采用无记名问卷调查方式全面评价M o tic数码显微互动系统的学生使用情况.调查结果显示学生对实验室配置、软硬件等较满意,但使用中仍存在一些问题,比如对M o tic硬件、软件更新等方面提出更高要求,增加数字切片在实验课的应用及多媒体设备的灵活运用等.问卷结果直观体现学生对M o tic数码显微互动实验室的使用需求,以上问题的有效解决将有助于提高M o tic数码显微互动实验室的使用效率,充分发挥其优势,提升教学质量.

背景:有关人胚心脏静脉窦的形成与重塑以及心背侧间充质突的功能尚存在争议.目的:探讨人胚心房分隔过程中心背侧间充质突的确切功能以及静脉窦的形成与转归.方法:收集的人胚胎立即固定24 h后,体视显微镜下依据Carnegie分期法进行分期,分为Carnegie stage 10(CS10)-CS17.对人胚心脏切片进行免疫组织化学染色.结果与结论:①CS10-CS12,胚胎原始咽腹侧间充质与心包背侧壁的isl1阳性细胞延续至静脉窦壁参与其心肌形成;②自CS13始,冠状窦和腔静脉壁开始表达isl1,并逐渐有心肌细胞形成.同时,isl1阳性细胞参与心背侧间充质突形成;③CS15,心背侧间充质突参与心房分隔并逐渐心肌化;④结果表明,人胚静脉窦以及冠状窦、腔静脉壁的心肌来自于第二生心区的isl1阳性细胞的分化;人胚心背侧间充质突的形成与功能与小鼠胚胎的相似.

Objective To investigate the expression pattern of Tbx3 in the mouse embryonic second heart field (SHF) to provide morphological basis for the study of the regulation mechanism in SHF.Methods Serial sections of 40 mouse embryonic hearts aged from embryonic day(ED) 9 to ED15 were stained by immunohistochemistry or double-label immunofluorescence with antibodies against islet-1 (ISL-1),myosin heavy chain (MHC),myosin light chain 2 a (MLC2a),proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and T-box transcription factor 3 (Tbx3).Results Immunohistochemical positive staining for Tbx3 and SHF marker ISL-1 was distributed in pharyngeal ventral endoderm of ED9 mouse.During ED10 to ED12,immunohistochemical positive staining for ISL-1 was presented in pharyngeal ventral mesenchymal and staining intensity was increased gradually.Some ISL-1 positive mesenchymal cells were co-expressed with Tbx3.ISL-1 was also shown in the aortic sac wall,pericardial dorsal wall and the distal pole of the outflow tract,where Tbx3 was negative.However,the dorsal mesenchymal protrusion (DMP) contained ISL-1 or Tbx3 positive cells.During EDI3 to ED15,DMP was myocardialized and sporadic Tbx3 positive cells were seen in DMP.Conclusion Tbx3 expression is mainly concentrated in pharyngeal ventral mesenchyme,which suggests that Tbx3 may contribute to the survive and proliferation of SHF progenitor cells.However,its function is different in posterior second heart field(pSHF) and in SHF of arterial pole of embryonic heart.

目的:探讨小鼠胚胎动脉囊的发生发育及其与第二生心区的关系.方法:对胚龄9～13 d(ED9～13)小鼠头胸部切片做HE和免疫组织化学PAP法染色.结果:ED10,动脉囊出现于心流出道远端,管壁主要由胰岛素增强子结合蛋白-1(ISL1)阳性内皮和间充质细胞构成,可见第二生心区、原始咽腹侧壁内胚层的ISL1阳性细胞增生并迁移至动脉囊壁.ED11～12,心动脉端向尾端移位、心包腔向头端及背侧扩展及ISL1阳性细胞的添加使动脉囊大部降入心包腔.ED12～13,含有ISL1阳性细胞的主肺动脉隔与流出道嵴愈合,将心包内动脉囊分隔为升主动脉和肺动脉干;动脉囊壁ISL1阳性细胞分化为大动脉相邻及游离壁的平滑肌细胞.结论:小鼠胚胎动脉囊是第二生心区细胞添加在流出道远端形成的.动脉囊壁ISL1阳性细胞分化为流出道心肌和主肺动脉干的平滑肌.

