患者女,68岁.全身散在褐色角化性丘疹伴瘙痒2年余.皮损组织病理检查示角化过度,表皮增生,柱状角化不全,部分角化不全柱下可见部分角化不良细胞,真皮浅层片状淋巴细胞浸润.全基因组外显子测序提示患者MVK基因突变.诊断:播散性浅表性光线性汗孔角化症,治疗:口服异维A酸软胶囊、抗组胺药和外用维A酸药物3个月余,皮疹逐渐消退,瘙痒缓解,目前患者仍在随访中.
淋病是目前全球最常见、对生活质量及生殖能力危害最大的性传播疾病之一.近年来,淋球菌对抗生素的耐药性日趋严峻,严重影响对淋病的有效治疗及传播的控制.应对日益严重的淋球菌耐药问题,除了研究病原菌的遗传特征及基因变异之外,如何加强药物的科学应用,提高治疗效能,尽量减少耐药菌株的产生及控制其传播一直是研究的热点.尤其在治疗淋病药物使用的策略方面,如何既能提高治疗效能加强疗效,又可抑制耐药菌株的产生与传播进行了有益的研究,通过监测菌株对常用抗生素的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)制定有效的治疗方案,适度增大用药剂量、多种药物联合治疗等综合措施有效预防及控制淋球菌耐药菌株的形成与传播.
维甲酸类药物在皮肤病治疗史上被称作“第三个里程碑”,其发展经过漫长的历史.维甲酸类药物分为3代,其主要的作用机制是与维甲酸受体结合从而发挥作用.目前口服维甲酸类药物已经广泛应用于多种皮肤病,如银屑病、痤疮、皮肤T淋巴瘤、光老化性皮肤病、角化性皮肤病等.系统性应用维甲酸药物存在较多不良反应,最严重为致畸性及胚胎毒性,最常见为皮肤、黏膜干燥.
梅毒血清固定产生机制及相关因素均尚不明确,且临床上具有较高的发生率.目前认为可能与年龄、RPR滴度、无症状神经梅毒、吉-海反应、梅毒螺旋体亚型、细胞免疫紊乱相关.梅毒血清固定是梅毒复发及多系统受累的危险因素.本文就梅毒血清固定的产生和临床转归方面进行综述.
儿童银屑病是一种常见的炎症性皮肤病, 而儿童脓疱型银屑病 (Childhood pustular psoriasis, CPP) 较为少见, 是一种发生于儿童的全身性炎症性伴皮肤功能障碍的银屑病类型.CPP顽固且易复发, 对患儿及其父母生活质量及发展都影响颇大.对于CPP, 皮肤的局部治疗是必不可少的基础, 维甲酸类、甲氨蝶呤、环孢素、生物制剂等为系统治疗中的常用药物, 脓疱型银屑病儿童通常对光疗有较好的反应.此文介绍了目前针对于儿童脓疱型银屑病的治疗共识与经验, 为现在的治疗进展进行了概括.
目的 分析26例白色萎缩患者的临床、组织病理表现,以提高早期诊治水平.方法 通过临床资料回顾性分析,将广州医科大学皮肤病研究所诊治的26例白色萎缩患者的临床表现、实验室及组织病理检查、治疗情况进行总结.结果 患病具有青年女性倾向,皮损好发于双小腿及远端部位,主要表现为红斑、紫癜、瘀斑、痛性溃疡,遗留白色萎缩和色素沉着,易反复发作.皮肤组织病理检查发现大多数皮损真皮内血管壁纤维蛋白样坏死、透明血栓形成.小剂量阿司匹林、双嘧达莫及糖皮质激素治疗效果较好.结论 根据典型病史、临床表现及组织病理学检查即可诊断白色萎缩,临床上应提高对白色萎缩的早期诊断、早期治疗.
Objective: To investigate the effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on Cx43 protein expression and GJIC function in IL-22-treated HaCaT cells, and whether it is related to the JNK pathway to further elaborate molecular mechanism of ATRA on GJIC function. Methods: The optimal pretreated time affected by ATRA on HaCaT cells was screened in IL-22 treatment group.Scrape-loading dye-transfer assay was applied to observe the variation of GJIC function.The expression value of Cx43, p-JNK, JNK in ATRA and/or IL-22 treatment group were detected by immunofluorescence. Results: ATRA caused time-dependent increasing of GJIC function in HaCaT cells. After treatment of ATRA on IL-22 induced HaCaT cells, Cx43 protein expression level increased, GJIC function up-regulated, and p-JNK expression had not significant change. Conclusions: ATRA inhibited the decrease of Cx43 expression by IL-22-mediated and down-regulation of GJIC, and this process was not related to the JNK pathway.
高迁移率族蛋白1(HMGB1)是在哺乳动物细胞核中普遍存在的非组蛋白性核蛋白.生理情况下HMGB1维持核小体的稳定和调节基因转录.在细胞应激、损伤、坏死时,HMGB1由免疫细胞主动释放或经损伤、坏死细胞被动分泌到细胞外,作为促炎症因子,与特定的受体结合进一步促进炎症因子的分泌、释放.多项研究证明HMGB1在脓毒血症、缺血再灌注、炎症、创伤、肿瘤等发病过程均有参与.近年来,研究发现HMGB1参与自身免疫性疾病发病过程,促进Treg向Th17细胞分化.而Th17细胞分化是银屑病发病机制中的关键环节.本文就HMGB1在银屑病发病机制中的作用研究作简要综述.
