The aim of the study was to identify phytophages belonging to Insecta and Gastropoda that form trophic relationships with invasive plant species in Central Russia. The adaptation of phytophages to 15 invasive species included in the TOP-100 was evaluated. We identified 42 species of phytophagous insects belonging to 20 families of five orders: Coleoptera (14 species), Lepidoptera (13), Diptera (5), Hemiptera (5), and Homoptera (5 species). Mollusks (Helicigona lapicida L. and Physa fontinalis L.) are adapted to five invasive plant species. Among insects, polyphagous ones (76

Results of a five-year study of phytophages and phytopathogens in the Moscow region on two invasive species of the genus Impatiens L. (Balsaminaceae): I. parviflora DC. and I. grandi ora Royl. are presented. The damaging complex consists of representatives of herbivorous polyphages, fungal pathogens, phytoviruses and indicates the adaptation of autochthonous phytotrophic organisms. 6 phytophages and 4 pathogens of fungal diseases at I. parvi ora, and 5 phytophages, 4 fungal phytopathogens and 3 phytoviruses at I. glandulifera were found. During the study period, there was no critical increase in the density of populations of harmful arthropod species and the development of epiphytoties.

The issue of biodiversity conservation is of great importance. Plant species under threat of extinction are being studied especially carefully, and the cases of degradation of phytocenoses are being investigated. Invasive flora needs to be assessed in nature conservation areas. One of the reasons for the loss of unique natural ecosystems is the invasion of alien organisms, which explains the relevance of the study. The main purpose of this publication is to study the spread of invasive plant species on the territory of the nature sanctuary “Forested Ravine near the Village of Vlasievo” in Moscow oblast. During the field routes in 2017–2022, various biotopes were examined on an area of about 98 ha. The invasive flora includes 15 species, among which Heracleum sosnowskyi is the most active. Assessment of the degree of naturalization of invasive species in protected areas showed that in most species this process is slower than on average in Moscow oblast, in the neighboring Ryazan oblast, and in general in Central Russia. Probably, this trend is due to a weak degree of anthropogenic disturbance of the territory and a low number of alien individuals. At the same time, the expansion of H. sosnowsky was noted in the protected areas, leading to a partial change in the vegetation cover and the composition of the native flora, including rare and protected species. Satellite monitoring made it possible to determine the approximate period of penetration of H. sosnowskyi and to estimate the rate of its spread across protected areas. The identified alien taxa, namely, Acer negundo, Amelanchier spicata, Impatiens parviflora, Echinocystis lobata, Bidens frondosa, Erigeron annuus, and E. canadensis, are among the 100 most dangerous invasive species on the territory of the Russian Federation, which are capable of increasing the invasive potential in the case of violations of the environmental regime of protected areas.

Changes in the content of various phenolic carboxylic acids (PCAs), chlorogenic (ChA), caffeic (CA), ferulic (FA), as well as the amounts of flavonoids and spare carbohydrates (monosaccharides, polysaccharides, and starch) in the tissues of Acer tataricum and Acer negundo seed embryos (indigenous and invasive species, respectively) during their storage were studied from October to March (cold chamber, T 5°C, humidity 80