本科临床医学专业教育标准中要求培养医学生具备终身学习、自主学习能力,养成沟通与协作意识及科学思维等.医学院校必须积极开展以"学生为中心"的教学方式及方法的改革.而在现有师生比例及硬件设施限制下,如何利用目前组织学实验教学条件在全体学生中积极开展对学生自主学习等能力的培养,山西医科大学基础医学院组织学与胚胎学教研室进行了一些探索.将实验课引入课下小组团队学习、课上汇报和组间讨论模式,为医学教育质量的提升提供有益参考.

随着社会的发展,传统的实验教学模式已不能满足组织学与胚胎学的教学要求,新型数码显微互动实验平台逐渐在组织胚胎学实验教学中兴起,并且显示出明显优势.数码显微互动实验平台示教效果良好,有利于提高授课效率和节约实验成本;平台互动性较强,有利于师生间或同学间即时动态交流,激发学习兴趣;数码显微互动实验平台还提供了多种考核方式,有利于学生自主学习模式的尝试和建立.数码显微互动实验平台在应用中也遇到一些问题,如学生显微镜操作能力降低,影响教师实验授课能力,部分硬件易损,软件不够完善等,在以后教学过程中应尽量避免或解决.

目的:了解大学生的微商消费情况及对微商的态度,对大学生微商消费及微商从业者提出合理的建议.方法:通过自编调查问卷,调查800名山西医科大学在校大学生,采用SPSS软件对数据进行统计分析.结果:不同性别对微商的青睐程度不同,大学生倾向购买的微商产品的种类也不尽相同,大学生对微商的态度褒贬不一.结论:大学生作为高消费群体要提高辨别能力,理性对待微商产品;选择微商创业也要审时度势,规避风险;微商从业者要提高自身经营素质,才能求得长久发展.

目的 探讨精子发生过程中dysbindin-1的表达及dysbindin-1对精子顶体形态的影响.方法 取生后7d、14d、21d、28d、35d和3月龄的雄性小鼠各3只,用免疫印迹法检测睾丸组织dysbindin-1的表达;以dysbindin-1缺失突变的sdy小鼠为研究对象,收集附睾尾部精子,一部分制备精子涂片,HE染色显示精子形态,用异硫氰酸荧光素-豌豆凝集素(FITC-PSA)和抗精子蛋白56(sp56)单克隆抗体进行荧光染色显示顶体的结构;另一部分采用免疫印迹法检测精子中dysbindin-1的表达.结果 不同发育阶段小鼠睾丸组织及精子中均只有dysbindin-lA,无dysbindin-1C的表达;sdy小鼠的精子及顶体的形态未见明显异常.结论 Dysbindin-1A表达于小鼠精子发生的不同时期,dysbindin-lA对精子形态维持不起关键作用.

Objective:To explore the relationship between personality characteristics ,social adaptation and sleep disorder among college students ,to provide references for mental health education and psycho-logical intervention .Methods:The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ( PSQI) ,Eysenck Personality Question-aire( EPQ ) , Self -reported Questionnaire of Social Adaptability were administered to 4548 college students.Results:The prevalence of sleep disorder was 19.8% ;The sleep disorder group had higher scores in EPQ-P and EPQ-N ( t=-8 .234 , P=0 .000;t=-21 .274 , P=0 .000 ) , and lower scores in EPQ-E,EPQ-L,social adaptation(t=9.077,P=0.000;t=7.855,P=0.000;t=9.379,P=0.000) than the normal group .There were significant correlations between the total score of PSQI ,dimensions of EPQ and social adaptation ( P <0.001 ) .Conclusion:Many college students have sleep disorder .The students with sleep disorder shows personalities of higher EPQ -N,EPQ-P and lower EPQ -E,social maturity and have some social adaptation issues .Sleep disorder ,personality characteristics and social ad-aptation interact with each other .We should pay attention to adjust and shape personality and behavior , enhance social adaptation in mental health education and psychological interventions to improve college students'sleep problems .

