Biological dressings have emerged as a promising approach for effective wound treatment. However, despite extensive research, the fabrication of biomass-based dressings with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as high biocompatibility, remains a challenge. In this study, the byproducts of Andrias davidianus as raw materials were used to prepare a biomass-based Pickering emulsion. A stable emulsion was formed by homogenizing A. davidianus collagen (AD-SC) with liver oil (AD-LO). The antioxidant peptides (AD-BP) were then incorporated into the mixture, and a Pickering emulsion loaded with antioxidant peptides was successfully prepared. The stability of AD-PE was confirmed through storage, centrifugation, and ζ-potential analyses, and the emulsion exhibited the controlled release of the peptides. In vitro experiments confirmed that AD-PE exhibited marked antioxidant activity and high biocompatibility, with no cytotoxicity, and the promotion of cell migration. In addition, in vivo evaluations demonstrated that AD-PE accelerated wound healing by leveraging the synergistic effects of its components to reduce inflammation and mitigate oxidative damage. This work offers a novel approach for the biomedical application of AD-PE and a new strategy for the utilization of A. davidianus processing byproducts.

In this study,the by-products processed from Andrias davidianus were evaluated,and the structure,activity,and functionality of the metallothionein from this amphibian species(AdMT)were investigated.AdMT was extracted from the liver using a centrifugal homogenization method,with the extraction process optimized by means of single-factor and orthogonal experiments.Subsequently,the protein was purified using ion-exchange chromatography.The antioxidative activity of AdMT was assessed by measuring its free radical-scavenging ability,and its cytotoxicity was evaluated using the lactate dehydrogenase release assay.The anti-inflammatory activity of the protein was determined by RAW264.7 cell model of lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation,and its immunogenicity and effect on cell proliferation were analyzed using the CCK-8 assay.Its effects on the cell cycle and cell migration ability were assessed using flow cytometric and scratch assays,respectively.Its heavy metal detoxification capacity was evaluated using L929 and HaCaT cell models of CdCl2-induced toxicity.Results showed that,the optimal AdMT extraction conditions were determined to be as follows:Liquid-to-material ratio of 5∶1,extraction solution concentration of 0.02 mol/L,extraction temperature of 40℃,and extraction time of 1 h,yielding 0.362 mg/g of the protein.AdMT exhibited a 95.01％scavenging rate against ABTS+free radicals and had no significant impact on the lactate dehydrogenase release rates of L929 and HaCaT cells or on the viability of RAW264.7 cells.After 48 h of AdMT treatment,the viability of L929 and HaCaT cells improved to 192.63％and 207.92％,respectively,and their cell proliferation indices increased to 0.56 and 0.53,respectively.Additionally,the migration ability of the L929 and HaCaT cells increased with increasing AdMT concentration,showing scratch healing rates were 63.38％and 76.23％,respectively.In the cell inflammation model,AdMT significantly(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.001)reduced the expression levels of inflammatory factors.Furthermore,the survival rate of Cd-exposed cells was restored to that of the control group.These results would provide a reference for the development of AdMT and utilization of by-products processed from Andrias davidianus.