Background. Apricot is one of the most popular fruit crops in the world. Central Russia belongs to the moderately cold climatic subzone of climatic zone II with the sum of effective temperatures of 1000-2200ºС. Therefore, the biological characteristics of apricot varieties for this zone must correspond to the environmental conditions of the region. Studying the process of fruit ripening of winter-hardy apricot varieties can be useful when carrying out breeding work. Purpose. To study the dynamics of the main physiological and biochemical parameters of leaves and fruits of apricot varieties of Moscow selection. Material and methods. The object of the study was the fruits and leaves of apricot varieties selected by GBS RAS (Moscow) during the formation and ripening of fruits. During the period of fruit formation (June-August), the content of mono- and polysaccharides, photosynthetic pigments - chlorophylls and carotenoids, flavonoids, as well as the HPLC method of some phenolcarboxylic acids was determined in the samples using the spectrophotometric method according to generally accepted methods. Morphometric indicators were also recorded: weight and diameter of the fruit, leaf area. Results. Varietal specificity has been established based on the studied biochemical and morphometric parameters of leaves and fruits. The largest fruits were in the Tsarsky variety, the minimum size in the selected Zachatievsky variety. A similar picture was observed for fruit diameter and leaf area. The level of chlorophylls and carotenoids in the leaves remained stable throughout the entire study period in the Tsarsky variety, the best in terms of fruit ripening and taste. In the leaves of the Tsarsky variety in June and July, the level of carotenoids was ~35% higher than in other samples. No significant varietal differences were found in the content and ratio of mono- and polysaccharides. A decrease in the level of phenols and an increase in the content of polysaccharides and carotenoids contributed to the formation of the sweet-sour taste and color of the fruit. The presence of phenols involved in the activation of protective mechanisms at all stages of fruit formation and development apparently makes it possible to overcome the negative effects of weather conditions. According to biochemical and organoleptic indicators, early ripening varieties Tsarsky and Lel are distinguished. Conclusion. The dynamics of the biochemical composition of leaves and fruits of winter-hardy apricot varieties of Moscow selection during the process of fruit formation was studied for the first time. Such data may help identify markers for selecting breeding material with adaptive capabilities to biotic and abiotic stresses in central Russia.

Актуальность: в связи с отсутствием достоверных сведений о времени создания двух усадебных парков у д. Власьево возникла необходимость уточнить возраст сохранившихся посадок путем их обмера. Цель работы заключалась в поиске сохранившихся парковых посадок на ООПТ «Залесенный овраг у деревни Власьево» (Московская область, городской округ Луховицы) и уточнении возраста деревьев-дол- гожителей. Методы исследования: полевые, сравнительного анализа. Результаты и обсуждение: в 2017-2022 гг. в ходе полевых обследований ООПТ обнаружены парковые насаждения, определена их видовая принадлежность. В составе лиственных деревьев-долгожителей найдены Tilia cordate, Populus xsibirica, P. x petrowskiana, P. x canadensis, P. alba. Среди хвойных пород отмечены Abies alba; Picea abies, P. glauca, P. obovata, P. pungens, P. pungens ’Glauca’, Larix decidua, L. sibirica; Pinus sibirica, P. nigra и P. sylvestris. Для каждого дерева определены координаты, составлена картосхема, отражающая их пространственное размещение. Приведены данные обмеров, которые позволили точнее определить возраст деревьев и примерное время закладки двух парков, находящихся в составе ООПТ. Relevance: due to the lack of reliable information about the time of the creation of two manor parks near the village. In Vlasievo, it became necessary to clarify the age of the preserved plantings by measuring them. The purpose of the work was to search for preserved park plantings in the protected area «Forested ravine near the village of Vlasievo» (Moscow region, Lukhovitsy city district) and clarify the age of long-lived trees. Research methods: field, comparative analysis. Results and discussion: in 2017-2022 during the field survey of protected areas, park plantations were discovered and their species was determined. Tilia cordata, Populus xsibirica, P. x petrowskiana, P. x sanadensis, P. alba were found. Abies alba, Picea abies, P. glauca, P. obovata, P. pungens, P. pungens 'Glauca', Larix decidua, L. sibirica, Pinus sibirica, P. nigra and P. sylvestris are noted among coniferous species. Coordinates have been determined for each tree, and a cartographic diagram has been compiled reflecting their spatial placement. The data of measurements are presented, which made it possible to more accurately determine the age of the trees and the approximate time of laying two parks that are part of the protected areas.