苏木为豆科云实属植物苏木（Caesalpinia sappan L）的干燥心材，具有行血祛瘀，消肿止痛的功能。近年来的研究结果表明，苏木提取物对多种肿瘤细胞具有显著的抑制作用［1-3］。原苏木素B是苏木中主要成分之一［4，5］，也是中国药典中苏木药材的质量标准检测指标［6］，目前尚未见到关于原苏木素B的抑癌作用报道，本文以小鼠膀胱癌细胞BTT和人膀胱癌细胞T24肿瘤细胞为靶细胞，观察离体条件下原苏木素B对靶细胞不同时间的抑制活性，以探讨原苏木素B的抗肿瘤生物活性。

实证研究一直是心理学领域的主流研究方式,但是随着近代哲学对生命的尊重,以及对生命意义的重新审视,一味采用自然科学领域常用的研究思路去进行心理学科的研究,忽视了心理学研究对象的人文性,机械地将研究对象割裂、物化,用单一的、呆板的量表,对带有主体意识的人进行研究,不仅忽视人的主观能动性,更是丧失了对个体多样性的考察.生命哲学是一种尊重生命,承认存在,并且关注生命的“绵延”性的哲学思潮.在这种观念影响下,对心理学研究方法进行批判的反思,并提出新的心理研究模式,虽然还不成熟,但也不失为一种思考方式.

The gradual application of digital microscope mutual system in experimental teaching has accelerated the change of mor-phology experimental course from the traditional teaching mode to modern virtual simulation teaching mode. This infusion of modern in-formation technology into the advanced education provides a practically effective teaching and communicative method for the teaching of pathological morphology. Many years of exploration of histology and embryology experimental teaching methods has found that the ex-perimental teaching with interactive digital microscope combining the traditional model gives full play to the advantages of the two teach-ing modes and compensates for their shortcomings. Compared with the traditional teaching mode, this interactive classroom teaching mode makes the teaching content richer, the atmosphere livelier, the initiative and enthusiasm of students fully mobilized, and the teaching effectiveness significantly improved.

Objective To explore teachers' subjective well-being and its influencing factors in basic education stage,so as to provide reference for improving teachers' well-being index and improving teachers' quality of life.Methods Using subjective well-being index scale established in 1976 by Campbell to survey 1500 teachers in six region in Taiyuan city,age ranged from 22 to 59 years old,and the results were statistically analyzed.Results Elementary school teachers' well-being index was slightly higher than that of junior high school teachers(t=3.88,P<0.01),and subjective well-being had significant differences between teachers with different education background(F=1.68,P<0.05),and different professional titles(F=2.79,P<0.01).Conclusion In basic education stage,teacher's teaching stage,education background,and professional title are part of factors affecting their subjective well-being.

目的:研究甘油二酯激酶ζ(DGKζ)在大鼠实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE)病理过程中的表达变化.方法:建立大鼠EAE模型,应用免疫蛋白印迹测定DGKζ表达量的变化,免疫组织化学和免疫荧光双标技术检测DGKζ在EAE不同病理阶段的脑干和脊髓中的细胞定位和分布的变化.结果:免疫蛋白印迹结果显示,脑干和脊髓中DGKζ在神经功能评分较低组(1～2分组)表达量均低于正常组,在神经功能评分较高组(3分和4分组)又显著升高,4分组与3分组相比无差异；免疫组织化学和免疫荧光双标结果显示,在正常组大鼠脑干和脊髓DGKζ均主要在神经元的细胞核阳性表达.在神经功能评分较低组,脑干和脊髓中DGKζ在神经元的表达减少,但在神经功能评分较高组DGKζ在神经元的表达又增多,并且在大量活化的小胶质细胞呈阳性表达.结论:DGKζ在EAE大鼠神经元和活化的小胶质细胞内表达变化提示DGKζ通过参与神经元和小胶质细胞的功能调节了该病理过程.

