Abstract Pharmacological relevance Paeonia veitchii Lynch is a traditional Chinese medicine in our country. It has the function of clearing heat and cooling blood, dispersing blood stasis and relieving pain. Its main active ingredient, Punica granatum Linn, is a herbaceous polyphenol with many biological properties, such as anti-oxidation, anti-diabetes, anti-cancer and inducing apoptosis. Previous studies have demonstrated a significant therapeutic effect of Punica granatum Linn on psoriasis, although the underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. Aim of the study We screened the active components of Paeonia veitchii Lynch by network pharmacology. Weveriied them in vitro to identify the potential molecular mechanism of Paeonia veitchii Lynch in treating psoriasis. Materials and methods Retrieve target genes associated with psoriasis from the GEO database. Using the clinical bioconfidence analysis platform Sangerbox for Gene Ontology (GO) and Encyclopedia of Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment. Next, the protein-protein interaction network (PPI) and the Paeonia veitchii Lynch-compound-target network were done with Cytoscape 3.9.1. To find the most essential active ingredient in the treatment of psoriasis, the main active ingredient and its core target were analyzed by molecular docking. Network pharmacological results were verified by in vitro experiments. A mouse model of psoriasis was induced with imiquimod and constructed by observing changes in skin lesions on the back of mice on a daily basis, performing PASI scores and histopathology observation. The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in serum were measured by Elisa, and the expression of TLR4/NF-ΚB pathway was evaluated by Western Blot. Results 348 differentially expressed genes with high correlation to psoriasis were screened, and 23 active components, corresponding to 150 target genes, were obtained by searching “Paeonia veitchii Lynch” from the database. Catechin, Baicalein, β-sitosterol, Punica granatum Linn, Lactobacillus, paeoniflorin, paeonol, sitosterol and stigmasterol are the main active components in Paeonia veitchii Lynch, in psoriasis has more critical significance. In addition, CCNB1, CXCL8, PCNA and S100A9 may be important targets in treating psoriasis. The molecular docking showed that Punica granatum Linn was main active component of Paeonia veitchii Lynch in treating psoriasis. KEGG results indicated that TLR4/NF-κb pathway might be the potential mechanism of TLR4/NF-κb. Western Blot results showed that Punica granatum Linn down-regulated the protein levels of TLR4 and P65. Conclusions Our results suggest that Punica granatum Linn may be an essential basis for the treatment of psoriasis by Paeonia veitchii Lynch, and TLR4/NF-κb pathway may be the common pathway of Paeonia veitchii Lynch and Punica granatum Linn.

Objective This study was based on the network pharmacology to explore the mechanisms whereby Tribulus terrestris affects vitiligo.Methods The screening criteria for oral bioavailability(OB)and drug-likeness(DL)were set as OB≥30％and DL≥O.18,respectively.The databases of Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology and analysis platforms of OMIM,Swiss Target Prediction and GeneCards were used to screen out target genes of main active ingredients of Tribulus terrestris and construct an"active ingredients-target"network using Cyto-scape 3.9.1 software.Then the target genes of the main active ingredients of Tribulus terrestris and the target genes of vitiligo were intersected to construct a"disease-pathway-target-component-drug"network.In addition,the intersection targets were respectively imported into the STRING platform to construct Protein-Protein Interaction(PPI)Networks,and into the DAVID database for GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses.The structure of small molecules of key drug compo-nents and vitiligo-related protein structure were searched on PubChem and PBD.After setting up receptors and ligands,the molecular docking of these two was performed.Results Through screening,we identified 12 active ingredients,including kaempferol,terrestramide,isorhamnetin,sitosterol,which possibly affect 71 targets.PPI network analysis showed ten major targets,inclu-ding AKT1,TNF,ESR1,PPARG,HPGDS,CASP3,and PTGS2.These targets were involved in many biological processes,such as apoptosis,peptide serine phosphorylation,and cell response to reactive oxygen species,through various signaling pathways,including apoptosis,tumor necrosis factor and reactive oxygen species signaling.Molecular docking results showed that the main active components such as kaverol and isorhamnetin were stably bound to the core targets,such as AKT1,TNF and ESR1,the core components regulating key targets.Conclusion Tribulus terres-tris may improve vitiligo through regulating inflammation,apoptosis,immune function and oxida-tive stress.