Frankliniella intonsa Trybom is a common flower-inhabiting thrips species and an economically important pest of numerous horticultural and agricultural crops. Olfactory cues are important for thrips to find host plants. In this study, the olfactory behavioral responses of F. intonsa to volatiles from five Rosa chinensis cultivars (Samantha, Zeprti, Queen Elizabeth, Golden Scepter, and Witte Koster) were tested in Y-tube and six-arm olfactometer experiments. Then the volatile components of the R. chinensis flowers were analyzed by SPME coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Both female and male thrips showed significant preferences for volatiles from the five R. chinensis cultivars compared with clean air (CA). However, according to the six-arm olfactometer bioassays, female F. intonsa adults were better than male thrips at recognizing the odor stimulation and showed the strongest olfactory preference for Samantha, followed by Zeprti, Queen Elizabeth, Golden Scepter, and then Witte Koster. SPME-GC-MS analysis identified 56, 53, 53, 57, and 60 components in the volatile profiles of Samantha, Zeprti, Queen Elizabeth, Golden Scepter, and Witte Koster, respectively. Eugenol (12.53%) was the most abundant volatile compound in cultivar Witte Koster, alpha-pinene was the most abundant compound in Samantha (18.26%) and Zeprti (23.73%), and phenylethyl alcohol was the most abundant in Queen Elizabeth (30.10%) and Golden Scepter (31.33%). Therefore, the olfactory responses of F. intonsa to different R. chinensis cultivars demonstrated that host-related volatiles play an important role in thrip host-searching. Future mitigation approaches, for example, attractant traps, could still be used for key monitoring and control of this pest.

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Hemsleya amabilis Diels, belongs to cucurbitaceae, was traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It is widely used to treat various diseases. However, these diseases may contribute to the development of RCC.Aim of the study: investigated the anticancer activities of root extract of Hemsleya amabilis Diels (HRE), and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanism in vivo and in vitro.Materials and methods: Dried Hemsleya amabilis Diels roots were extracted by ethyl acetate and used to treat RCC4, OS-RC-2 and ACHN cells. UHPLC-MS was used to analyze the chemical composition of the extract. CCK-8 and colony formation assay were used to investigate proliferation. PI staining was used to detect cell cycle. Annexin-V-FITC, AO/EB and TEM were used to evaluate apoptosis. Transwell and wound healing assays were used to evaluate migration and invasion. RNA-seq, Network pharmacology, autodocking for virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation were used to analyze potential molecular mechanisms and active components of HRE inhibiting proliferation of RCC. LY294002 and UC2288 were used to inhibit PI3K and P21 expression, respectively. IGF-1 was used to activate PI3K. Xenograft tumor model was established to evaluate its anti-tumor potential in vivo. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to test protein expression levels. H & E staining was used to explore the side effects of HRE in vivo. Applying bioinformatics to analyze the effect of P21 on RCC.Results: HRE consists of 739 compounds. CCK-8 and colony formation assay showed that HRE significantly inhibited RCC cells proliferation. PI staining indicated that HRE caused G2/M phase arrest. Annexin-V-FITC, AO/ EB and TEM experiments revealed that HRE significantly promoted apoptosis of RCC cells. Transwell and wound healing assays showed that HRE can inhibit the migration and invasion of RCC cells. RNA-seq showed that HRE induced 230 gene changes. Network pharmacology analysis found the relationship between HRE-componenttarget-RCC. Auto-docking found that Epitulipinolide diepoxide in HRE can stably bind to PIK3CA (-7.22 kJ/ mol), and molecular dynamics simulation verified the combination between Epitulipinolide diepoxide of PIK3CA. In RCC4 cells, pretreatment with IGF-1, attenuated HRE-induced apoptosis and G2/M arrest. When pretreated with PIK3 inhibitor LY294002, the opposite result appears. Pretreatment with CDKN1A (P21) inhibitor UC2288 attenuated HRE-induced G2/M arrest. Xenograft tumor model showed that HRE inhibited tumor growth. Western blot analysis indicated that HRE can regulating Bax, Bcl-2, PARP, cleared-PARP, Caspase-9, Caspase-8, Caspase-3, Survivin, Cyclin-B1, CDK1, N-cadherin, snail, slug, E-cadherin, MMP-9. Immunohistochemical staining showed that in the treated group, expression of E-cadherin, Bax, P21 was up-regulated, while N-cadherin, PI3K, AKT and Bcl-2 were down-regulated. H & E staining showed that compared to control groups, the main organs in the HRE-treated groups showed no histological abnormalities. The overall survival rate of RCC patients in the high-expression group of P21 was higher than in the low-expression group of P21 on bioinformatics analysis.Conclusions: HRE inhibited RCC migration and invasion through EMT, and inhibited proliferation in vivo and in vitro. In addition, HRE inhibited proliferation through promoting apoptosis and P21-induced G2/M phase arrest via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Overall, these results suggest that HRE may be a promising chemotherapy agent for RCC.

