Kunzea ericoides (kanuka) products are well-known for their potent medicinal values in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory applications. The present study identified various compounds, such as chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, quercetin, and (E)-ferulic acid in the kanuka leaf extract, showing its potential use in maintaining skin health. The influence of kanuka leaf extract upon epidermal cells concerning cytotoxicity and in vitro activities of moisturisation, antioxidation, UV protection, and anti-melanogenesis effects were explored in the study. Kanuka leaf extract demonstrated significant promotion in the proliferation of HaCaT and B16F10 cells. After incubation with kanuka leaf extract, the content of ROS and DPPH in HaCaT was significantly decreased; at the same time, more SOD was produced. Furthermore, hyaluronidase-1 (HYAL-1) and HYAL-4 expressions were inhibited, while the aquaporin 3 (AQP-3) content was significantly increased in HaCaT. Kanuka leaf extract also inhibited the expressions of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (MMP-1) and MMP-14 in UV-induced HaCaT cells. In the B16F10 cell line, melanin and tyrosinase production were decreased under the presence of kanuka leaf extract, and the expressions of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TYRP-1), and TYRP-2 were also inhibited. The study validated kanuka leaf extract as an effective natural product against photoaging and melanogenesis.

Objective:To investigate the effects of kunzea ericoides leaf extract on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) concerning the migration, proliferation, and collagen synthesis ability and to observe the impact of kunzea ericoides leaf extract on wound healing in rats.Methods:After stimulation of kunzea ericoides leaf extract in different concentrations, assays of CCK-8 and Calcein/PI staining were applied to screen the optimal concentration of kunzea ericoides leaf extract on HDFs. The expression of Ki67 was detected to observe the proliferation ability of HDFs. Wound-healing assay was applied to detect the migration ability of HDFs after incubation with kunzea ericoides leaf extract. The expressions of typeⅠcollagen, type Ⅲ collagen, and α-smooth muscle actin were detected using the immunofluorescence and western blot assay, representing the collagen synthesis ability change of HDFs. The models of rat skin defect were established and treated with or without kunzea ericoides leaf extract, and the healing time was compared. Furthermore, the wound area tissue's morphology and collagen composition were observed using HE and Masson staining assays after complete healing.Results:The optimal concentration of kunzea ericoides leaf extract for HDFs was determined as 1% based on CCK-8 assay and Calcein/PI staining. In addition, the Ki67 expression was increased significantly [(0.71±0.16) vs (0.18±0.06), t=7.156, P<0.001], kunzea ericoides leaf extract enhanced the cell proliferation. The wound-healing assay confirmed that kunzea ericoides leaf extract improved the migration ability of HDFs. The results of the immunofluorescence and western blot assay showed that kunzea ericoides leaf extract increased the expressions of typeⅠcollagen, type Ⅲ collagen, and α-smooth muscle actin in HDFs [(43.22±7.58) vs (16.71±1.68), t=7.635, P<0.001; (46.62±5.90) vs (27.44±1.60), t=7.016, P<0.01; (1.32±0.14) vs (0.46±0.06), t=9.947, P<0.01], which meant kunzea ericoides leaf extract improved the collagen synthesis ability of HDFs. The healing time in the kunzea ericoides leaf extract group was (13.6±1.5)d, significantly shorter than (16.7±1.6)d of the control group (t=6.270, P<0.001). The results of HE and Masson staining suggested that after applying kunzea ericoides leaf extract, the skin tissue from the wound area resembled normal skin morphology and demonstrated more collagen deposition [(84.36±7.82) vs (67.72±5.24), t=5.595, P<0.001].Conclusion:Kunzea ericoides leaf extract can promote the proliferation, migration, and collagen synthesis ability of HDFs, and might promote wound healing in rats by enhancing the function of dermal fibroblasts.