Ligusticum chuanxiong (CX) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treating alopecia areata (AA). This study explored the molecular mechanism of CX active components for treating AA. In our study, we identified 13 potential targets of CX for treating AA. These targets include IL6, IL1B, IL10, IFNG, CCL2, TNF, INS, IL4, CRP, TGFB1, ALB, TP53, and BDNF.GO analysis identified 2014 meaningful items. Enriched pathways included JAK-STAT and others related to AA pathogenesis. The molecular docking results indicate that BDNF binds strongly with Thymol, the binding activity being -7.2 kcal/mol. Molecular dynamics simulations showed a good binding capacity between Thymol and BDNF. The CCK8 results indicated that thymol positively affects hDPCs by reducing the inhibitory effect of interferon-γ. According to RT-PCR results, it was found that thymol can inhibit inflammatory cytokines in hair follicle (HF) cells. The Western blot assay results showed that Thymol decreased key protein expression in the JAK-STAT signalling pathway, which is linked to AA. Through network pharmacology, molecular verification and cell experiments, we preliminarily confirmed the potential mechanism of thymol in treating the AA cell model.

Objective To explore changing trend of disease burden of neonatal diseases in China from 1990 to 2019 and to provide evidence for prevention and treatment of neonatal diseases.Methods The data on neonatal diseases in China for years of 1990 and 2019 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019（GBD 2019）.The number of patients,standardized prevalence,mortality,standardized mortality,years of life lost（YLLs）,standardized YLLs,years lived with disability（YLDs）,standardized YLDs,disability adjusted life years（DALYs）,standardized DALYs,and estimated annual percent change（EAPC） were adopted to evaluate variations in disease burden of neonatal diseases between 1990 and 2019.Results Compared with those in 1990,both the number of patients and standardized prevalence rate of neonatal diseases in China increased,with the EAPC of 2.83%（95% uncertainty interval [UI]:2.59%,3.07%） and 2.52%（95%UI:2.33%,2.72%）;while the mortality and standardized mortality rates were both on the decline,with the EAPC of-6.40%（95%UI:-6.64%,-6.16%） and-5.10%（95%UI:-5.59%,-4.62%）,respectively.The neonatal diseases-related YLDs and standardized YLDs rate increased,with the EAPC of 4.05%（95%UI:3.88%,4.21%） and 3.86%（95%UI:3.68%,4.04%）;but the YLLs,standardized YLLs rate,the DALYs,and standardized DALYs rate decreased,with the EAPC of-6.40%（95%UI:-6.16%,-6.64 %）,-5.11%（95%UI:-4.62%,-5.59%）,-4.75%（95%UI:-4.48%,-5.02%）,and-4.09%（95%UI:-3.74%,-4.45%）.Among the neonatal diseases,preterm birth was the leading category as ranked by standardized rate of prevalence,mortality,YLLs,and DALYs;nonspecific neonatal infections was the leading category as ranked by standardized YLDs.Conclusion The prevalence and YLDs rate of neonatal diseases in China increased in 2019 compared with those in 1990.Early diagnosis and treatment of neonatal diseases should be improved to reduce the burden caused by the diseases.

Objective:To investigate the potential pathogenic biomarkers associated with psoriasis and cellular heterogeneity at the level of single cells.Methods:Single cell sequencing data from psoriatic skin biopsies were subjected to quality control, dimensional-reduction clustering and cell annotation. Cell clusters were analyzed for differentially expressed genes (DEGs), cell communication and pseudotime analysis. And TFs-miRNA-hub genes regulatory networks were constructed.Results:6 hub genes were identified by multialgorithm, SPRR2A, SPRR2D, IL7R, IL1RN, IER3, and LCN2. NF-κB, TNF and MAPK signaling pathway were shown to be significantly enriched. The expression of SPRRs was significantly upregulated in endothelial cells, fibroblasts and immune cells such as Langerhans cells, CD8 + T cells, M1 macrophages, resting T cells, while IL7R was predominantly expressed in immune cells. A dramatic increase of the proportion of fibroblasts, dendritic cells, Treg cells and CD8 + T cells in psoriatic skin lesions (LS) ( P=0.023, P=0.007, P=0.046, P=0.028). The activeness of interactions number, interaction strength and level of pathway enrichment of cell communication were higher in LS than in the healthy control group. Fibroblasts, dendritic cells and resting T cells only interact with other cells in LS. Pseudotime analysis showed that immune cells were mainly distributed in early trajectory, and monocytes involved in the whole trajectory and increased in later trajectory. The expression of hub genes (except IL7R) were all increased along with pseudotime. Transcription factors, NFKB1, was involved in the regulation of hub genes ( SPRR2A, IL1RN, IL7R and IER3) transcription. Conclusion:Overexpression of SPRRs and IL7R, and interactive effects of immune cells may be involved in the pathogenic processes of psoriasis via the NF-κB and MAPK pathways, which lays the theoretical basis for further in-depth study of the pathogenic mechanism of psoriasis.