The aim of the study is to investigate the quality of peach fruits and determine the content of bioflavonoids, carotenoids, vitamin C, organic acids and the total sugar content. As a result of long-term selection of peach Prunus persica (L.) Batsch (Rosaceae) in Moscow, in the N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Pizhon and Vratar varieties were obtained, included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation in 2023, as well as several forms with good taste qualities. Fruits of the Vratar variety and 4 selected forms - Tolstyak, Perervinskij, Krasnyj Pizhon, Rozovyj of Moscow selection were harvested in 2022–2023 at the stage of technical ripeness. After clea¬ning the seeds, the fruits were placed in a refrigerator with a temperature of –18 °C. Biochemical analysis was carried out in the VILAR laboratory according to the generally accepted methods of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, XIV edition. In peach fruits, the dry matter varied within 10.7–14.9 %. The fruits are rich in flavonoids (3.1–6.5 mg%), carotenoids (up to 17.3 mg%) and vitamin C (16.6–27.6 mg% on a fresh weight basis) and can be a valuable component of the diet, activating the human immune system and helping to maintain health at a high level. The sugar-acid ratio in peach fruits varied within 8.7 to 15.2. Evaluation of the content of biologically valuable substances and their distribution in selected forms, taking into account a set of biomorphological features, is of great importance for further selection of winter-hardy and productive varieties.

The purpose of this study was to test the ability of the parsnip Pastinaca sativa, a furanocoumarin producing plant, to attract the same insect species as Sosnowsky’s hogweed Heracleum sosnowskyi, the most dangerous weed widespread in Russia. A total of 46 species of pollinating insects from the orders Hymenoptera (3 species), Hemiptera (2), Coleoptera (10), and Diptera (31 species) were recorded on P. sativa. Most of the species in the latter order belonged to the families Tachinidae (6 species), Anthomyiidae (6), Calliphoridae (4), and Syrphidae (4 species). About a half of the insect species pollinating P. sativa were also found on other umbellifers, including the native plants Anthriscus sylvestris, Aegopodium podagraria, Angelica sylvestris, the cultivated species Anethum graveolens, Petroselinum crispum, Carum carvi, Coriandrum sativum, Levisticum officinale, and the invasive weed H. sosnowskyi. The pollinators did not reveal any distinct preference for the corolla color (yellow or white), the plant height (from 30 cm to 2 m) or the umbel diameter (from 8 to 30 cm). All the recorded insects can be divided into the following groups: those found on P. sativa and on wild umbellifers (6 species); those found on P. sativa and cultivated umbellifers (4 species); those found on P. sativa and Heracleum sosnowskyi (4 species); those found on many species of Apiaceae (10 species); those recorded only on P. sativa (24 species).

Background. The study of the biochemical composition of the fruits of rare and non-traditional berry crops will create a favorable basis for modern breeding work. Purpose. The aim of the work was to biochemically analyze edible fruits of 3 species from the genus Lonicera L. (Caprifoliaceae) for the content of anthocyanins, ascorbic acid, and carotenoids. Material and methods. The object of the study were 13 varieties and 5 selected forms of blue honeysuckle L. caerulea L. (subs. Caeruleae Rehd.), cultivated in Moscow and Belgorod. Two endemic species with edible fruits have also been studied: from Kazakhstan - Ili honeysuckle L. iliensis Pojark. (subsec. Caeruleae) and from Japan slender honeysuckle L. gracilipes Miq. (subsection Purpurascentes Rehd.). The study was conducted in 2020-2023 in the laboratories of All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (Moscow) and the Sakhalin branch of the Botanical Garden-Institute of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk) according to generally accepted methods based on Pharmacopoeia articles of the State Pharmacopoeia (XIV edition). Results. It was found that the fruits of L. caerulea are valuable due to the high content of anthocyanins (870 to mg%) and other biologically active substances. Simultaneously with ascorbic acid (up to 32.3 mg% in Chernichka variety), various bioflavonoids are present in the juice of L.caerulea fruits: rutin, isoquercetin, quercetin, luteolin, diosmin and catechins. These biologically active components mutually enhance the effect of each other, that is, they are synergistic. With a high content of pectins, eating the fruits of edible honeysuckle supports immunity and promotes the elimination of radionuclides from the body. L. iliensis has been introduced in Russia for a long time. A mild and warm climate is favorable for the shrub, it is rarely cultivated. The fruits of L.iliensis are dark blue, rounded, weighing 0.2-0.3 g, sweet and sour taste, without bitterness. In Japan, the fruits of L. gracilipes var. glandulosa Maxim. they are eaten fresh and processed, they are red-purple in color and have a sweet and sour taste. Data on the biochemical composition of edible fruits of rare species in culture L. iliensis and L. gracilipes var. glandulosa, which can be used for breeding purposes. Conclusion. Data were obtained on the biochemical composition of edible fruits of L. caerulea, as well as species rare in cultivation L. iliensis and L. gracilipes var. glandulosa that can be used for breeding purposes.

