In article materials on the content of biologically active substances in fruits of rare garden cultures are presented. The characteristics of the varieties of the rare cultures created in the recent years (mahonia, golden currant, barberry) are given, which determines the use in scientific institutions these types of rare multivitamin cultures in plant breeding and for cultivation in farmer and private gardens of the European part of Russia.

In the article results of investigation of influence of sodium chloride solutions and two commercial preparations recommended for presawing processing of seeds are presented: preparation НВ-101 (the nutritious structure developed from the Japanese cedar, a cypress and a plantain) and a preparation “Zircon” (a mixture of hydroxycinnamic acids) and processing conditions on efficiency of oats seeds sprouting. It is established, that the most effective reactant for processing of seeds is the sodium chloride solution, and at a method in which the preparation is used only at the first soaking with the subsequent daily soakings in water. In work the results received for two concentration of sodium chloride and for recommended by manufacturer concentration of combined preparations are compared: on change of weight of sprouts in damp and in a dry condition, on concentration of water soluble carbohydrates and on antioxidant activity for which the Folin-Chokalteu method has been used. Water extracts of initial seeds of oats practically do not contain water-soluble polyphenolics (and ascorbic acid) which are found out in process of seed germination. It is established, that the investigated sprouts contain a maximum quantity of water-soluble antioxidants and sugars for 4th and 5th days of germination.

Currently topical problem of study of new types of plants that have a valuable set of useful properties and adapted to climatic conditions in the Belgorod region. Local climate changes, which are expressed in some years in the sudden cold snaps in winter and extremely high temperature in summer, makes it necessary to expand the assortment of cultural plants resistant to adverse environmental conditions. High frost resistance, frost-resistance, low requirements to soil and climate conditions, annual abundant yield, great gustatory, therapeutic advantages of fruits, resistance to diseases and insects all this makes иргу one of the most valuable crops, especially, for Russian regions with severe climate, where there is a constant shortage of vitamins. As a result of studying of a gene pool of a the perfect form A 1.1 Amelanchier alnifolia end a mespilus the perfect form A 1.2 Amelanchier florida with a complex of economic and valuable signs is allocated.

This article summarizes information about nutrient and bioactive value of germinated seeds that are of limited use in food up to the present time though according to their chemical composition they can replace expensive products, but according to the degree of assimilation this food is very light. Relevance of conducted research refers to that in recent years the demand for vegetative products with reduced fat and sugar, but with high content of dietary fibers, vitamins, minerals and other bioactive substance has been increasing due to environmental degradation, reduced immunity, development of many diseases and shortened life expectancy. For many centuries mankind seeks proper nutrition for the body to work without ailments and diseases. Proper nutrition is the foundation of a healthy life-style.