生物化学是生物、食品、医学等相关专业的一门基础课程.为建设适应新时代要求的国家一流本科课程,提出以提高学生创新能力为核心,提升生物化学教学的高阶性,提高教学内容和教学模式的创新性,增加学生学习生物化学的挑战度.从高阶性、创新性、挑战度3个层面培养学生深度分析、大胆质疑、勇于创新的精神和能力.

生物化学是高校食品类专业重要的专业基础课程.本文从课程讲授、教学互动、开放式作业和教学评价等方面探讨了我校一流本科专业建设中食品类专业生物化学课程教学改革与实践.

Using the leaves of test‐tube seedlings of Actinidia chinensis cv .Hongyang as explants ,the effect of different grow th regulating substances on the initiating of callus ,the regeneration and rooting of adventitious buds was researched .The results indicated that the medium of MS supplemented with 0.5 mg/L zeatin and 0.5 mg/L 2 ,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2 ,4‐D) induced the faint yellow and loose callus . The medium of MS supplemented with 3.0 mg/L 6‐benzylaminopurine (6‐BA ) and 1.0 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid(NAA) induced the green and compact callus .Both of the induction efficiency achieved 100% .The maximum regeneration frequency of adventitious buds was 100% when MS was supplemented with 5.0 mg/L 6‐BA and 0.5 mg/L NAA .The best medium for rooting of the adventitious buds was 1/2 MS medium with 1.2 mg/L IBA ,and the rooting rate was 83.3% .

[Objective]The study aimed to discuss the effects of salicylic acid(SA)on the quality of garlic bulb during the storage.[Method] With the fresh garlic bulbs from Shandong Province as the tested material,they were treated with 3 kinds of concn.(20,200,and 300 mg/L) of SA for 1 h and then were stored at(22±2)℃ indoors.The storing effect and quality changes of the garlic bulbs were determined at the fixed period so as to study the effects of SA on the storing effect and quality of garlic bulb.The changes on the precursor of allicin—alliin and allinase and the soluble sugar and protein content in the garlic bulbs during the storage period were also analyzed.[Result] SA treatment could effectively delay the germination time of garlic bulb in the storage period.The germination time of the garlic treated by 200 mg/L SA group was 25 d later than that by the control group,at the same time the contents of alliin,soluble sugar and protein and the allinase activity of the garlic bulb could be effectively kept in the storage period so as to improve the storage quality of the garlic bulb.[Conclusion] Using 200 mg/L SA treatment in the production and storage of the garlic could reach the object of realizing the high yield,good quality and high storage quality.

通过生物化学实验课程总体设计的系统化和实验内容的整合,进一步明确培养目标,提高学生的综合素质,使学生学到生物化学基础实验技能的同时也为今后独立科研工作奠定了一定的基础。

To determine the optimal harvesting time and the best plucking organs,the key environmental factors influencing huperzine A content of Huperzia serrata(Thunb.)Trev.were investigated by the grey correlation analysis based on the changes of huperzine A content in different parts of H.serrata and the environmental factors in Jiuhua Mountain.The results showed that the huperzine A content in different parts was varied,in which the content in root was the lowest,while the contents in leaf and stem were higher.In April,the huperzine Acontent in leafand stem reachedthe highestwith 0.055 9 % and 0.044 4 %,respectively.The key environmental factors influencing huperzine A content of H.serrata in Jiuhua Mountain were the contents of organic matter,TN and TP in the rhizosphere soil,and temperature and rainfall showed the least correlation with huperzine A content.It is suggested that the optimal harvesting time of H.serrata is at April in Jiuhua Mountain,and leaf and stem are the best plucking organs.

This research is concerned with optimization of Mg~(2+),Ca~(2+),Fe~(2+),Mn~(2+) and Zn~(2+) for protocorm-like body proliferation in liquid culture of Dendrobium huoshanense by one factor-at-a-time and orthogonal matrix methods.Results showed that,except for Zn~(2+),the effects of other metal ions on PLB proliferation were significant and the order was Fe~(2+)>Mn~(2+)>Mg~(2+)>Ca~(2+)>Zn~(2+).The optimal concentration combination for PLB proliferation was determined as 1.5 mmol·L~(-1) Mg~(2+),4.5 mmol·L~(-1) Ca~(2+),0.1 mmol·L~(-1) Fe~(2+),0.5 mmol·L~(-1) Mn~(2+) and 0.06 mmol·L~(-1) Zn~(2+).Proliferated PLBs remained the potential of plant regeneration.The amount of regenerated plantlets from per gram PLBs through proliferation in optimized liquid medium was 1 985.2 and was about 4.2 times that from PLBs that proliferated on original medium.

The molecular regulation of inducing apoptosis of HL-60 cells by pueraria flavonoids extract were investigated.The caspase-8 and caspase-3 mRNA expression level were examined with RT-PCR,and the caspase-8 and caspase-3 protein expression level were examined with western blotting.The results showed that 50 μg/mL pueraria flavonoids extract could increase caspase-8 and capase-3 in the mRNA and protein expression levels,and the ability of pueraria flavonoids extract in inducing HL-60 cell apoptosis was stronger than that of puerarin or daidzein.The results also suggested that pueraria flavonoids extract may execute apoptosis through the Fas way and/or mitochondria way.

为实现怀槐培养细胞高水平积累保肝成分异黄酮,本文对怀槐细胞培养基组成进行了优化.单因素试验表明,氮源和植物生长调节剂对细胞积累异黄酮具有显著影响,主要的4种因子分别是KNO3、(NH4)2SO4、2,4-D和BA.在4种因子的有效作用浓度范围进行正交试验表明,培养基中不宜含有2,4-D,适合异黄酮积累的最佳浓度组合为1500mg/L KNO3、200mg/L(NH4)2SO4和0.1mg/L BA,细胞中异黄酮积累平均达到了19.3mg/L,比优化前提高了9.3倍.

目的研究不同生长调节物质和有机添加物对霍山石斛原球茎试管再生苗生根的影响.方法将试管苗分别培养在添加不同浓度的NAA,IBA,BA,KT,香蕉泥或氨基酸的MS基本培养基中诱导生根,观察并统计试管苗生根状况.结果不同NAA,IBA,BA,KT,香蕉泥或氨基酸添加浓度对试管苗生根率、根长、生根数及长势的影响有明显差异,它们的适合浓度分别为0.2,0.1,0.8,0.8 mg/L,20%和0.1%.结论NAA,IBA和香蕉泥对霍山石斛原球茎试管再生苗生根影响较大;氨基酸,BA和KT对生根作用不明显;KT有持绿作用.