Дана характеристика местообитания редкого в Московской области вида Gentiana cruciata L. (Gentianaceae) на правобережье р. Осетр в урочище Ковылинская гора около д. Аргуново (городской округ Зарайск). Впервые этот вид отмечен здесь в 1951 г. Р.И. Дьяковой. После открытия Аргуновского месторождения известняка А.К. Скворцов, обследуя степной участок у д. Аргуново в 1954 г., G. cruciata не встретил. В 2020 г. авторы начали флористические исследования урочища, включая старый карьер. В 2022 г. заложено и описано 5 пробных площадок в различных биотопах с G. cruciata по общепринятой методике. Сравнение наших результатов с данными 1950–1960-х гг. и сведениями о хозяйственном использовании урочища Ковылинская гора позволили выявить этапы формирования ценопопуляции G. cruciata с учетом воздействия антропогенного фактора. Установлено примерное время существования описанной нами ценопопуляции (от 25 до 40 лет), оценены перспективы ее дальнейшего развития на антропогенно нарушенном местообитании (в старом карьере) и на сохранившемся степном участке. The characteristic of the habitat of Gentiana cruciata L. (Gentianaceae), rare in the Moscow region, on the right bank of the Osyotr River in the tract of Kovylinskaya Gora near the village of Argunovo (Zaraisk urban district) is given. This species was first noted here in 1951 by R.I. Dyakova. After the discovery of the Argunovsky limestone deposit, A.K. Skvortsov, surveying the steppe area near the village of Argunovo in 1954, did not meet G. cruciata. In 2020, the authors began floristic studies of the tract, including the old quarry. In 2022, 5 test sites were established and described in various biotopes with G. cruciata according to the generally accepted methodology. Comparison of our results with data from the 1950s–1960s and information on the economic use of the Kovylinskaya Gora tract made it possible to identify the stages in the formation of the G. cruciata cenopopulation, taking into account the impact of the anthropogenic factor. The approximate time of existence of the cenopopulation described by us was established (from 25 to 40 years), the prospects for its further development in the anthropogenically disturbed habitat (in the old quarry) and in the preserved steppe area were assessed.

In the middle of the 20th century, specialists of the Tsitsin Main Moscow Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences collected a valuable apricot gene pool characterized by high diversity and winter hardiness. From this gene pool, L.A. Kramarenko carried out selection work to develop winter-hardy apricot varieties, such as Aisberg, Vodoley, Guiani, Lel’, Tsarsky and others, which were included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation. The use of these varieties in further selective breeding requires information on their carotenoid content. In this work, we determine carotenoids in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L., Rosaceae) fruits of Moscow breeding varieties Aisberg, Vodoley, Guiani, Lel’, Tsarsky and Zachat’ievsky. We employed different extraction methods of plant raw materials, contributing to the optimal extraction of carotenoids from apricot fruits. Extraction was performed with hexane, 96% ethanol at room temperature, and EtOH heated to 60°C (water bath) for 40 min. The highest carotenoid content was observed in Lel’ (31.73 mg%) and Vodoley (31.77 mg%) varieties, while the lowest content was observed in the Zachat’ievsky sample (11.93 mg%). The application of multiple solvents increases the reliability of determining carotenoids in plants for computational and experimental studies. The discovered range of their content can be used for description of promising forms during breeding works. In this way, new and beneficial for health varieties may emerge.

