验对各年度成蚊密度方差齐性进行检验;采用多配对样本的Friedman检验对各年度成蚊密度季节消长情况进行比较;采用x2检验对不同生境成蚊构成比进行比较.结果 沙坪坝区主要蚊种有致倦库蚊、三带喙库蚊、骚扰阿蚊、白纹伊蚊和中华按蚊,致倦库蚊为优势蚊种;2017-2019年共捕获成蚊6 076只,成蚊总密度为12.66只/(灯?夜).其中,农村牲畜棚的成蚊密度最高为42.50只/(灯?夜),其次是农户为10.18只/(灯?夜).各类生境蚊种均以致倦库蚊为主,其构成比均>77.00％.2017-2019年成蚊密度最高峰均在6月,其中2018年6月成蚊密度最高,为64.20只/(灯?夜).结论 重庆市沙坪坝区成蚊密度特征及季节消长情况与当地气候、生境类型、蚊虫控制活动开展情况相关.建议全区在每年的5-9月开展环境治理、成蚊灭杀,且重点整治对象为农村牲畜棚和农户,并将成蚊密度和蚊媒传染病进行关联分析.

Background Dengue Fever (DF) is a tropical mosquito-borne disease that threatens public health and causes enormous economic burdens worldwide. In China, DF expanded from coastal region to inner land, and the incidence sharply increased in the last few years. In this study, we conduct the analysis of dengue using the Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) recurrent neural networks. This is an artificial intelligence technology, to develop a precise dengue forecast model.Methodology/Principal Findings The model is developed from monthly dengue cases and local meteorological data of 2005–2018 among top 20 Chinese cities with a record of the highest dengue incidence. The first 13 year data were used to construct the LSTM and to predict the dengue outbreaks in 2018. The results are compared with the estimated dengue cases of other previously published models. Model performance and prediction accuracy were assessed using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). With the LSTM method, the prediction measurements of average RMSE drop by 54.79% and 34.76% as compared with the Susceptible Infected Recovered (SIR) model and Zero Inflated Generalized Additive Model (ZIGAM). Our results showed that if only local data were used to develop forecast models, the LSTM neural networks would fail to capture the transmission characteristics of dengue virus in areas with fewer dengue cases. Contrarily, transfer learning (TL) can improve the accuracy of prediction of the LSTM neural network model in areas with fewer dengue incidences.Conclusion and significance The LSTM model is beneficial in predicting dengue incidence as compared with other previously published forecasting models. The findings provide a more precise forecast dengue model, which can help the local government and health-related departments respond early to dengue epidemics.Author summary In China, DF is a public health concern that poses a great economic burden on local governments. However, the incidence has sharply increased in recent years with growth in the sub-regions. With this issue, it will be challenging to develop an accurate and timely dengue forecast model. LSTM recurrent neural networks, deep learning methods and virus propagation rules by learning from observational data offer more advantages in predicting the prevalence of infectious disease dynamics than the traditional statistical model. The 2005–2017 data of the top 20 Chinese cities with the highest dengue incidence were used to construct the LSTM model, advantageous in predicting dengue in most cities. Moreover, the model helped to predict the dengue outbreaks in 2018 and used to compare the estimated dengue cases with the RMSE results of other previously published models. A thorough search of the literature shows that this is the first established dengue forecast model using the LSTM method, which is effective in predicting the trend of dengue dynamics.

目的 了解贵州省盘县家蝇对常用杀虫剂的抗药性状况,为合理用药提供依据.方法 2016年6-7月,采集贵州省盘县不同方位的家蝇,采用微量点滴法测定现场种群成蝇对高效氯氰菊酯、敌敌畏和残杀威的抗药性,利用SPSS 25.0统计软件计算半数致死量(LD50)、95％CI,并将野外种群与敏感种群进行比较得出抗性倍数.结果 2016年贵州省盘县家蝇对高效氯氰菊酯、敌敌畏和残杀威的半数致死量(LD50)分别为1.375 8、0.6615、48.451 1μg/♀,抗性倍数分别为443.81、62.41和141.22,抗性程度从高到低依次为高效氯氰菊酯、残杀威和敌敌畏.结论 贵州省盘县野外家蝇对3种卫生杀虫剂产生了不同程度的抗药性,个别药剂如高效氯氰菊酯已基本无效.贵州省盘县蝇类控制工作应进一步注重可持续控制策略,以环境治理与物理防制为主要控制手段,必要时选择抗性低的卫生杀虫剂,科学合理施药,以控制或延缓家蝇抗药性的产生和发展.

目的 了解重庆市国家级监测点鼠种类、密度及季节消长情况,为预防和控制鼠传疾病的发生与流行提供依据.方法 2018年1-11月,在重庆市4个国家级监测点采用夹夜法和路径法监测鼠类,采用SPSS 25.0和Excel2010软件进行统计学分析,构成比之间的比较采用x2检验.结果 2018年重庆市国家级监测点城镇和农村居民区鼠密度分别为0.98％和0.73％,室内外鼠平均密度为1.15％,以重点行业的鼠密度最高(1.74％);各类场所外环境鼠密度平均路径指数为1.81处/km,以垃圾中转站或公共厕所周围最高(2.86处/km);城镇和农村居民区优势鼠种均为小家鼠,不同生境的鼠种构成差异有统计学意义(x2=32.814,P＜0.001).结论 初步了解了重庆市鼠类情况,建议各监测点区(县)根据监测结果采取合理的防控措施.

目的 调查重庆市2013-2016年蚊幼孳生情况,为蚊虫防治提供科学依据.方法 小型积水蚊幼调查采用路径指数和容器指数2种指标同时进行监测,大中型水体采用勺舀法.结果 2013-2016年各类小型积水容器蚊幼或蛹的路径指数分别为2.37、2.42、2.3和2.04处/km,平均为2.28处/km,废旧轮胎存放地的蚊幼或蛹密度最高,为7.19处/km;2013-2016年各类小型积水容器蚊幼或蛹的容器指数分别为12.55、12.01、10.57和9.05,平均为11.04;2013-2016年大中型水体蚊幼或蛹的勺舀阳性率分别为5.03％、3.21％、3.17％和2.44％,平均为3.46％,水池蚊幼或蛹密度较高,为4.19％.结论 基本掌握重庆蚊虫孳生情况,为蚊虫防治提供指导意见.