A topic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic and recurrent skin disorder. The protective effects of sodium butyrate (NaB), a metabolite of short-chain fatty acid breakdown by the gut microbiota, have been widely reported in numerous inflammatory diseases. However, the effect of NaB treatment alone on AD has not been reported. In the current study, AD was induced in BALB/c mice with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) for 28 days with NaB (200 mg/kg) treatment by gavage. NaB attenuated AD-induced skin bleeding, scarring, dryness, abrasions and erosions. In addition, NaB inhibited inflammatory cells infiltration and attenuated the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Mechanistically, NaB reduced histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) expression and NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation by increasing the lysine acetylation levels of STAT1 and NF-κB p65 in AD. Taken together, our study suggests that NaB inhibits inflammatory mediators and ameliorates AD by inhibiting HDAC3 expression, thereby upregulating STAT1 and NF-κB p65 lysine acetylation levels and reducing NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. Therefore, this study provides a new theoretical basis for NaB in the treatment of AD.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a frequent skin disorder that is associated with immune dysfunction and skin inflammation. Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) possesses strong immune and inflammatory modulatory proper-ties in multiple diseases. However, the role and mechanism of HDAC3 in AD remain unknown. Here, we reported that HDAC3 expression was aberrantly upregulated in 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced lesional AD skin in mice. Inhibition of HDAC3 by RGFP966 protected against DNCB-induced AD, indicated by improved histological damages, relieved inflammatory and immune dysfunction. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) signaling pathway activity in lesional AD skin was significantly decreased and RGFP966 attenuated the decrease. Inhibition of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway via Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 blunted anti-AD effect of RGFP966 in DNCB-treated mice. Mechanistically, RGFP966 promoted Nrf2 expression and upregulated H3K27ac deposition on the promoter region of Nrf2. Collectively, HDAC3 inhibition protects against AD via epigenetically activating Nrf2 transcription to upregulate Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway activity. HDAC3 may act as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of AD.

Aim: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic pruritic inflammatory skin disease that is closely linked to genetic factors. Previous studies have revealed numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that been related to susceptibility to AD; however, the results are conflicting. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the associations of these polymorphisms and AD risk. Material and methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were retrieved to identify eligible studies, with selected polymorphisms being reported in a minimum of three separate studies. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate study quality. Review Manager 5.3 and STATA 14.0 were used to perform the meta-analysis. Results: After screening, 64 studies involving 13 genes (24 SNPs) were selected for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Nine SNPs were positively correlated with AD susceptibility [filaggrin (FLG) R501X, FLG 2282del4, chromosome 11q13.5 rs7927894, interleukin (IL)-17A rs2275913, IL-18 -137 G/C, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) rs5743708, TLR2 A-16934 T, serine protease inhibitor Kazal type-5 (SPINK5) Asn368Ser, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) T874A] and one was negatively associated with AD susceptibility (IL-4 -1098 T/G). The 14 remaining SNPs were not significantly associated with AD susceptibility. Conclusions: Nine SNPs that may be risk factors and one SNP that may be a protective factor for AD were identified, providing a reference for AD prediction, prevention, and therapy.

过敏性疾病可发生在身体的各个系统,可终身发病,严重者可致死.儿童是过敏性疾病最大的患病人群,儿童过敏从无到有、从轻到重、从少到多、从单一表现到多系统及全身表现,所以对儿童过敏性疾病的防治是关键环节,既可防治过敏高风险状况发展成过敏性疾病,还可以进一步阻断过敏进程.目前关于幼儿园、小学对过敏患儿的管理体系尚未完善,该共识包括过敏管理及防治的组织架构、制度建设、过敏儿童管理等内容,可为幼儿园、小学长期综合管理过敏患儿提供帮助,为过敏患儿防治体系的建立提供依据.