The article presents experimental data on the species composition of fungal and viral pathogens in the secondary range of Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl. Tobacco mosaic virus, bean yellow mosaic virus, bean common mosaic virus, and pea enation mosaic virus were diagnosed for the first time on L. polyphyllus. Issues related to the peculiarities of the adaptability of viruses to invasive plant species are discussed. The preventive role of virus vectors (Aphididae) in the expansion of viruses and the expansion of the spectrum of host plants (susceptible species) is emphasized. Interaction with vectors, including the nonspecific species, is one of the mechanisms for the adaptability of viruses, their expansion into new regions, and the formation of new pathosystems with invasive plant species. It was concluded that it is possible to predict the search for the most effective variants of harmful organisms on the basis of the analysis of the trophic relationships of vectors for the biocontrol of L. polyphyllus.

В статье сообщается о находках редких и охраняемых видов растений в городских округах Зарайск и Луховицы Московской области. В 2020-2023 годах проведено обследование природных сообществ на ООПТ «Залесенный овраг у д. Власьево» (Луховицкий район), Аргуновский известняковый карьер и ООПТ «Остепненные склоны и балочные леса по правому берегу долины р. Осетрик» (Зарайский район) Московской области. На обследованной территории отмечено 15 редких и охраняемых видов, включенных в «Красную книгу Московской области» (2018): Anemone sylvestris L., Aster amellus L., Corydalis marschalliana (Pall. ex Willd.) Pers., Gentiana cruciata L., Helianthemum nummularium (L.) Mill., Nepeta pannonica L., Pedicularis kaufmannii Pinzg., Potentilla alba L., Pulmonaria angustifolia L., Rosa villosa L., Serratula coronata L., Scorzonera humilis L., Scrophularia umbrosa Dumort., Stipa pennata L., Tanacetum corymbosum (L.) Sch. Bip. Кроме того, выявлены местообитания 20 редких и уязвимых видов, нуждающихся в постоянном мониторинге: Campanula bononiensis L., C. latifolia L., C. persicifolia L., C. trachelium L., Carlina biebersteinii Bernh. ex Hornem., Circaea lutetiana L., Convallaria majalis L., Corydalis intermedia (L.) Merat., Cucubalus baccifer L., Epipactis hellleborine (L.) Crantz, Fragaria moschata (Duchesne) Weston, Glyceria nemoralis (Uechtr.) Uechtr. et Koern., Inula hirta L., Juniperus communis L., Koeleria cristata (L.) Pers., Neottia nidus-avis (L.) Rich., Pyrus communis L., Salvia pratensis L., Serratula tinctoria L., Viola odorata L.

In 2017–2022, field studies of the natural complexes of the natural monument “Forested ravine near the village of Vlasyevo” (Moscow region) were carried out. Most of the area is currently occupied by broad-leaved forest. On the left bank of the river Gremyachevka at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries S.D. Rzhevsky, the landowner, created an arboretum with a collection of conifers, which was considered one of the richest in Russia. It was established that the age-old park plantings, including conifers, identified on the right bank of the river Gremyachevka, belong to another estate “Vysokoye”, about which nothing was previously known. In total, 34 species of cultural origin were found, of which 21 taxa (61%) are found in centuriesold park plantings, and 13 species appeared later. Introduced conifers are represented by 10 taxa (Abies sibirica, Larix decidua, L. sibirica, Pinus nigra, P. sibirica, Picea abies, P. glauca, P. obovata, P. pungens and P. pungens ‘Glauca’), most of which comes from the collection of S.D. Rzhevsky. Only P. abies, planted in Soviet times, was able to naturalize and form a small undergrowth. Of the invasive species with the status of Amelanchier spicata, Populus alba and Sorbaria sorbifolia were found as part of old park plantings. It is likely that the appearance of Symphytum caucasicum and Caragana arborescens near the village occurred at the end of the XX century. It was noted that all introduced species, regardless of the date of planting and the presence of the status of an invasive species, were found at the places of their planting. Since only foundations remained from the noble estates themselves, park plantings on the territory of the natural monument need protection and further monitoring as preserved natural and historical objects.