ObjectiveTo estimate long-term trends in kidney cancer morbidity,mortality,and disability-adjusted life years rates（DALY rates）in five Asian countries and regions from 1990 to 2019 and the current disease burden of kidney cancer in China in 2019,and to project future trends through 2029.MethodsData were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019（GBD 2019）,from which burden of disease indicators was obtained for China′s mainland,Taiwan of China,South Korea,Japan,and Singapore,analyzing trends of disease burden from 1990 to 2019. Using ARIMA models,morbidity and mortality trends were projected for China′s mainland from 2020 to 2029.ResultsAmong the five Asian countries and regions from 1990 to 2019,the age-standardized morbidity,mortality,and DALY rates of China′s mainland,Taiwan of China,and South Korea showed an upward trend（EAPC 95% CI ＞ 0）. Taiwan of China had the largest change of growth,followed by China′s mainland. In 2019,the DALY rates of kidney cancer in five Asian countries and regions showed an upward trend with the increase in age. The disease burden of male kidney cancer in each country and region was higher than that of females. The DALY rate of kidney cancer caused by three risk factors,high body mass index（BMI）,smoking,and trichloroethylene occupational exposure,was the highest in Taiwan of China. The prediction results of the ARIMA model showed that the morbidity and mortality of kidney cancer in China′s mainland would continue to increase from 2020 to 2029.ConclusionsSince 1990,the morbidity of kidney cancer has been showing an increasing trend in the five Asian countries and regions. And morbidity and mortality will continue to increase in China′s mainland by 2029.

Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is a highly aggressive melanocytic carcinoma whose high heterogeneity and complex etiology make its prognosis difficult to predict. This study aimed to construct a risk subtype typing model for SKCM. The study proposes a deep learning framework combining early fusion feature autoencoder (AE) and late fusion feature AE for risk subtype prediction of SKCM. The deep learning framework integrates mRNA, miRNA, and DNA methylation data of SKCM patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and clusters the screened multi-omics features associated with survival prognosis to identify risk subtypes. Differential expression analysis and functional enrichment analysis were performed between risk subtypes, while SVM classifiers were constructed between differentially expressed genes (DEGs) obtained by Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) logistic regression screening and risk subtype labels inferred from multi-omics data, and the predictive robustness of risk subtypes inferred from the risk subtype classification prediction model was validated using two independent datasets. The deep learning framework that combined early fusion feature AE with late fusion feature AE distinguished the two best risk subtypes compared to the multi-omics integration approach with single strategy AE or PCA. A promising C-index (C-index = 0.748) and a significant difference in survival (log-rank P value = 4.61 × 10–9) were found between the identified risk subtypes. The DEGs with the top significance values together with differentially expressed miRNAs provided the biological interpretation of risk subtypes on SKCM. Finally, the framework was applied to predict risk subtypes in two independent test datasets of SKCM patients, all of which showed good predictive power (C-index > 0.680) and significant survival differences (log-rank P value < 0.01). The SKCM risk subtypes identified by integrating multi-omics data based on deep learning can not only improve the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of SKCM, but also provide clinicians with assistance in treatment decisions.