Traditional aluminum hydroxide is widely used as a vaccine adjuvant. Despite its favorable safety profile, it can cause an inflammatory response at the injection sites. However, multiple studies have shown that aluminum hydroxide nanoparticles have more potent adjuvant activity than their traditional aluminum hydroxide counterparts as antigen carriers; it has also been found that the local inflammation caused by aluminum hydroxide nanoparticle adjuvants is milder than that of other adjuvants. The aim of the present study was to compare the degree of inflammatory response between the aluminum hydroxide nanoparticle adjuvants and the traditional aluminum hydroxide adjuvants in the desensitization treatment of a mouse model of house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic asthma. Mice were sensitized intraperitoneally with HDM. Subcutaneous desensitization was performed with PBS, traditional aluminum hydroxide adjuvants and aluminum hydroxide nanoparticle adjuvants. The mice were challenged and subsequently euthanized. The skin tissue at the local injection sites was assessed and specific indices were measured, such as the response of specific immunoglobulins, the airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), and the inflammation in the bronchoalveolar lavage and lung tissues. Early hypersensitivity responses were suppressed in mice treated with subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT). Both traditional aluminum hydroxide-SCIT and aluminum hydroxide nanoparticle-SCIT could inhibit AHR. However, aluminum hydroxide nanoparticle-SCIT was able to significantly inhibit the secretion of eosinophils in the lung tissue and the production of type 2 cytokine Interleukin (IL)-5 in blood compared with the corresponding effects noted by traditional aluminum hydroxide adjuvants. Moreover, the aluminum hydroxide nanoparticle group reduced the inflammatory response at the local injection site. Collectively, the data indicated that allergen-specific immunotherapy using aluminum hydroxide nanoparticle adjuvants reduces lung and local inflammation compared with traditional aluminum hydroxide adjuvants.

目的 探究老年男性血清睾酮值与性交频率的相关性.方法 选取2015年10月1日至2020年5月30日重庆市第十三人民医院、重庆市人民医院、重庆医科大学附属永川医院、重庆市第四人民医院门诊部就诊(或健康体检)有固定性伴侣的普通老年(≥60岁)男性840例作为研究对象,检测其2年随访期内的0、6、12、18、24个月5个时间点血清总睾酮(TT)、游离睾酮(FT)值,同时采用问卷调查其性交频率.采用spearman相关分析评估643例完成随访的研究对象TT、FT值与性交频率的相关性.结果 643例研究对象5 个时间点 TT 值分别为(10.55±3.37)、(10.49±3.36)、(10.39±3.36)、(10.27±3.37)、(10.26±3.33)nmol/L,FT 值分别为(7.60±2.39)、(7.62±2.34)、(7.48±2.39)、(7.34±2.45)、(7.33±2.40)pg/mL,性交频率分别为(2.7±2.2)、(2.8±2.1)、(2.5±2.0)、(2.3±1.8)、(2.2±1.8)次/月.TT、FT值与性交频率在5个时间点的相关系数分别为 0.939、0.927、0.920、0.925、0.922 和 0.929、0.925、0.923、0.925、0.900,TT、FT值年均下降百分比与性交频率相关系数分别为-0.524、-0.593.结论 老年男性血清睾酮值与性交频率呈正相关,性生活可减缓血清睾酮的增龄性下降.

过敏性疾病是由于机体对外界有益或无害的物质(过敏原)免疫失耐受造成的免疫损伤性疾病.常见的过敏性疾病包括由食物过敏和吸入物(如尘螨等)过敏等引起的特应性皮炎、过敏性鼻炎、过敏性哮喘和严重过敏反应等.其发病机制极为复杂,主要包括遗传和环境因素两方面,过敏原暴露是过敏性疾病发生的始动因素,过敏症状的发生、发展及其严重程度均可能受机体暴露于过敏原的时间及剂量的影响.过敏性疾病可发生在机体各系统,覆盖全生命周期,从儿童至成人再到老人,可终身发病,严重者可致死.儿童是过敏性疾病最大的患病人群,儿童过敏从无至有,从轻至重,从少至多,从单一表现至多系统及全身表现,所以,对儿童过敏性疾病的防治是关键环节,既可防治过敏高风险状况发展为过敏性疾病,还可进一步阻断过敏进程.过敏性疾病是一种现代病,日本在过敏性疾病防治工作中以国家层面颁布了过敏性疾病对策基本法,包括规定社会各界的责任,使过敏性疾病管理和防治有法可依,国家重视,社会各界共同参与,以应对、预防过敏性疾病的发生及其严重化,值得学习和借鉴.中国一定会在不久的将来制定出适合国情的过敏性疾病防治相关法律法规,在此之前还有很多工作需要做,对儿童过敏性疾病的防治是其中十分重要的一步.为此组织了重庆市区卫生健康委员会及多个医疗系统及社区卫生服务中心等多学科专家共同讨论、撰写了"社区及区县妇幼保健院过敏性疾病防治重庆共识",以期为社区及区县妇幼保健院长期综合管理过敏患儿提供帮助,为过敏患儿防治体系的建立提供依据.