目的 探讨广州地区冬春季儿童蚂蚁螫伤的临床特点,及其病程的影响因素.方法 收集2021年12月-2022年3月至广州市妇女儿童医疗中心门诊就诊的85例蚂蚁螫伤儿童病例的临床资料,进行回顾性分析.结果 85例病例临床症状主要表现为局部过敏反应,11例继发感染,4例伴荨麻疹等全身反应.采用对症治疗,85例均治愈,病程5～17 d.病程与螫伤皮疹数目及是否继发感染呈线性相关(P＜0.05);病程与是否口服糖皮质激素及年龄、性别、气温、白细胞计数等均无明显相关(P＞0.05).结论 亚热带地区冬春季仍有儿童蚂蚁螫伤发生的小高峰,其全身变态反应少见,继发感染并不少见,及时有效治疗预后良好.口服糖皮质激素对病程影响不大,病程延长与螫伤皮疹数目及继发感染关系更大.

目的 为儿童外阴阴道炎的临床治疗提供参考.方法 选取医院2018年1月至2022年6月收治的外阴阴道炎患儿736例,回顾性分析其临床资料,包括分泌物细菌、真菌、支原体培养结果及主要病原菌药物敏感性试验结果,对比主要病原菌在患儿年龄和季节间的差异.结果 病原菌培养阳性率为43.89％;检出病原菌25种(341株),以化脓性链球菌(29.03％)、金黄色葡萄球菌(24.05％)、白色念珠菌(9.09％)、流感嗜血杆菌(8.21％)为主;4种主要病原菌各自在不同季节的分布有显著差异(P<0.05),且均以夏季检出较多,化脓性链球菌冬季检出也较多;白色念珠菌感染患儿年龄显著大于另3种主要病原菌(P<0.05);化脓性链球菌对青霉素、氯霉素、左氧氟沙星、头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、万古霉素、利奈唑胺均完全敏感,金黄色葡萄球菌对替加环素、万古霉素、莫西沙星、利奈唑胺均完全敏感,白色念珠菌对两性霉素B、氟康唑、伏立康唑均完全敏感,流感嗜血杆菌对四环素、氨曲南、氯霉素、左氧氟沙星、头孢曲松、利福平、阿奇霉素、美罗培南均完全敏感.结论 感染和非特异性刺激是儿童外阴阴道炎的主要病因,不同季节和不同年龄致病菌存在一定差异,应根据病因结合药物敏感性试验结果给予恰当治疗.

患儿,男,4岁.掌跖出现红斑12天.皮肤科情况:掌指,足跖见红铜色斑,肛周可见红色湿性斑丘疹.TPPA(+),TRUST 1:16(+).诊断为获得性二期梅毒.予肌肉注射苄星青霉素治疗,皮疹完全消退.治疗后3个月复查TRUST 1:4.目前随访中.

目的: 了解影响斑秃发病的相关因素.方法: 对广州市妇女儿童医疗中心皮肤科收治的136例儿童斑秃临床资料作回顾性分析,包括年龄、性别、既往病史、家族史,首次出现斑秃的年龄,脱发严重程度评分以及实验室结果.结果:136例患儿平均首次发病年龄为(4.66±3.12)岁,85例(62.5％)首次出现斑秃的年龄小于6岁.136例患儿中75例为轻症斑秃,平均发病年龄(4.76±2.02)岁,61例为重症斑秃,平均发病年龄(2.81±2.42)岁.26例(19.12％)患儿患有注意缺陷多动障碍,53例(39％)患有过敏性疾病及9例(6.62％)患有自身免疫性疾病.16例(11.76％)有斑秃家族史,27例(20.59％)有自身免疫性疾病家族史.结论: 儿童斑秃可能与遗传、精神心理、自身免疫和变态反应有关.