生物靶向制剂是指针对各种免疫介导性疾病的炎症级联反应中特定作用靶点的蛋白质分子,其分类主要包括单克隆抗体、抗体融合蛋白、重组人细胞因子和生长因子以及静脉注射免疫球蛋白.生物靶向制剂由于其靶向性、高效性,目前在治疗如银屑病、寻常型天疱疮、慢性自发性荨麻疹、化脓性汗腺炎等多种皮肤病取得良好疗效,为广大难治性皮肤病患者带来福音.本文对目前国内外皮肤科使用较多的生物靶向制剂的应用进展进行综述,希望对难治性皮肤病的治疗提供更高效的手段.
特应性皮炎(AD)是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病,不仅给患者带来难以忍受的瘙痒感,而且皮损往往伴有渗出倾向,严重影响患者的生活质量.多篇关于AD的流行病学报道显示,AD的发病率出现逐年上升的趋势,尤其是在婴幼儿和儿童,给家庭、社会带来重大的负担.因此AD的防治已经成了我们不可忽视的问题.然而,目前AD的发病因素尚不明确,大量研究表明遗传、免疫失衡可能导致AD的发病.近年来,各个国家和地区AD发病率的不同突出了环境因素在AD发病中的重要作用,包括气候、微生物、空气污染和吸烟、水质、饮食、维生素D的含量、接触动物、压力等均是引起AD发病的危险因素,本文就AD发病的环境因素进行综述.
目的:评价细胞自体体外再生(ReCell(?))技术治疗稳定期白癜风的临床疗效.方法:利用ReCell(?)技术治疗稳定期白癜风患者,观察患者的复色程度.结果:共15例患者接收治疗,男8例,女7例;年龄8~46岁,平均23.3岁.随访9个月,有13例患者皮损色素恢复为显效,有效率为86.67%.所有患者手术区域术后随访未出现感染与疤痕形成.结论:ReCell(?)技术对稳定期白癜风患者有较好的疗效.
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of acitretin combined with methotrexate in treatment of refractory moderate to severe psoriasis vulgaris. Methods Twelve patients with moderate to severe psoriasis who were resistant to acitretin or methotrexate monotherapy were treated with acitretin combined with methotrexate for 24 weeks. The therapeutic effect was observed and adverse reactions of the multitherapy were monitored during the 24 weeks of treatment. Results The PASI score decreased in all patients during 24-week treatment (P<0.05). Specifically,50% achieved PASI 75 and 83.3% achieved PASI 50 after 16 weeks of treatment. All patients showed remarkable curative response (100% patients with PASI 50,vs. 91.67% with PASI 75),at 24 weeks of treatment,and no adverse reactions were reported. Conclusion Acitretin combined with methotrexate is effective in the treatment of refractory moderate to severe psoriasis vulgaris and the adverse reactions of the multitherapy are not noted.
目的:对阿维A治疗儿童脓疱型银屑病的疗效及安全性进行观察、评估.方法:对10例儿童泛发性脓疱型银屑病进行回顾性研究,起始剂量使用0.6~1.0 mg/(kg·d)阿维A持续治疗4~6周,过渡期减量为0.2 ~0.4 mg/(kg·d)治疗4~6周,维持剂量为0.2~0.3 mg/(kg·d),持续6~12周,随访7~ 32个月,观察患者疗效及不良反应.结果:9例儿童脓疱型银屑病PASI评分下降率均≥90%,1例为60%~<90%.最常见的不良反应有皮肤干燥(60%,6/10)、瘙痒(40%,4/10)、唇炎(10%,1/10),其他副作用如骨骼发育迟缓、肝功能异常等均未发现.结论:低剂量使用阿维A治疗儿童脓疱型银屑病安全且疗效佳.
A 43-year-old male had asymptomatic perianal papules and plaques for over 19 years.He had been misdiagnosed as "deep mycosis","mycosis fungoides" and "malacoplakia".The histopathologic features included epidermal hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis,pseudo-epitheliomatous hyperplasia.Dermal granulomas were composed of lymphocytes,plasmocytes,neutrophils,histocytes,and few muhinucleated giant cells.Tumor tissue was negative for both PAS and Acid-fast staining.But patient was positive for PPD test (3 +) and PPD-IgG (+).Diagnosis:tuberculosis verrucosa cutis.The lesions improved after 6 months of treatment.
介绍邱志楠教授运用“岭南平治肺病”学术思想诊治长期发热的经验.邱志楠教授提出“肺(肾)虚夹邪”是多种慢性肺系疾病的共同病机特点,并根据《素问·至真要大论》所载“谨察阴阳所在而调之,以平为期”的理论,提出“平治肺病”的学术观点,强调肺失宣肃、痰热郁结、肾气亏虚在长期发热中的重要性.临证多采用理肺温肾、清气化痰法治疗.