过敏性疾病的发病率呈逐年上升趋势,受到社会公众、医务与环境工作者的广泛关注。环境因素是过敏性疾病发病与发展过程中极其重要的因素,研究表明室内过敏原如尘螨、真菌、花粉等可引发和加剧过敏个体的过敏症状如哮喘等,室内环境过敏原检测可以评估室内环境中过敏原含量,进一步提供干预措施,为个体化防治过敏性疾病提供重要依据。尘螨、真菌、花粉检测方法有很多,但室内环境中过敏原检测与处理的方法及相关标准尚无推荐,都亟待规范。本共识以室内环境过敏原（尘螨、真菌、花粉）检测相关的常见问题为导向,查阅相关文献,整合多学科专家意见,达成共识,形成室内环境中尘螨、真菌、花粉相关检测及处理方法的共识与建议。

目的 探讨使用单一屋尘螨与双螨变应原特异性免疫治疗(AIT)的安全性及可能的全身不良反应危险因素.方法 观察记录使用单一屋尘螨变应原注射液和双螨变应原注射液的尘螨过敏患者在AIT期间不良反应发生的情况,分析对比两种变应原注射液的安全性.结果 64例单一屋尘螨AIT患者共接受2726次注射,有26例患者共发生96次全身不良反应,Ⅰ级反应占79.17％;儿童(OR=3.927,P=0.011)更易发生全身不良反应,其临床表现主要为咳嗽、咳痰、胸闷和鼻部症状.50例双螨脱敏治疗患者共接受1534次注射,有8例患者共发生过13次全身不良反应,Ⅲ级反应占46.15％.发生过局部不良反应(OR=4.200,P<0.001)的患者更易发生全身不良反应.两种皮下脱敏方式全身不良反应80％以上都为即时反应,在5-7月、10-11月为全身不良反应的高发期.结论 单一屋尘螨注射液AIT全身不良反应发生率较双螨变应原注射液高,但双螨AIT患者更易发生严重过敏反应.

In the last few decades, there has been a progressive increase in the prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) in China, where it now affects approximately 250 million people. AR prevention and treatment include allergen avoidance, pharmacotherapy, allergen immunotherapy (AIT), and patient education, among which AIT is the only curative intervention. AIT targets the disease etiology and may potentially modify the immune system as well as induce allergen-specific immune tolerance in patients with AR. In 2017, a team of experts from the Chinese Society of Allergy (CSA) and the Chinese Allergic Rhinitis Collaborative Research Group (C2AR2G) produced the first English version of Chinese AIT guidelines for AR. Since then, there has been considerable progress in basic research of and clinical practice for AIT, especially regarding the role of follicular regulatory T (TFR) cells in the pathogenesis of AR and the use of allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) in nasal secretions for the diagnosis of AR. Additionally, potential biomarkers, including TFR cells, sIgG4, and sIgE, have been used to monitor the incidence and progression of AR. Moreover, there has been a novel understanding of AIT during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Hence, there was an urgent need to update the AIT guideline for AR by a team of experts from CSA and C2AR2G. This document aims to serve as professional reference material on AIT for AR treatment in China, thus improving the development of AIT across the world.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of TRPA1 in the pathogenesis of AD. Main methods: The experimental atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions were established using 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). Mice were divided into three groups: TRPA1(-/-) and WT groups were treated with DNCB dissolved in a 3:1 mixture of acetone and olive oil; the negative control group was treated with 3:1 mixture of acetone and olive oil without DNCB. The treatment lasted for 21 days, after which the animals were sacrificed and their blood, ears and dorsal skin tissue samples were collected for analysis. Key findings: Lower dermatitis score, ear thickness, pruritus score, and epidermal hyperplasia were observed in mice in TRPA1(-/-) mice compared to the WT group. Besides, lower dermal mast cell infiltration, proinflammatory cytokines, Th2 cytokines and the infiltration of macrophages were observed in the TRPA1(-/-) mice compared to the WT group. Furthermore, we demonstrated that TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031 could alleviate AD-like symptoms and reduce the degree of epidermal hyperplasia in mice. Significance: TRPA1 has a crucial role during the AD pathogenesis in mice, thus may be used as a potential new target for treating patients with chronic skin inflammatory disease.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by severe itching and recurrent eczema-like lesions. Yet, its exact pathological mechanism remains unclear. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of TRPA1 in the pathogenesis of AD. Methods: The experimental atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions were established using 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). Mice were divided into three groups: TRPA1−/− and WT groups were treated with DNCB dissolved in a 3:1 mixture of acetone and olive oil and the negative control group was treated with 3:1 mixture of acetone and olive oil without DNCB. The treatment lasted for 21 days, after which the animals were sacrificed and their blood, ears and dorsal skin tissue samples were collected for analysis. Results: Lower dermatitis score, ear thickness, pruritus score, and epidermal hyperplasia were observed in mice in TRPA1−/− mice compared to the WT group. Besides, lower dermal mast cell infiltration, proinflammatory cytokines, Th2 cytokines and the infiltration of macrophages were observed in the TRPA1−/− mice compared to the WT group. Furthermore, we demonstrated that TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031 could alleviate AD-like symptoms and reduce the degree of epidermal hyperplasia in mice. Conclusions: TRPA1 has a crucial role during the AD pathogenesis in mice, thus could be used as a potential new target for treating patients with chronic skin inflammatory disease.