Background Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a common nutritional deficiency. With the change of lifestyle and eating habits, people pay increasing attention to nutritional health problems, and PEM may have different effects on the health of different age groups. Objective To analyze the overall and age-specific trends of PEM incidence in 1990-2019 and to predict its incidence in 2020-2029 in China. Methods The data of this study were derived from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, involving mortality indicators, and incidence indicators in 18 age groups (ranged from 0 to over 85 years grouped by an interval of 5 years) of PEM in China from 1990 to 2019. The age-standardized rates were calculated using the world standard population. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to calculate the annual percentage change (APC) and annual average percentage change (AAPC) of the incidence rate and 95% confidence interval, and to describe the temporal trend. The autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was used to predict the incidence of PEM in China from 2020 to 2029. Results (1) In 2019, the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of PEM in the whole population of China was 1 996.5/100 000, and that in males (2 444.7/100 000) was higher than that in females (1 536.0/100 000) . The SIR of PEM in the whole population in China was lower than that of the world standard population (2 099.4/100 000) , and that of PEM in Chinese males was higher than that in the world standard male population (2 304.0/100 000) . The incidence of PEM was highest in <5 years old group (4 402.5/100 000) , followed by 80-84 years old group (2 417.7/100 000) . After 5 years old, the incidence of PEM in both males and females increased with age, but that was still higher in males. (2) The SIR of PEM in China from 1999 to 2019 generally showed six inflection points, which were in 1995, 2006, 2010, 2014, 2017 and 2019, respectively. The SIR of PEM in China showed a downward trend in periods from 1990 to 1995 (APC=-1.3%) and from 2010 to 2014 (APC=-2.3%) (P<0.05) . But from 1995 to 2006 and 2006 to 2010, it showed an upward trend, with APC of 0.9% in 1995, and of 2.5% in 2010, respectively (P<0.05) . The growth trend of the SIR of PEM was the most obvious in 2017-2019, with an APC of 8.9% (P<0.05) . The SIR of PEM in China increased at an average annual rate of 0.7% from 1999 to 2019 (AAPC=0.7%, P<0.05) . (3) The age-specific incidence of PEM in China from 1999 to 2019 showed that the incidence of PEM decreased at an average annual rate of 2.1% in the population under 5 years old, but showed a steady upward trend in other 17 groups (P<0.05) . In age groups of 75-79 and 80-84, the incidence of PEM increased at each time interval from 1999 to 2019 (P<0.05) . (4) The ARIMA model-based prediction showed that the incidence of PEM in China might continue to rise from 2020 to 2029, reaching 7 280.06/100 000 in 2029. Conclusion In 2019, the SIR of PEM in the whole population in China (1 996.5/100 000) was lower than that in the world standard population (2 099.4/100 000) , but that of PEM in Chinese males was higher than that in the world standard male population (2 304.0/100 000) . The SIR of PEM in China increased at an average annual rate of 0.7% from 1999 to 2019, and it might continue to rise until 2029.

Objective:To screen the potential biomarkers and key signal pathways associated with transient receptor potential vanillin 3 ( TRPV3) mutations by bioinformatic analysis, and explore the effects of epidermal functions and keratinocyte differentiation among focal palmoplantar keratoderma and Olmsted syndrome caused by TRPV3 mutations. Methods:HEK293T cells transfected with TRPV3 mutant were sequenced by Sanger DNA. The differentially expressed genes associated with TRPV3 mutation were screened and the modules most related to sample characteristics were screened by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Further enrichment and functional annotation were carried out. The protein interaction network was constructed by STRING database, and the key genes related to TRPV3 mutation were screened by multiple algorithms. Results:24 hours after transfection of HEK293T cells with wild type or TRPV3 mutants, it was found that the number of living cells in each cell line decreased, especially Gly573Cys, Gly573Ser and Trp692Gly. A total of 30 differentially expressed genes related to TRPV3 mutations were screened by WGCNA differential analysis, among which GO enrichment showed that they were mainly involved in the positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase Ⅱ and positive regulation of nucleic acid-templated transcription; while KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that they were mainly concentrated in mitogen-activated protein kinase signal pathway, inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channel, cell senescence and sphingolipid metabolism. The results of four CytoHubba algorithms were crossed and four key target genes were identified, including FOS, EGR1, ATF3 and EGR2. Conclusion:This study found that TRPV3 mutations inhibit cell activity, which is closely related to skin keratosis such as Olmsted syndrome and focal palmoplantar keratosis. The differentially expressed genes related to TRPV3 mutations were screened by bioinformatics methods, which can provide a reference basis for the follow-up study of the pathogenesis and treatment of related diseases caused by TRPV3 mutations.

