本科临床医学专业教育标准中要求培养医学生具备终身学习、自主学习能力,养成沟通与协作意识及科学思维等.医学院校必须积极开展以"学生为中心"的教学方式及方法的改革.而在现有师生比例及硬件设施限制下,如何利用目前组织学实验教学条件在全体学生中积极开展对学生自主学习等能力的培养,山西医科大学基础医学院组织学与胚胎学教研室进行了一些探索.将实验课引入课下小组团队学习、课上汇报和组间讨论模式,为医学教育质量的提升提供有益参考.

目的 观察转录因子胰岛素增强子结合蛋白1(ISL1)在小鼠胚胎心的表达与心、第二生心区及前肠内胚层的发育.方法 胚龄8 ～13d小鼠胚胎心共18个,连续石蜡切片,用抗心肌肌球蛋白重链(MHC)、抗ISL1、抗增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)和抗α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)抗体进行免疫组织化学染色、免疫荧光染色和Western blotting检测.结果 胚龄9d,ISL1阳性心前体细胞进入流出道远端.胚龄10d,ISL1阳性细胞延伸人流出道近端及静脉窦心肌.胚龄11～12d,心内ISL1表达量逐渐增多并达高峰,动脉端ISL1阳性细胞分布于流出道远端壁、心包内主肺动脉壁及主肺动脉隔,静脉端ISL1阳性细胞主要限于窦房结和静脉瓣.动脉端前肠内胚层细胞索增至最长,周围前生心区ISL1阳性细胞密度也达高峰,并且明显多于后生心区.胚龄13d,心内及第二生心区ISL1阳性细胞显著减少,内胚层细胞索趋于消失.结论 ISL1阳性细胞在小鼠胚胎心的表达主要集中在胚龄9～ 13d,其表达模式与第二生心区及前肠内胚层的发育密切相关.

围绕课前准备,课中讲授,课后总结等方面总结教学体会,就如何积极有效地开展组织胚胎学实验课的教学,提高教学质量进行探讨。

本研究以家兔为实验动物,采用乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)组织化学染色法对家兔坐骨神经的下属分支胫骨前肌神经进行定性研究,并对其内2种主要神经纤维计数,以期了解该神经中躯体运动纤维和躯体感觉纤维的分布情况,进一步了解该肌在后肢运动中的作用.

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies(ANCA)associated small vessel vasculitis(AASV) are a group of small vessel vasculitis closely related to ANCA,and ANCA have been specific serological diagnostic tools for AASV.As the most important antigen components of ANCA,proteinase3(PR3) and myeloperoxidase(MPO)are playing an important role in activating completely polymorphonuclear neutrophil.The method composed of indirect immunofluorescence and antigen specific ELISA is regarded as normalized detection method for ANCA,and the comprehension of AASV pathogenesis includes two links:one is related to PMN activation and vascular injury;The other is related to PMN apoptosis and inflammation chronicity.In addition,the clinical features and histopathologic characteristics of patients with anti-PR3 antibody and anti-MPO antibody are still exploratory subjects.

Objective: To compare two staining methods.Methods: Two staining methods were used to stain tissue sec-tion and cell smear respectively,the preparation methods and the staining effects of two staining methods were evaluated.Results: The modified staining buffer has less sediment,no oxidized membrane,don't need filtration,has shorter staining time and better staining effects.Conclusion:The modified staining method is better than the old method and can result in better staining effects.