以红白锦鲤为研究对象,选用同一批次540尾红白锦鲤,初始体质量为(8.14±1.56)g,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼,分别投喂添加0.0％、0.5％、1.0％、1.5％、2.0％、2.5％松花粉的饲料,养殖30 d后,探讨饲料中松花粉对红白锦鲤生长、消化及特异性免疫力的影响.结果表明,松花粉添加水平为2.0％时,增质量率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率均显著高于对照组,饵料系数显著低于对照组.1.5％ ～2.0％松花粉可有效提高红白锦鲤肝胰脏、脾脏、头肾、中肾、脑、鳃中SOD活性、CAT活性,降低MDA含量,显著提高抗氧化能力.1.0％ ～2.0％松花粉可明显提高脾脏、头肾、中肾、脑中GSH-PX活性,头肾、中肾、脑中GSH含量也明显提高.与对照组相比,2.0％松花粉能有效提高脾脏、中肾中NO含量,同时中肠的淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性明显高于对照组.综合生长消化及非特异性免疫指标,饲料中添加松花粉的适宜水平为2.0％.

为探讨饲料中不同水平的芦荟粉对红白锦鲤生长性能、消化酶活力及抗氧化能力的影响,试验选取540尾初始体重为(8.21±0.52)g的健康红白锦鲤随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼,分别投喂添加0(对照组)、0.25％、0.50％、0.75％、1.00％、1.25％芦荟粉的饲料,标记为L1,L2～L6,试验周期为30 d.结果表明:与对照组相比,L3组和L4组蛋白质效率分别提高了42％、33％,饵料系数分别降低了31％、36％(P<0.05).L4组红白锦鲤前肠的蛋白酶活性、 中肠的脂肪酶和淀粉酶活性分别较对照组提高了49％、206％和596％(P<0.05).与对照组相比,L4组肝胰脏、脾脏抗氧化能力显著提高,其中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性分别提高了170％、26％(P<0.05);过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性分别提升了144％、251％(P<0.05);谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)分别升高了221％、30％(P<0.05);L4组肝胰脏和脑中还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量分别较对照组提高了240％、773％(P<0.05);L4组肝胰脏、头肾、中肾中丙二醛(MDA)含量较对照组分别降低了71％、29％、36％(P<0.05).L5组头肾中SOD活性和GSH含量分别较对照组提高了91％、377％,MDA含量较对照组下降了20％(P<0.05).总之,饲料中添加芦荟粉能在一定程度上提高红白锦鲤生长性能、消化酶活力和抗氧化能力,且适宜添加水平为0.75％.

Objective To investigate the effect of curcumin on autophagy and inflammatory response in mice subject to renal ischemia reperfusion.Method Forty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups (n =10 each):sham-operated (SO) group (Abdominal incision was made to expose the kidneys,bilateral renal pedicle dissociated and the abdomen sewed),ischemia reperfusion (IR) group,curcumin (CM) group (given CM 10 mg/kg) and 3-methyladenine (3-MA) group (given 3-MA 15 mg/kg).Six and 24 h after reperfusion,renal function was tested by determining the serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels,and the morphological changes in the kidney tissue were observed.The expression of LC3,Beclin 1,Rab7 and LAMP2 in kidney tissue was detected by fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting.Fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to examine the expression of IL-6,IL-10,IL-17 and TNF-α in kidney tissue and serum.Result As compared with IR group and 3-MA group,the Scr and BUN levels in the CM group were significantly decreased (P＜0.01),and the renal morphological changes were improved significantly (P＜0.01).The mRNA and protein expression of LC3,Beclin 1,Rab7 and LAMP2 was significantly increased in kidney tissue,and the expression of IL-6,IL-17 and TNF-α was reduced,while IL-10 was increased (P＜ 0.01) in the CM group as compared with IR group and 3-MA group.Conclusion Curcumin possesses a protective effect against renal ischemia reperfusion injury in mice,which is probably mediated by promoting autophagy and subsequently inhibiting inflammatory response.

半乳凝素(Galectin)存在于各种生物体内,分布于细胞核,细胞质和细胞外基质.其家族成员有14个,它们具有以下两个特性:①具有特征性的氨基酸序列:由大约130个高度保守的氨基酸序列组成糖识别结构域(carbohydrate recognition domain,CRD).

对不同外源激素配比影响杂种酸模叶组培效果进行了试验,结果表明,诱导形成愈伤组织和分化形成芽的最佳激素配比为MS+1 mg/L IBA+1 mg/L 6-BA;促进芽丛分化的激素配比为1/2 MS附加0.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.8 mg/L IBA.还对试管内和试管外生根的激素选择及其成活率进行了比较,试管外生根明显优于试管内生根.