Objective:Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is one of the more malignant tumors of the digestive system with a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance and analyse the relationship between lactate metabolism genes and the tumor microenvironment.Methods:Pancreatic cancer and non-lesioned pancreatic cancer data were downloaded from the TCGA and GTEx databases, respectively, and lactate metabolism genes were downloaded from the GeneCards database. Lactate metabolism genes were identified as PAAD differentially expressed lactate metabolism genes and then prognostic models for pancreatic cancer lactate metabolism genes were constructed by univariate and LASSO-Cox methods. ssGSEA and ESTIMATE algorithms were used to assess the lactate risk gene relationship with the tumor microenvironment.Results:The prognostic model consisting of seven key lactate genes ( UCA1, ARNT2, PNPLA6, ATP6V0A1, MET, PRPF8, KRT7) is of great clinical value in independently predicting the prognosis of PAAD patients. In the tumor microenvironment, a variety of immune cell infiltrates showed a suppressed state in the group at high risk of lactate metabolism, including NK cells, regulatory T cells and eosinophils. Conclusion:The prognostic model of PAAD constructed through lactate metabolism-related genes and analysis of the tumor microenvironment provide new evidence for the prognosis and clinical treatment of patients with PAAD.

Objective To analyze the active ingredients of Xiaoyao Pill and its molecular mechanisms in the treatment of chloasma. Methods The active ingredients of Xiaoyao Pill, its target proteins and the targets related to human chloasma were searched through BATMAB-TCM database, GeneCards database, CTD database and GEO database, and the network diagram of active ingredient-disease targets was constructed. STRING database was used to construct protein interaction network, followed by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Finally, the active ingredients and common targets were verified by molecular docking. Results Xiaoyao Pill contained many key active ingredients such as angelica, 1-methyl-2-dodecyl-4-quinolone, ergotamine, palmitic acid, behenic acid, azelaic acid, and retinol, which possibly regulated expression of proteins related to core genes such as AKT1, INS, TNF, TP53, IL1B, KCNA1, PPARG, and JUN, resulting in the improvement of melasma. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that the pathways involved in the action of Xiaoyao Pill included neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, retrograde endocannabinoid signaling, dopaminergic synapses, CAMP signaling, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion. Molecular docking showed that the binding energies of TNF-ergotamine, IL1B-ergotamine, PPARG-ergotamine and JUN-ergotamine were all <-9 kcal/mol. Conclusions In addition to scavenge of free radicals, inhibition of melanin synthesis and anti-aging, Xiaoyao Pill can also inhibit nuclear transcription factor and reduce the inflammatory cascade reaction of IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α, resulting in anti-inflammation and antioxidation, consequently leading to improvement of chloasma.

目的 筛选银屑病发病关键基因,分析银屑病发病关键基因与免疫细胞浸润水平之间的关系,并筛选对银屑病有治疗潜力的中药,为研究银屑病的发病原因、发病机制提供参考.方法 在GEO数据库检索银屑病基因芯片,筛选出银屑病差异共表达基因(DEGs);通过WGCNA包筛选出银屑病相关性最高的基因模块;将获取的银屑病DEG s与银屑病相关性最高的模块取交集,获得银屑病高度相关DEG s,并对其进行GO分析、KEGG分析.采用MCC、DEGREE、EPC和 CLOSENESS算法从银屑病高度相关DEG s中筛选出与银屑病相关性更强的DEGs为银屑病发病关键基因.利用 CIBERSORT 反卷积法、Pearson相关分析银屑病发病关键基因与免疫浸润细胞比例的关系.通过将银屑病发病关键基因映射至 COREMINE medical数据库,筛选出对银屑病有治疗潜力的中药.结果 共筛选出 348 个DEG s.GO 富集分析显示DEGs主要富集在对外部生物刺激的反应、线粒体蛋白复合体、内肽酶活性、丝氨酸型肽酶活性等方面;KEGG 富集分析显示其主要涉及NF-κ B信号通路、Toll样受体信号通路、细胞因子-细胞因子受体的相互作用、P53信号通路、IL-17信号通路等与银屑病发病相关的信号通路.最终得到了PCNA、CXCL8、S100A9、CCNB1四个银屑病发病关键基因.银屑病发病关键基因PCNA和CCNB1与中性粒细胞和活化的树突状细胞均呈正相关性,S100A9和CXCL8与单核细胞均呈负相关性(P均<0.05).有银屑病治疗潜力的中药为朴花、大黄等.结论 银屑病的四个关键基因PCNA、CXCL8、S100A9、CCNB1均与免疫浸润细胞比例存在较强相关性;对银屑病具有治疗潜力的中药为厚朴花、大黄.