Introduction A 308-nm excimer lamp combined with topical medicines has been used to treat vitiligo. However, few studies have evaluated its efficacy and influencing factors in children. Aim We investigated the clinical effects and factors influencing the effectiveness of a 308-nm excimer lamp combined with 0.03% tacrolimus ointment in treating children with non-segmental vitiligo. Material and methods A retrospective interventional case-series study was performed on 73 patients with non-segmental vitiligo treated with combination therapy. The duration of treatment ranged from 1 to 24 months, and the total number of treatments ranged from 4 to 78 sessions. We evaluated different treatment factors, including the number of treatments with a 308-nm excimer lamp, location, dose, disease course, and adverse reactions. Results Overall, 105 leukodermas were treated: 36.2% had disappeared completely. The efficiency rate was 81.9% after a median treatment duration of 10.5 months. The treatment was most effective for the face and neck. Patients with a short disease duration showed a better response (disease duration shorter than 12 months). Reported adverse reactions were mild. Conclusions Treatment using a 308-nm excimer lamp and 0.03% tacrolimus ointment is a safe and valuable treatment for children with non-segmental vitiligo.

Staphylococcus aureus is a very common Gram-positive bacterium, and S. aureus infections play an extremely important role in a variety of diseases. This paper describes the types of virulence factors involved, the inflammatory cells activated, the process of host cell death, and the associated diseases caused by S. aureus. S. aureus can secrete a variety of enterotoxins and other toxins to trigger inflammatory responses and activate inflammatory cells, such as keratinocytes, helper T cells, innate lymphoid cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. Activated inflammatory cells can express various cytokines and induce an inflammatory response. S. aureus can also induce host cell death through pyroptosis, apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, etc. This article discusses S. aureus and MRSA (methicillin-resistant S. aureus) in atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, pulmonary cystic fibrosis, allergic asthma, food poisoning, sarcoidosis, multiple sclerosis, and osteomyelitis. Summarizing the pathogenic mechanism of Staphylococcus aureus provides a basis for the targeted treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infection.

目的 评价含青刺果油、马齿苋提取物的润肤剂辅助治疗婴儿湿疹的临床疗效及安全性.方法 80例中度亚急性头面部婴儿湿疹患儿采用病例自身对照,治疗组(左侧)皮损外涂含青刺果油、马齿苋提取物的润肤剂联合丁酸氢化可的松乳膏,对照组(右侧)皮损单独外涂丁酸氢化可的松乳膏.于第3、7、14天记录皮疹变化及EASI评分,比较两侧的评分、痊愈率、有效率,以及停止使用丁酸氢化可的松乳膏4周及8周后双侧的EASI评分、复发率及不良反应.结果 观察第3、7、14、42、70天,两组的EASI评分平均值均明显降低,且治疗组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).治疗组2周有效率分别为92.50％,高于对照组的80.00％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).停止外涂丁酸氢化可的松乳膏4周和8周后,两组复发率比较差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).观察期内未发现明显不良反应.结论 含青刺果油、马齿苋提取物的润肤剂对婴儿湿疹的治疗有良好的辅助作用,在维护皮肤屏障功能,延缓婴儿湿疹复发方面有一定的应用价值.

Acne is the eighth most common disease worldwide. Disease burden of acne such as anxiety, reduced self-esteem, and facial scarring lowers the life quality of acne patients. Isotretinoin is the most potent treatment for moderate-severe acne. However, the adverse events of isotretinoin especially teratogenicity limit its use. This study aims at investigating the therapeutical mechanisms of isotretinoin using bioinformatics analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were filtered from microarray datasets GSE10432, GSE10433, and GSE11792. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs were performed. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and module analyses were also conducted based on DEGs. Using isotretinoin for 1 week, LCN2 , PTGES , and GDF15 were upregulated and might mediate sebocytes apoptosis and thus decreased sebum production; CCL2 originated from activated TNF signaling pathway and S100A7 could be related with “acne-flare”. While treating with isotretinoin for 8 weeks, key genes were downregulated, including HMGCS1 , HMGCR , FDFT1 , MVD , IDI1 , and FDPS , which may be associated with decreased sebum synthesis; HMGCS1 , HMGCR , and FDFT1 also probably associated with apoptosis of sebocytes. There were only two common genes including ACSBG1 and BCAT2 which worked in both 1 week and 8 weeks and could associate with decreased sebum synthesis and apoptosis of sebocytes, respectively. These results indicate potential therapeutics and side effect mechanisms of isotretinoin in the acne treatment and provide a research direction to further investigate the therapeutic mechanism of isotretinoin and thus develop retinoid-like compounds with similar curative effect and without teratogenicity.