BACKGROUNDDifferent thrips species can co-occur on the same flowers with different dominance degrees. To accurately evaluate the population performance on different thrips species on Magnolia grandiflora flowers, we investigated the diversity of thrips species and their population dynamics both in the field and laboratory. In addition, the activities of detoxifying and protective enzymes in thrips were also measured. RESULTSField investigations revealed that four thrips species (Thrips hawaiiensis, Thrips flavidulus, Frankliniella occidentalis, and Thrips coloratus) coexisted on M. grandiflora flowers. They were ranked, from highest population density to lowest, as follows: T. hawaiiensis > T. flavidulus > F. occidentalis > T. coloratus. In laboratory investigations, the species were ranked, from fastest developmental rates to slowest, as follows: F. occidentalis > T. hawaiiensis > T. flavidulus > T. coloratus; and from largest population size to smallest, as follows: T. hawaiiensis > F. occidentalis > T. flavidulus > T. coloratus. Biochemistry assays showed that the four species differed in their activities of detoxifying enzymes (carboxylesterase, glutathione-S-transferase, and cytochrome P450) and protective enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase) in both laboratory and field strains. CONCLUSIONDifferences in population performance among these four thrips on M. grandiflora may be related to their activity levels of physiological enzymes. The variations in thrips population performance between the field and the laboratory could be due to differences in environmental conditions. T. hawaiiensis showed a strong host preference for M. grandiflora, and thus it has the potential to be a dangerous pest in horticultural plants. (c) 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

随着经济社会高速发展,在校大学生受外在竞争环境的影响,学习压力和情感压力越发明显,大学生的校园生活也越来越受到关注.介绍了如何通过运用园艺疗法理论打造校园疗愈景观实践基地,用营造植物景观的方式来调节大学生的内在压力、焦虑、抑郁等问题.以贵阳学院为例,探究园艺疗法与高校校园疗愈景观空间营建相适宜的应用模式.

为最快筛选出适宜在贵阳地区种植的优良月季品种,用灰色关联系数以及灰色关联度的计算对贵阳地区引种栽培的7种月季的8个性状做出了比较分析.结果表明:7种月季通过等权关联度排序为"我的选择">"布加蒂">"帕瓦罗蒂">"加里娃达">"金凤凰">"南海">"莫汉娜";在加权情况下与等权情况下的排序是一样的,两种模糊综合评判结果一致."我的选择""布加蒂""帕瓦罗蒂"3种月季品种综合表现较优.可为今后引种月季品种资源的选择和评价提供借鉴.

The Chinese giant salamander, Andrias davidianus, is the largest amphibian species in the world; it is thus an economically and ecologically important species. The skin of A. davidianus exhibits complex adaptive structural and functional adaptations to facilitate survival in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we report the first full-length amphibian transcriptome from the dorsal skin of A. davidianus, which was assembled using hybrid sequencing and the PacBio and Illumina platforms. A total of 153,038 transcripts were hybrid assembled (mean length of 2039 bp and N50 of 2172 bp), and 133,794 were annotated in at least one database (nr, Swiss-Prot, KEGG, KOGs, GO, and nt). A total of 58,732, 68,742, and 115,876 transcripts were classified into 24 KOG categories, 1903 GO term categories, and 46 KEGG pathways (level 2), respectively. A total of 207,627 protein-coding regions, 785 transcription factors, 27,237 potential long non-coding RNAs, and 8299 simple sequence repeats were also identified. The hybrid-assembled transcriptome recovered more full-length transcripts, had a higher N50 contig length, and a higher annotation rate of unique genes compared with that assembled in previous studies using next-generation sequencing. The high-quality full-length reference gene set generated in this study will help elucidate the genetic characteristics of A. davidianus skin and aid the identification of functional skin proteins.