The article presents experimental data on the species composition of fungal and viral pathogens in the conditions of the secondary range of Lupinus polyphyllus . Tobacco mosaic virus, Bean yellow mosaic virus, Bean common mosaic virus and Pea enation mosaic virus were diagnosed on Lupinus polyphyllus for the first time. The issues related to the peculiarities of the adaptability of viruses to invasive plant species are discussed. The preventive role of vectors ( Aphididae ) in the expansion of pathogens and the widening of the spectrum of host plants (susceptible species) is emphasized. Interaction with vectors, including their non-specific species, is one of the mechanisms of virus adaptability, their expansion into new regions and the formation of new pathosystems with invasive plant species. It is concluded that based on the analysis of trophic connections of vectors, it is possible to prognosticate the search for the most effective variants of harmful organisms for the biocontrol of L. polyphyllus .

В рамках сотрудничества по Международной программе «Агробиоразнообразие для улучшения питания, здоровья и качества жизни» между Главным ботаническим садом им. Н.В. Цицина РАН (г. Москва, Россия) и Словацким Аграрным Университетом (г. Нитра, Словакия) проводились исследования, направленные на сохранение и использование фиторазнообразия в целях получения здоровой, органической пищи и создания комфортной окружающей среды. По Соглашению, действующему в период 2013-2020 гг., была договоренность о совместных публикациях научных работ. Все статьи и монографии издавались в соответствии с правилами Европейского Союза и Европейских Ассоциаций. Латинские названия исследуемых видов растений в изданиях приводились в соответствии с Интернет-ресурсом: http://www.theplantlist.org/. По взаимному интересу были подготовлены и изданы книги по нескольким темам. Within the framework of cooperation under the International Program "Agrobiodiversity to improve nutrition, health and quality of life" between the Main Botanical Garden named after. N.V. Tsitsina RAS (Moscow, Russia) and the Slovak Agrarian University (Nitra, Slovakia) conducted research aimed at the conservation and use of phytodiversity in order to obtain healthy, organic food and create a comfortable environment. Under the Agreement, which is valid for the period 2013-2020, there was an agreement on joint publications of scientific papers. All articles and monographs were published in accordance with the rules of the European Union and European Associations. The Latin names of the studied plant species in publications were given in accordance with the Internet resource: http://www.theplantlist.org/. By mutual interest, books were prepared and published on several topics.

The facts of the appearance and distribution of invasive species Impatiens glandulifera Royle and I. parviflora DC were studied. (Balsaminaceae) in the Moscow region (Central Russia). Field route methods, analysis of herbarium collections (MHA, MW) for the period 1880-2021 and numerous observations of invasive Impatiens L. species available in Open Access (online) were used. Maps were compiled showing the formation of modern invasive populations of Impatiens in the study region. The historical features of the dynamics of the development of the invasive process in each species are noted. It was revealed that the first finds of I. parviflora in the Moscow region were made several decades earlier than I. glandulifera . In the invasive process, I. parviflora has a lag-phase period lasting more than 70 years; in I. glandulifera , this period is about 50 years. The exponential phase falls on 1960-1970, when the rate of appearance of invasive populations increases significantly and active naturalization of both species begins. It should be noted that I. parviflora prevails over I. glandulifera in terms of the rate of development of biocenoses in the region, which is characterized by a narrower ecological optimum. Currently, I. parviflora covers the entire territory of the Moscow region, with the exception of one remote area. Invasive populations of this species are concentrated in coniferous-broad-leaved and small-leaved forests, on wastelands and glades, including areas with dry soil. The invasive range of I. glandulifera in 2021 is almost as extensive, but unlike the previous species, it is characterized by ecological specificity, since the species prefers humid habitats, grows along the banks of reservoirs, rivers and streams, and along damp ditches.