目的:在C57BL/6遗传背景下的野生型以及瞬时受体电位通道A1 (transient receptor potential cation channel,subfamily A,member 1,TRPA1)基因敲除小鼠上建立2,4-二硝基氯苯(2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene,DNCB)诱导的特应性皮炎(atopic dermatitis,AD)模型,初步探索TRPA1在该模型的作用.方法:首先将野生雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分成实验组(n=6),对照组(n=6),建立AD模型.具体造模方案:在致敏阶段,于第1天小鼠背部及耳部分别使用2％ DNCB(丙酮/橄榄油3∶1)溶液及单纯丙酮/橄榄油溶液外涂.在激发阶段,于第5、8、11、14、17、20天背部及耳部分别外涂0.5％ DNCB溶液及单纯丙酮/橄榄油溶液,共6次,造模后取皮损行HE染色,鉴定AD模型.通过qRT-PCR和Western blot检测背部皮损TRPA1 mRNA和蛋白的表达水平,免疫组化检测TRPA1蛋白的定位及表达水平.然后随机选取6只TRPA1+/+(野生型)小鼠为模型组Ⅰ,6只TRPA 1-/-(敲基因型)小鼠为模型组Ⅱ,6只TRPA1+/+小鼠为空白对照组,建立AD模型,具体造模方式同上.造模结束后取血清及耳部和背部皮损组织,检测病理生理各项指标.结果:皮损及HE染色显示,在野生型小鼠上成功建立了AD模型.qRT-PCR结果显示,实验组背部皮损中TRPA1的mRNA相对表达升高,差异有统计学意义(t=4.93,P=0.008);Western blot结果显示,实验组背部皮损TRPA1蛋白表达升高,平均光密度值差异有统计学意义(t=34.32,P=0.000);免疫组化显示,实验组TRPA1在表皮和真皮的表达均有不同程度的增加.进一步在TRPA1基因敲除小鼠上建立AD模型显示:与对照组相比,模型Ⅰ、Ⅱ组背部皮肤表现出明显的炎症性皮损,耳部明显肿胀.病理显示角化过度和(或)角化不全、棘细胞层增厚、真皮淋巴细胞为主的炎性细胞浸润,同时发现肥大细胞浸润增加.血清总IgE水平升高,且差异有统计学意义[(1.27±0.10) μg/mL vs.(14.82±0.26) μg/mL,t=19.27,P=0.000;(1.27±0.10) μg/mL vs.(8.63±0.28) μg/mL,t=25.07,P=0.000].TH2细胞因子[白介素-4(interleukin-4,IL-4)和白介素-13(interleukin-13,IL-13)]相对表达升高,且差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).与模型Ⅰ组相比,模型Ⅱ组小鼠炎症性皮损和耳部肿胀程度减轻,棘细胞层的肥厚程度及炎性细胞的浸润程度减轻,血清总IgE水平下降[(14.82±0.26) μg/mL vs.(8.63±0.28) μg/mL,t=16.34,P=0.000],TH2炎症因子相对表达下降.结论:在C57BL/6遗传背景下的野生型和TRPA1敲基因小鼠上成功建立DNCB诱导的AD模型,发现TRPA1表达上调及TRPA1基因敲除后抑制了DNCB诱导的AD炎症,说明TRPA1在DNCB诱导的AD中可能发挥重要的作用,但具体机制有待进一步研究.