ABSTRACT The free choice of Frankliniella occidentalis to the paper color simulative to Rosa chinensis cultivars (Ruby, Love,Parade,Mohana, Pink Peace, and Spectra) was tested in Petri dishes, and their behavioral responses to the volatiles of different these R. chinensis cultivars was tested in a Y-tube olfactometer. The results showed that F. occidentalis exhibited color preference for yellow (Mohana ≈ Spectra) > red (Ruby ≈ Love) > pink (Parade ≈ Pink Peace), whereas the preference for plant flower volatiles was Ruby > Love > Parade > Mohana > Pink Peace > Spectra. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis showed that benzeneethanol was the single most abundant component in the volatile profiles of Ruby, Love, and Mohana, with contents of 37.03, 25.25, and 33.13%, respectively. (Z)-3-Hexenyl acetate was the most abundant component in the volatile profiles of Parade and Spectra, with contents of 39.87 and 22.62%, respectively. Geraniol (16.07%) was the most abundant component of the Pink Peace volatiles. Therefore, future mitigation approaches, e.g., color sticky traps or/and attractants, could be still used for the key monitoring and control of F. occidentalis on a particular cultivar when different varieties of certain crops were grown together on a large scale.

Collagen type II (CT-II) has unique biological activities and functions, yet the knowledge on amphibian-derived CT-II is rare. Herein, acid-soluble collagen (ASC) and pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC) were successfully isolated and characterized from the cartilage of Chinese Giant Salamander (CGS). The in vitro immunogenicity of collagen was then evaluated and compared with that of the standard bovine CT-II (SCT-II) by T-lymphocyte cell proliferation activity. Results demonstrated that ASC and PSC were predominantly CT-II along with minor collagen type I and maintained intact triple-helical structure of nature collagen. Compared with SCT-II, higher glycine content (337.80 and 339.93 residues/1000 residues) and lower degree of proline hydroxylation (51.81% and 52.52%) were observed in ASC and PSC. Additionally, PSC showed comparable Td (63 °C) and higher Tm (109 °C) than SCT-II (64 °C and 103 °C, respectively), indicating its high thermal and structural stability. SEM revealed that the lyophilized ASC and PSC had interconnected porous network structures of collagen-based materials. Moreover, different from SCT-II, both ASC and PSC presented no immunogenicity because they did not cause obvious proliferation of murine T-lymphocyte regardless of the induced concentration of collagen increased from 8 to 417 μg/mL. These data suggested that the amphibian-derived CGS cartilage collagens avoid the immunogenic risk of terrestrial animal collagen, and show high thermal stability and potential advantage in biomedical application.

多元化发展是我国高等教育办学主体发展的必然趋势.本文以贵阳学院为例,从人才培养目标、 学科专业设置、课程与教学模式等方面,探讨构建地方院校园林专业多元化人才培养模式的方法.

采用Y型嗅觉仪和四臂嗅觉仪法测定了黄胸蓟马对洋桔梗、杜鹃、百合及菊花4种花挥发物的行为反应,并进一步采用GS-MS方法分析了4种花的挥发物在成分及含量上的差异,以期探讨黄胸蓟马的寄主选择机制和危害机制.结果表明,黄胸蓟马雌成虫对不同花卉表现出稳定的偏好性,依次为洋桔梗>杜鹃>百合>菊花.通过GC-MS分析,在洋桔梗上共检测到38种化合物,其中2-丁烯醛含量最高,为47.06％;杜鹃上共检测到56种化合物,其中壬醛含量最高,为15.21％;百合上共检测到42种化合物,其中反-β-罗勒烯含量最高,为25.16％;菊花上共检测到44种化合物,其中菊油环酮含量最高,为30.50％.因此,黄胸蓟马对4种花卉不同的偏好性,可能与其挥发物成分的种类及含量差异密切相关.