Актуальность: в связи с дополнением списка видов растений городского округа Зарайск Московской области возникает необходимость уточнить значение чужеродного компонента флоры. Цель работы заключается в анализе степени натурализации чужеродных видов растений, включая инвазионные, которые были выявлены на этой территории. Методы исследования: полевые, сравнительного анализа. Результаты и обсуждение: в 2017-2021 годах в городском округе Зарайск проведены полевые наблюдения и гербарные сборы. Обследованы природные и природно-антропогенные сообщества: дубравы, вязовники, сосняки, ельники, березняки, луга, русло реки Осётр, пруды, агроценозы (пашни и сенокосы), обочины автомобильных дорог и территории сельских поселений. Проанализированы литературные источники, а также сборы из московских Гербариев (MHA) и (MW). Установлено, что чужеродный флористический компонент насчитывает 39 видов высших сосудистых растений, что соответствует 7,6% от 514 известных видов в регионе. Инвазионная флора включает 20 видов, из них 11 видов активно осваивают природные сообщества. Выявлено 19 адвентивных видов, среди которых 11 видов, способных возобновляться в местах заноса, отнесенные к колонофитам. In connection with the addition of the list of plant species of Zaraysk urban district, Moscow Region, it becomes necessary to clarify the significance of the alien component of the flora. The purpose of the work is to analyze the degree of naturalization of alien plant species, including invasive ones, that have been identified in this area. For this, field observations and herbarium collections were carried out in Zaraysk urban district in 2017-2021. Natural and natural-anthropogenic communities were surveyed: oak forests, elm forests, pine forests, spruce forests, birch forests, meadows, the Osetr riverbed, ponds, agrocenoses (arable land and hayfields), roadsides and territories of rural settlements. Literature sources, as well as collections from the Moscow Herbariums (MHA) and (MW) are analyzed. It has been established that the alien floristic component includes 39 species of higher vascular plants, which corresponds to 7.6% of 514 known species in the region. The invasive flora includes 20 species, of which 11 species actively colonize natural communities. 19 adventitious species were identified, among which 11 species capable of regenerating in places of introduction, referred to as colonophytes.

It is known that a polymorphic population consisting of a large number of genotypes adapts more rapidly to the environment conditions. The availability of a large gene pool predetermines the success of the introduction and further breeding of new cultivars with economically valuable features. Morphometrics is a classical tool for studying the amplitude of the variability of cultivated plants and evaluating the genotypic diversity of the artificial population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological parameters of Lonicera caerulea L. fruits for 26 genotypes from the population introduced in the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden (Kyiv). Morphological characteristics (weight, width, and length) were analyzed in L. caerulea fruits using multivariate analysis. Evaluated morphometric parameters were the following: fruit weight from 0.73 to 1.60 g, fruit length from 16.42 to 27.29 mm, fruit diameter from 7.77 to 12.34 mm. The shape indexes of fruits varied from 1.51 to 3.52. The fruit weight (14.09%-34.50%) and fruit diameter (6.68%-22.76%) are the most valuable characteristics important for further selection. According to their three properties, the 26 genotypes of L. caerulea grouped into two groups and five subgroups. Using the PC analysis (PC1 = 71.60%, PC2 = 25.16%, and PC3 = 3.23%), L. caerulea genotypes were separated into groups with similar morphological parameters.

The aim of the study is to search for the influence of biotic factors in the agrocenosis with edible honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.) on the state of forest woody plants in natural phytocenosis. A nursery of the N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow) and natural biocenoses, including coniferous and deciduous trees, was a place of research in the regions of Central Russia in the period of 2005-2020. More than 50 phytophages and phytopathogens on edible honeysuckle plants in the monitoring process were noted. Complex biotic relationships with numerous trophic connections are formed between the agrocenosis and the natural ecological system was revealed. The polyphages Lepidosaphes ulmi L., Parthenolecanium corni Bouche, Chionaspis salicis L., Phenacoccus aceris Bouche, and Tetranychus urticae Koch are especially active in this system, creating environmental problems of various levels. It is noted that nonspecific phytopathogens are dangerous for artificial and natural cenoses, especially Neonectria ditissima (Tul. & C. Tul.) Samuels & Rossman, Nectria cinnabarina (Tode) Fr., Phellinus conchatus (Pers.) Quél., and Fumago vagans Pers. that formed food chains with weakened plants. The rules of plant care and protection are necessary to follow to preserve natural populations and obtain a good harvest in berry nurseries.