Objective: To analyze the disease burden of pancreatic cancer in major Asian countries and forecast the burden of that in China, which helps to provide reference for the prevention and control of pancreatic cancer. Methods: Data on disease burden of pancreatic cancer among global and major Asian countries from on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 were collected to describe burden distribution through the absolute numbers or standardized rates of incidence, death and disability adjusted life years (DALY) by year, sex and socio-demographic index. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) was used to assess the trend of standardized rate. The proportion of deaths attributable to risk factors for pancreatic cancer in 2019 was used to compare by age, sex and region. ARIMA model was performed with R language to predict change of age-standardized incidence and death rates of pancreatic cancer from 2020 to 2029. Results: From 1990 to 2019, the standardized incidence rates of pancreatic cancer in China increased from 3.17/100 000 to 5.78/100 000, and the standardized death rate increased from 3.34/100 000 to 5.99/100 000. The increases exceeded other high-income Asia countries. In the past three decades, the standardized incidence, death and DALY rates of pancreatic cancer in global have increased year by year. Among the major countries in Asia, China has the highest growth rate of disease burden (EAPC of standardized incidence rates=2.32%, 95% CI: 2.10%-2.48% and EAPC of standardized death rate=2.25%, 95% CI: 2.03%-2.42%). In addition, incidence and death rates of pancreatic cancer in China are expected to continue on the rise between 2000 and 2029 by ARIMA model. Incidence rate is expected to increase 15.92% and death rate is expected to increase 15.86%. Conclusions: The standardized incidence and death rates of pancreatic cancer in China increase year by year with an increasing trend for the burden of disease. The disease burden of pancreatic cancer is expected to rise due to the increase and aging of the population. Preventive measures should be adopted to decrease the burden of the pancreatic cancer.

BACKGROUND:Acne patients frequently receive combination therapy. However, there has been no rigorous review of the efficacy of combining alpha hydroxy acid with IPL for acne vulgaris treatment. OBJECTIVE:Assessing the effectiveness and safeness of alpha hydroxy acids in combination with IPL in the treatment of people with acne vulgaris. METHODS:A computer search of common biomedical databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Wanfang, CNKI, SinoMed, and VIP, was extensively conducted to identify previous studies on randomized controlled trials of alpha hydroxy acid combined with IPL in the management of acne vulgaris. RESULTS:A total of 18 publications were included (1435 patients with common acne met the inclusion criteria). The meta-analysis showed that alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) combined with IPL had higher overall efficacy than the control group (OR = 4.24; 95% CI 2.66 ~ 6.74; p < 0.01). In the case of acne vulgaris, AHA combined with IPL and the AHA alone showed a remarkable difference in total efficiency (OR = 4.10; 95% CI 2.12 ~ 7.91; p < 0.01), and AHA combined with IPL were more effective than IPL alone (OR = 4.02; 95% CI 2.25 ~ 7.16; p < 0.01). In addition, the occurrence of adverse reactions that occurred in AHA combined with IPL and control groups did not differ (OR = 0.86; 95% CI 0.46 ~ 1.60; p = 0.64). CONCLUSION:AHA combined with IPL therapy was superior to other therapies. Although it was slightly more expensive, it was effective and had a wide range of applications.