Small heat shock proteins (sHsps) are molecular chaperones that play crucial roles in the stress adaption of insects. In this study, we identified and characterized four sHsp genes (LsHsp19.4, 20.2, 20.3, and 22.2) from the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius). The four cDNAs encoded proteins of 169, 180, 181, and 194 amino acids with molecular weights of 19.4, 20.2, 20.3, and 22.2 kDa, respectively. The four LsHsp sequences possessed a typical sHsp domain structure. Quantitative real-time PCR analyses revealed that LsHsp19.4 and 20.3 transcripts were most abundant in pupae, whereas the transcript levels of LsHsp20.2 and 22.2 were highest in adults. Transcripts of three LsHsp genes were highly expressed in the larval fat body, whereas LsHsp20.2 displayed an extremely high expression level in the gut. Expression of the four LsHsp genes was dramatically upregulated in larvae exposed to 20-hydroxyecdysone. The majority of the LsHsp genes were significantly upregulated in response to heat and cold treatments, while LsHsp19.4 was insensitive to cold stress. The four genes were upregulated when challenged by immune triggers (peptidoglycan isolated from Staphylococcus aureus and from Escherichia coli 0111:B4). Exposure to CO2 increased LsHsp20.2 and 20.3 transcript levels, but the LsHsp19.4 transcript level declined. The results suggest that different LsHsp genes play important and distinct regulatory roles in L. serricorne development and in response to diverse stresses.

针对贵州贵阳地区引进的6种露地栽培的大花月季,采用灰色关联法对其性状进行评估鉴定.结果 表明,法国千叶的综合表现最好,其次是丰花、爱,表现最差的则为金凤凰.6种大花月季的分析结果与实际观察的表象相一致,可为贵阳地区今后在引种大花月季品种资源方面提供借鉴.

Environmental temperature has a significant impact on insect behavior. The present study aimed to determine the effects of temperature on the development, survival, and reproduction of Thrips hawaiiensis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), an important flower-inhabiting thrips. These effects were evaluated at five constant temperatures (18, 21, 24, 27, and 30°C) on thrips reared in the laboratory on excised Gardenia jasminoides flowers. The developmental durations of egg, first instar, second instar, prepupa, pupa, and the entire immature stages were shortened in response to a temperature increase from 18 to 30°C. The highest generational survival rate was at 27°C (75.00%), whereas the lowest was at 18°C (46.00%). The minimum threshold and effective accumulated temperatures for completing a generation of T. hawaiiensis were 7.62°C and 171.26 degree-days, respectively. The highest fecundity (95.80) was at 27°C, but it was not significantly different than at 24°C (84.72) or 30°C (84.32). The highest oviposition rate of 5.57 eggs per female per day occurred at 27°C, which was significantly higher than at any other temperature. Both the highest intrinsic rate of increase, at 0.200, and net reproduction rate, at 44.97, for T. hawaiiensis were observed at 27°C, whereas the lowest values of 0.114 and 25.56, respectively, were observed at 18°C. These results suggest that T. hawaiiensis is well adapted to temperate conditions, with an optimal temperature range for development of 24 to 30°C, with the most suitable temperature for both development and reproduction being 27°C.

微型月季在盆栽上的运用发展迅速,市场前景可观.本研究了分析4个微型月季品种‘金太阳’(‘Sol aurea’)、‘金边’(‘Phnom Penh’)、‘迷你水果’(‘Mini fructum’)、‘白柯斯特’(‘Alba Coster’)的盆栽试验效果.统计了植株茎、叶、花的数据,并应用模糊数学模型综合评价法对四个微型月季品种之间茎、叶、花三个方面进行了综合对比分析.研究结果显示:‘白柯斯特’的盆栽优选评判值为0.890,‘金边’为0.697,‘金太阳’为0.665,‘迷你水果’为0,因此,盆栽月季品种盆栽表现最好的是白柯斯特,其次是金边和金太阳,迷你水果表现最差.