目的 探讨308 nm准分子激光照射联合外涂复方卡力孜然酊,治疗儿童局限型白癜风的临床效果及影响因素.方法 选取我科收治的136例局限型白癜风病变部位的临床资料进行回顾性分析,按照治疗方式分两组,观察组90例采用308 nm准分子激光联合复方卡力孜然酊治疗,对照组46例单独外涂复方卡力孜然酊治疗.针对不同影响因素(照射次数、部位、病程长短、联合用药)对治疗效果的影响进行临床分析.结果 观察组治疗起效时间(21.32±3.10)d;治疗有效例数达到78例(86.7％).对照组治疗起效时间(34.7±5.23)d,治疗有效例数达到32 (69.5％).结论 采用308 nm准分子激光照射联合复方卡力孜然酊外涂治疗儿童局风疗效理想,起效快,复发率低,不良反应轻.作为有效而安全的选择之一,适合临床治疗推广.

目的:探讨斑贴试验在特应性皮炎(AD)患儿食物过敏诊断中的价值.方法:研究52例有可疑食物过敏的AD患儿,同时进行开放性食物激发试验,血清特异性IgE检测(SIgE),皮肤点刺实验(SPT),斑贴试验(APT).结果:52例AD患儿中,108人次实施开放性食物激发试验,其中62人次验证为(+).62人次中53人次经血清特异性IgE检测(SIgE)验证为(+)(53/62,85％),50人次经皮肤点刺实验(SPT)验证为(+)(50/62,81％),32人次经斑贴试验(APT)验证为(+)(32/62,52％).斑贴试验与迟发临床反应有关(敏感性82％,特异性93％),点刺实验和血清特异性IgE检测与速发临床反应有关.结论:斑贴试验(APT)对于诊断特应性皮炎惠儿食物过敏是一个较好的辅助检查,尤其对于SIgE及SPT无法发现的迟发的食物过敏反应.APT有助于避免不必要的饮食限制.

目的观察皮肤止痒脱敏膜对婴儿擦烂红斑的临床疗效。方法临床上选择擦烂红斑患儿103例,分为试验组56例:用皮肤止痒脱敏膜湿敷,每次15 min;对照组47例:予20%鱼肝油软膏涂于皮损处,两组均2次/日,疗程1周。结果治疗组有效率为71.4%;对照组有效率为36.1%,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(χ2=12.85,P<0.01)。结论皮肤止痒脱敏膜治疗婴儿擦烂红斑有显著效果,无明显副作用,适合婴幼儿临床使用。

<正>新生儿红斑狼疮(NLE)是发生于胎儿及新生儿期的一种较少见的疾病,由母亲所产生并经胎盘进入患儿的自身抗体所引起。其主要临床表现为:皮肤红斑和心脏损害。国内相关病例报道不多,到2001年止,全国仅公开发表了14例病例[1]。经过文献检索,2002年至今又有18例报道。为了加强对本病的更进一步认识,对我科近几年诊治的13例NLE患儿进行了临床观察和随访,现报道如下。

目的分析儿童慢性过敏性皮肤病血清总IgE和变应原特异性IgE水平变化,了解广州地区儿童过敏性皮肤病变应原分布特点。方法采用多种过敏原同时检测系统(MAST)对213例特应性皮炎和356例慢性荨麻疹患儿行血清总IgE和35种特异性IgE检测。结果538例血清总IgE阳性,阳性率达94.6%,各季节阳性率比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。特异性IgE阳性最常见的变应原是尘螨(粉尘螨和屋尘螨),特应性皮炎患儿的粉尘螨和屋尘螨特异性IgE检出率分别为40.4%和35.2%,而慢性荨麻疹患儿的这两种尘螨特异性IgE检出率分别为17.7%和12.4%,两种疾病比较差异有高度显著性(P<0.005)。结论尘螨是本地区特应性皮炎和慢性荨麻疹最常见的变应原,其特异性IgE在特应性皮炎患儿血清中的检出率明显高于慢性荨麻疹。