<正>妊娠期高血压综合征是妊娠期特有的并发症,严重危害母婴健康,近年研究发现滋养细胞浅着床,胎盘血管重铸障碍致胎盘灌注不足可能是妊娠期高血压发病的关键环节[1]。研究发现其与胚胎发育和着床过程中滋养细胞浸润能力受累有关,在滋养细胞侵蚀过程中,基质金属蛋白酶-9

目的:探讨神经嵴细胞和胰岛因子-1(ISL-1)阳性细胞与小鼠胚胎心动脉端发育的关系.方法:胚龄8～12 d小鼠胚胎心连续石蜡切片,进行免疫组织化学检测.结果:α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、心肌肌球蛋白重链(MHC)、转录因子ISL-1、激活蛋白-2α(AP-2α)的表达胚龄8d,AP-2α阳性神经嵴细胞主要表达于神经褶外胚层.胚龄9～11 d,AP-2α阳性神经嵴细胞在前肠两侧沿弓动脉逐渐迁移至流出道头端心内膜垫,并形成主肺动脉隔雏形.胚龄8～10 d,ISL-1阳性细胞分布于前肠及神经沟两侧中胚层,构成第2生心区,向流出道添加心肌细胞.胚龄10～11 d,ISL-1阳性细胞在前肠腹侧正中间充质中聚集、与AP-2α阳性细胞共同参与主肺动脉隔形成.心包腔背侧脏壁中胚层及鳃弓核心间充质的ISL-1阳性细胞与流出道α-SMA或MHC阳性心肌相延续.胚龄12d,主肺动脉隔及流出道心内膜垫失去AP-2α及ISL-1阳性表达,转变为α-SMA阳性表达结构.结论:AP-2α阳性心神经嵴细胞和第2生心区来源的ISL-1阳性心前体细胞共同参与了小鼠心动脉端的形态发生.胚龄8～10 d,ISL-1阳性细胞分化为流出道心肌细胞.胚龄10～12 d,ISL-1阳性心前体细胞与AP-2α阳性细胞共同参与了主肺动脉隔的形成和流出道的分隔.

BACKGROUND:Zoledronic acid is a new generation of diphosphate,which is the third generation of osteoporosis drugs.It is widely used to treat diseases related to increase of bone absorption in clinic.The effect of zoledronic acid on osteoclast has reached consensus,but its effect on osteoblast remains in dispute.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of zoledronic acid on the proliferation,differentiation and the mRNA expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) of rat osteoblasts.METHODS:The osteoblasts isolated from the calvaria of neonatal SD rats were cultured with different concentrations of zoledronic acid.The final concentration of zoledronic acid in the experimental group ranged from 10-5-10-9mol/L.At 3,5,and 7 days after zoledronic acid intervention,MTT colorimetric assay was used to measure the absorbance to detect the effect of zoledronic acid on the proliferation of osteoblasts.p-nitrophenyl phosphate approach method was used to detect the activities of alkaline phosphatase,while RT-PCR was used to detect OPG and TNF-α mRNA expression.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Zoledronic acid at the concentration of 10-5mol/L could inhibit the proliferation of osteoblasts,but it had no effect at concentration of 10-7-10-9mol/L.Zoledronic acid at concentration of 10-5-10-9mol/L could up-regulate the OPG mRNA expression,but down-regulate TNF-α mRNA expression.Zoledronic acid at low concentration cannot influence the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts;whereas,it can inhibit bone resorption by regulating the OPG and TNF-α mRNA expression.

围绕课前准备,课中讲授,课后总结等方面总结教学体会,就如何积极有效地开展组织胚胎学实验课的教学,提高教学质量进行探讨。

目的 研究长期饮酒对大鼠离体主动脉舒张功能的影响以及维生素C的保护作用.方法 将大鼠随机分为正常对照组、酒精组、酒精加维生素C 组,造模20周后,观察舒张药物对大鼠离体主动脉的舒张作用,同时检测大鼠肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)水平.结果 舒张药物对各组大鼠离体主动脉的舒张作用无统计学意义;维生素C可改善抗氧化系统的活性.结论 长期饮酒对大鼠离体主动脉舒张功能没有明显影响,维生素C对大鼠肝脏具有保护作用.