The bamboo snout beetle Cyrotrachelus buqueti (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a destructive forest pest and distributed widely in Southeast Asia. The 15,035 bp complete mitochondrial genome of the species consists of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), 21 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs) and a control region (GenBank accession no. MG674390). The trnl gene was not found in the C. buqueti mitogenome. The gene order and the orientation of C. buqueti were similar to those found in other Coleoptera species. The nucleotide composition was significantly biased (A, G, C, and T was 38.18%, 10.10%, 16.16%, and 35.56%, respectively) with A + T contents of 73.74%. ATG, ATA, ATT, AAT, and TTG were initiation codons and TAA, TAG, and T were termination codons. All the 21 tRNAs displayed a typical cloverleaf secondary structure, except for trnS1 which lacked the dihydrouridine arm. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using 13 PCGs with 14 other beetles showed that C. buqueti is closely related to Eucryptorhynchus brandti, which agree with the traditional classification.

Chinese giant salamander (CGS) has high medicinal value and long history of clinical use in ancient China. In this study, CGS skin (CGSS) collagen was extracted and purified to prepare collagen sponge by freeze-drying. TEMPO oxidized microfibrillated cellulose (TEMPO-MFC) and genipin were adopted to improve the mechanical properties of collagen sponge. The hygroscopicity, porosity, mechanical properties, hemostatic performance, morphology, and biodegradability of the resultant sponges were investigated in detail. The results indicated that CGSS collagen was type I collagen with intact triple-helical structure, and the prepared sponge had porous structure and excellent hemostatic performance with procoagulant ratio of 53.28%. However, the CGSS collagen sponge showed low tensile strength (TS) of 98.80 KPa, compression strength (CS) of 1.48 KPa, and elongation at break (E) of 4.72%. Incorporating 2.5% TEMPO-MFC into the native CGSS collagen sponge resulted in an increase of 188.26% in TS to 284.80 KPa, 166.89% in CS to 3.95 KPa, and 73.52% in E to 8.19%. The improvements were attributed to the physical filling of TEMPO-MFC in cavity and cavity wall of collagen sponge and the stable chemical linkage between carboxyl of TEMPO-MFC and amino group of collagen which effectively improved the toughening of sponge and formed good interface bonding, respectively. Subsequent 0.3% genipin treatment further improved the TS to 605.00 KPa and the CS to 8.66 KPa as a result of crosslinking reaction. Moreover, the composite reinforcing also improved the anti-degradation ability and procoagulant ratio of collagen sponge. All results suggested that the TEMPO-MFC toughened and genipin crosslinked CGSS composite collagen sponge is a promising rapid hemostatic material with high-strength and can be applicated in biomedical field.

Chitin deacetylases (CDAs) are chitin degradation enzymes that strictly regulate growth and development in insects. In this study, we identified and characterized a full-length cDNA of the CDA gene (SpCDA1) in the drugstore beetle, Stegobium paniceum. The open reading frame of SpCDA1 (1614 bp) encoded a 537 amino acid protein, which possessed typical domain structures of CDAs. Phylogenetic comparison to other insect CDAs revealed that SpCDA1 belongs to Group Ib CDAs. Quantitative real-time PCR analyses showed that SpCDA1 was highly expressed in late larval stages. Significant increase of SpCDA1 transcript level in the larvae was observed upon the exposure of 20-hydroxyecdysone. Injection of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) of SpCDA1 into the late larvae significantly reduced SpCDA1 transcript levels, resulted in larval-pupal molting difficulty and produced high larval mortality. After 15 days, the survival rate of S. paniceum in dsSpCDA1 group was significantly reduced by 72% compared to the control. The results demonstrated that SpCDA1 is essential for successful larval-pupal transition in S. paniceum and this gene may be a potential target for pest control.