目的 探讨老年男性性供需失衡与高危性行为的关系.方法 以1433例老年男性为研究对象,检测其血清睾酮,同时问卷调查其年龄、与固定性伴的年龄差距等11个社会性特征,随访2年;对最终完成随访的研究对象进行结构方程模型的分析.结果 完成问卷调查的研究对象1128例,血清睾酮值、与固定性伴的年龄差距对高危性交频次均产生直接效应,其标准化效应系数分别为0.735和-0.077;年龄对高危性交频次产生直接效应,其标准化效应系数为-0.212,年龄也可通过血清睾酮值和与固定性伴的年龄差距对高危性交频次产生间接效应,其标准化效应系数为0.245;各标准化效应系数差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 老年男性供需的失衡及增龄促进该失衡的加剧,是老年男性发生高危性行为的两个重要环节.

目的 探讨影响老年男性高危性行为的基础性特征.方法 2015年9月1日至12月31日由重庆市第十三人民医院、重庆市第四人民医院、重庆市人民医院和重庆医科大学附属永川医院选取性行为频率为1～6次/月的愿意配合问卷调查的健康老年男性1 433例,测定血清睾酮,然后每半年随访1次,随访2年,最终完成随访研究的老年男性1 128例.采用回访问卷表调查老年男性年龄、教育程度、经济收入、居住地域、婚姻状况、婚姻次数、固定性伴类别、与固定性伴的年龄差距、是否合并老年基础性疾病、是否接受性传播疾病宣教及生活自理能力等11个社会性特征及高危性行为情况(高危性行为次数及高危性伴数).以老年男性有无高危性行为作为因变量,以血清睾酮及社会性特征作为自变量进行多元logistic回归模型分析,筛选出有意义的自变量,然后将有意义的自变量作为输入、老年人高危性行为次数作为输出进行误差反向(BP)神经网络训练和测试.同时,将上述筛选出有意义的自变量各取不同级别的值组合形成新的数据集,再用训练好的BP神经网络预测高危性行为次数,最后以预测结果的高危性行为次数进行聚类分析.结果 4个有意义的变量为血清总睾酮、年龄、婚姻次数、与固定性伴的年龄差距等.根据BP神经网络预测结果进行聚类分析分为第1类(高危性行为次数较低类)、第2类(高危性行为次数中等类)和第3类(高危性行为次数较高类).3类老年男性婚姻次数比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.729 6).第1类老年男性血清睾酮主要集中在14.0nmol/L以下[58.06％ (216/372)],年龄主要集中在60～＜65岁[37.90％ (141/372)],与固定性伴的年龄差距主要为大于或等于5岁[73.66％ (274/372)];第2类老年男性血清睾酮主要集中在16.0～18.5 nmol/L[87.76％ (86/98)],年龄集中在大于或等于70岁[45.92％ (45/98)],与固定性伴的年龄差距主要为小于5岁[50.00％ (49/98)];第3类老年男性血清睾酮均为16.0～18.5nmol/L,年龄主要集中在大于或等于70岁[68.75％ (11/16)],与固定性伴的年龄差距主要为小于5岁[93.75％ (15/16)].结论 睾酮、与固定性伴的年龄差距及年龄是影响老年男性高危性行为次数的3个基础性特征,为更有效地预防与干预老年男性的高危性行为提供了理论依据.

目的 探讨血清睾酮水平及社会性特征对老年(≥60岁)男性高危性行为的影响.方法 回顾性研究:随机选取重庆市第十三人民医院(重庆市老年病医院)、重庆市第四人民医院、重庆市人民医院及重庆医科大学附属永川医院皮肤门诊就诊的有性传播疾病(sexually transmitted disease,STD)老年男性300例为病例组,同时收集在上述四家医院的进行门诊体检的300例老年男性作为对照组,检测和调查两组的血清睾酮和年龄、教育程度、经济收入、居住地域、婚姻状况、婚姻次数、固定性伴类别、与固定性伴的年龄差距、是否合并老年基础性疾病、是否接受STD宣传教育以及老年人生活自理能力.前瞻性研究:由上述四家医院随机选取老年男性1 433例为研究对象,检测其睾酮,观察指标同回顾性研究;随访2年后的剩余研究对象为1 128例,再调查该人群在随访期内有无高危性行为.结果 前瞻性研究:以是否发生高危性行为为因变量,将12个特征作为自变量,最终血清睾酮值、年龄(60～64岁、65～69岁及≥70岁)、婚姻次数、与固定性伴的年龄差距(＜5岁及≥5岁) [x2=161.64、 (33.26、10.32、29.43)、16.14、(15.43、14.65),P均＜0.05]进入多元logistic回归分析模型;以高危性交频次作为因变量,自变量同上,最终血清睾酮值、年龄、与固定性伴年龄差、居住地域、是否合并老年疾病(t=33.77、10.22、-5.17、-2.92、2.56,P均＜0.05)进入多元线性回归分析模型.两种研究的多重线性回归分析差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)结局变量均为睾酮和4个社会性特征,睾酮在5个结局变量的标准化回归系数降序排列中均居首位[Stb=0.77(回顾性)和0.75(前瞻性),P均＜0.01].结论 血清睾酮值越高、年龄越大、与固定性伴的年龄差距越小、居住地域越趋向城市、婚姻次数越少、合并老年基础性疾病越少是老年男性高危性行为的6个影响因素,睾酮居重要地位.

