Objective:To investigate the effect of early ambulation time on lower limbs muscle strength and fear of falling in patients with total knee arthroplasty, so as to provide basis for promoting the postoperative rehabilitation of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.Methods:A total of 210 patients after unilateral total knee replacement from July 2018 to December 2019 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were included and assigned to experimental group 1, experimental group 2 and experimental group 3 by random digits table method, each group contained 70 cases, and the patients began ambulation at 16, 20, 24 hours after knee replacement, respectively. The peak torque (PT) of knee joints flexors and extensor as well as hamstrings quadriceps ratio (H/Q) were compared among three groups at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after knee replacement. The fall efficiency was evaluted by Modified Fall Efficacy Scale (MFES), the fear of falling rate was conducted by single item method.Results:After 1 month of knee replacement, the PT of knee joints flexor and extensor and H/Q were (18.73±5.49) N·m, (37.56±7.76) N·m, (48.08±9.19)% and (18.44±5.27) N·m, (37.04±7.07) N·m, (47.49±9.30)% in the experimental group 1 and experimental group 2, which were higher than those in the experimental group 3(16.38±2.85) N·m, (33.75±6.75) N·m, (43.48±7.17)%, the differences were statically significant ( t values were 2.316-3.057, P<0.05). After 1 week of knee replacement, the fear of falling rate were 72.3%(47/65) and MFES scores were (3.14±0.58) points in the experimental group 1, 53.7%(36/67), (3.81±0.65) points and 50.8%(32/63), (3.87±0.74) points in the experimental group 2 and experimental group 3, the fear of falling rate significantly increased and MFES scores significantly decreased in the experimental group 1 compared to the experimental group 2 and experimental group 3, the differences were statistically significant ( χ2 values were 5.780, 4.878, t values were 6.221, 6.129, P<0.05). Conclusions:Twenty hours after knee replacement is the best time for ambulation, which can shortern the time for lower limbs muscle strength recovery and reduce the risk of fear of falling.

目的 分析研究早期下床开始时间对全膝关节置换术患者功能恢复的影响.方法 收集2019年1-9月入住我院关节外科50～80岁的膝关节骨性关节炎患者共90例,其中每季度第1月入院者设为对照组共30例,每季度第2月入院者设为观察A组共30例,每季度第3月入院者设为观察B组共30例.观察A组在术后16 h开始下床活动,观察B组在术后20 h开始下床活动,对照组在术后24h开始下床活动.比较3组患者的一般临床资料,比较术后第3天、第5天膝关节最大屈曲、最大伸直角度及借助步行器行走距离;比较3组患者术后第7天、术后1月、术后3月膝关节评分和日常生活能力评分.结果 3组患者在术后第3天膝关节最大伸直角度、最大屈曲角度、借助步行器行走距离及术后第5天膝关节最大伸直角度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但术后第5天最大屈曲角度及借助步行器行走距离差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中观察A组屈曲角度最大,借助步行器行走距离最远.3组患者中观察A组在术后第7天、术后1月HSS评分最高(P<0.05),在术后第7天ADL评分最高(P<0.05).结论 全膝关节置换术后患者在术后16 h开始下床活动可更有效地恢复膝关节功能、改善生活质量,有助于患者早日康复.

目的 评价快速康复外科理念下的多模式镇痛对全膝关节置换术围手术期疼痛和功能恢复的影响.方法 选取2018年1-12月苏州大学附属第二医院行全膝关节置换术患者200例,将单月手术患者100例设为对照组,行常规围手术期护理;双月手术患者100例设为观察组,行基于快速康复外科理念的多模式镇痛护理,包括术前宣教及疼痛评估、术后疼痛评估、药物镇痛及观察、早期进食、早期锻炼等措施.具有康复专业知识的护士于床边指导协助并采集数据,比较2组患者术后不同时段的疼痛程度、首次单独直腿抬高时间、下床活动时间、关节屈曲度及膝关节功能评分(HSS评分).结果 观察组术后回室时、6h、12 h、24h和48 h疼痛程度明显小于对照组,首次单独直腿抬高平均时间、下床活动平均时间观察组分别为26.5(22.5,36.0)h和38.0(24.0,49.0)h,早于对照组的49.0(31.0,58.0)h和75.0(48.0,87.0)h.观察组术后第3天、第5天关节屈曲度分别为83.0(65.0,98.0)o和92.0(83.0,107.0)°,明显高于对照组的70.0(45.0,95.0)o和81.0(64.0,102.0)°.观察组术后1、3个月HSS评分分别为86.0(73.0,91.0)分和75.0(68.0,82.0)分,明显高于对照组术后1、3月评分67.5(60.5,71.0)分和74.0(66.5,80.0)分.结论 基于快速康复外科理念的多模式镇痛可以明显降低全膝关节置换术患者术后疼痛程度,提升功能恢复的效果.

目的 探讨应用医疗失效模式与效应分析理论优化围手术期住院患者检查流程的效果.方法 采用工作分解结构模式修订围手术期住院患者检查流程,应用医疗失效模式与效应分析对该流程进行失效风险评估和原因分析,制订质量改进方案,并对改进前后各项指标进行比较.结果 实施围手术期住院患者检查管理持续质量改进后,检查流程落实的规范率、患者的满意度及护士检查相关知识掌握率均显著提高(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).结论 应用医疗失效模式和效应分析制订围手术期住院患者检查持续质量改进方案,有利于规范检查流程.

[目的]探讨医疗失效模式与效应分析理论(HFMEA)在优化神经外科住院病人预约检查流程中的应用效果.[方法]应用HFMEA模式对神经外科住院病人预约检查流程进行危害分析,找出失效模式和失效原因,针对需优先解决的问题进行措施改进,对流程改进前后各项指标进行比较.[结果]改进后检查流程执行规范率较改进前提高了27.78％,病人满意度提升了8.34％(P均＜0.05),改进后护士知识掌握率达到100％.[结论]运用HFMEA模式优化了预约检查流程,提高了专科预约检查流程落实的规范率.

[目的]分析高龄帕金森合并股骨颈骨折病人行人工股骨头置换术后脱位的高危因素，探讨预见性护理对策实施效果。[方法]选取帕金森合并股骨颈骨折行人工股骨头置换者15例，分析术后脱位的高危因素，从术前评估、术后搬运、体位、病情监测、用药、康复训练等方面实施预见性护理干预措施。[结果]术后3月内15例病人均未发生关节脱位，髋关节 Harris 评分为82.33分±6.35分，达80分及以上者11例。[结论]开展预见性护理干预可有效预防术后关节脱位，保证髋关节功能正常恢复。

Objective To describe the cognitive levels about cervical cancer and it' s screening.Methods The investigated result of 100 women from a community in Beijing were analysed by a scale with convenience sampling method. Results The score of cervical cancer and the screening was lower than the average level. Only 38% can have medical checkups within last 2 years. There were also 38% have Palestinian cytology inspection and only 3% have the habit of having medical checkups at the regular intervals. Conclusions Women in community had lower cognitive levels about the cervical cancer and it's screening, and were short of relevance knowledge. They have prevention consciousness without pertinent activity.