目的 通过分析1990-2019年60～89岁老年人皮肤病的流行病学数据,评估亚洲老年人的皮肤病负担,以便更好地促进老年人健康.方法 相关数据来自GBD 2019数据库,伤残调整寿命年(DALYs)、患病率和发病率(每10万人的比率)被用来描述疾病负担,年估计百分比变化(EAPCs,％)被用来描述1990-2019年皮肤病的负担趋势.结果 1990-2019年,亚洲60～89岁老年人皮肤病的患病率和发病率都持续上升(EAPC＞0,95％UI＞0);真菌性皮肤病的患病率和发病率以及皮炎的DALY率始终高于其他皮肤病,褥疮的患病率、发病率和DALY率增长最快.2019年,脓皮病的死亡人数最高[15 746(95％UI:12 271～18 979)例],占皮肤病死亡总数的55.44％;仅有褥疮的死亡率呈现上升趋势,EAPC为1.16(95％UI:0.78～1.54);另外,真菌性皮肤病在48个国家和地区的患病率和发病率均最高.结论 亚洲60～89岁老年人皮肤病的负担依然很重,30年来一直呈现上升趋势;同时真菌性皮肤病、皮炎、褥疮、脓皮病需要重点关注;各国和地区应继续改进相关的预防措施,以减少皮肤病的负担,促进老年人的健康.

Objective:To screen out the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of alopecia areata, explore its immune infiltration mechanism and predict the therapeutic targets of traditional Chinese medicine, so as to provide new ideas for the pathogenesis and traditional Chinese medicine treatment of alopecia areata.Methods:Downloading gene microarray expression profiles related to alopecia areata from the GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) database; Screening and enrichment analysis of DEGs; Constructing protein interaction network (PPI), screening key genes by Cytoscape software; Analyzing the correlation of infiltrating immunocyte bansed on CIBERSORT deconvolution method; Using Coremine medical database, a medical ontology information retrieval platform, to screen key genes for corresponding traditional Chinese medicine targets.Results:A total of 164 DEGs were screened from three alopecia areata chip samples. GO enrichment analysis showed that the 164th DEGs were mainly enriched in skin development, molecular activity, endopeptidase inhibitor activity, supramolecular fiber, etc.KEGG enrichment analysis screened Staphylococcus aureus infection, estrogen signal pathway, Wnt signal pathway, transforming growth factor β (TGF- β) and other signal pathways. Ten key genes KRT85, BMP2, KRTAP3-1, KRT27, MSX2, KRTAP11-1, HOXC13, DSG4, KRT82 and TCHH were screened by protein interaction network analysis. The correlation analysis between DEGs and immune infiltrating cells showed that there were significant differences inγ δ T cells( P<0.001), M1 macrophages( P<0.001). The potential targets of traditional Chinese medicine such as Huang Qi( P=0.0178), Bie Jia( P=0.0012) and Jiang Xiang( P=0.0033) were mapped by Coremine database. Conclusion:This study used bioinformatics methods to screen candidate genes related to the pathogenesis of alopecia areata, showing that they are closely related to infiltrating immunocyte, and screened potential therapeutic targets for Chinese medicine, providing a theoretical basis for an in-depth study of the pathological mechanisms and therapeutic approaches of alopecia areata.

目的 通过整合分析多芯片数据,探究与痤疮发病相关的关键基因及免疫细胞浸润水平.方法 从GEO数据库获取基因芯片数据集,采用"limma"R包和加权基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA)筛选与痤疮表型相关基因模块中的差异表达基因(DEGs),并进行GO功能富集和KEGG通路分析;利用STRING在线数据库及Cytoscape软件构建蛋白质互作网络,并筛选出关键基因;基于CIBERSORT算法分析免疫细胞浸润情况.结果 共筛选到154个DEGs.DEGs与信号受体结合、细胞因子活性、趋化因子受体结合等有关,主要集中在病毒蛋白与细胞因子和细胞因子受体的相互作用、细胞因子-细胞因子受体的相互作用、趋化因子信号传导、NF-κB信号传导、IL-17 信号传导等通路.构建的PPI网络中,得到139个节点,1597条边,筛选到两个关键基因(CCR5、CXCL8).22种免疫细胞浸润中,相对于正常对照组,皮损组中有更多的中性粒细胞、活化的肥大细胞、活化的树突状细胞、活化的CD4记忆T细胞等,而调节性T细胞、静息的树突状细胞、静息的肥大细胞等相对更少.结论 本研究利用生物信息学方法筛选的关键基因及免疫细胞浸润水平的变化可能在痤疮发病中起到重要作用.