Objective To examine the association of serum testosterone levels and sexual activities with self-rated health status in elderly men. Methods We recruited 626 elderly men with fixed partners from 4 hospitals in Chongqing by simple random sampling. All the participants were cooperative with blood tests for serum total testosterone (TT) and free testosterone (FT) levels and completed a survey questionnaire that consisted of 14 characteristics and a self-rated health measurement scale (SRHMS V1.0). Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between the sexual activities of these participants and their SRHMS scores. Results We used serum TT and FT levels and the frequency of sexual intercourse as the indicators for the sexual life characteristics of the elderly men. The correlation coefficients of serum TT with SRHMS total health score, physiological health score, mental health score and social health score were 0.721, 0.729, 0.656, and 0.737, respectively (P < 0.001); the correlation coefficients of serum FT with the 4 self-rated SRHMS scores were 0.808, 0.811, 0.763, 0.793, respectively (P < 0.001); the correlation coefficients of the frequency of sexual intercourse with the 4 scores were 0.792, 0.793, 0.751, and 0.770, respectively (P < 0.001). Conclusion Serum testosterone level and the frequency of sexual intercourse are positively correlated with the self-rated health status in elderly men, and they can serve as potential reference indicators for assessing the health status of elderly men.

目的 探讨重庆地区有性生活老年男性的血清总睾酮(TT)及游离睾酮(FT)水平与年龄、疾病和性交频率的关系.方法 将4个医院随机收集的1 709例有性生活老年男性作为研究对象,将研究对象分为5个年龄组、有疾病者和无疾病者、6个TT水平组,研究血清TT和FT水平与年龄、疾病和性交频率的关系.结果 5个年龄组的血清TT和FT水平随年龄的增长下降(P＜0.01).有基础疾病者的血清TT和FT水平均低于无基础疾病者(P＜0.01).6个TT水平组的性交频率随TT水平的升高而增加(P＜0.01),性交频率和血清TT的直线回归,rs=0.791 61,P＜0.01.结论 在有性生活的老年男性中,血清TT和FT水平随着年龄的增长呈规律性下降,基础疾病可引起血清TT和FT水平下降,性交频率与血清TT水平有显著的相关性.

银屑病是一种病理生理复杂的慢性自身免疫性疾病,尚无法治愈.IL-23/Th17轴是目前研究银屑病发病机制发现的重要信号通路,IL-23被认为是发病机制中的关键细胞因子,因而研发出了一系列抗IL-23/p19亚基的生物制剂——Guselkumab、Tildrakizumab及Risankizumab.这些靶向生物制剂的Ⅲ期临床试验结果在疗效和安全性方面均表现良好,本文就这三个药物的Ⅲ期临床试验结果展开综述.

目的 分析链格孢菌在重庆地区致敏率,以及在性别、年龄、季节间的流行病学特点.方法 分析2014年9月至2017年8月在重庆市人民医院过敏反应科接受吸入组过敏原皮肤点刺试验(SPT)的可疑过敏性疾病患者数据.结果 重庆地区常见气传真菌的总阳性率为9.80％(377/3 845),其中面包酵母菌为4.45％(171/3 845)、链格孢菌为2.24％(86/3 845)、枝状枝孢菌为1.69％(65/3 845)、青霉菌为1.43％(55/3 845),链格孢菌的致敏人数占总真菌致敏人数的22.81％.链格孢菌致敏率在性别间比较,差异无统计学意义(x2 =0.234,P=0.629),随年龄增加而下降(x 2=20.132,P=0.000),在夏、春、秋、冬依序递减(x 2=15.860,P=0.001).其阳性等级分布为53例(++),27例(+++),4例(++++).结论 链格孢菌是重庆地区重要的气传优势真菌,常引起各种过敏反应,在临床工作中应根据其致敏特点进行有效诊疗和预防.