ObjectiveTo estimate long-term trends in kidney cancer morbidity,mortality,and disability-adjusted life years rates（DALY rates）in five Asian countries and regions from 1990 to 2019 and the current disease burden of kidney cancer in China in 2019,and to project future trends through 2029.MethodsData were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019（GBD 2019）,from which burden of disease indicators was obtained for China′s mainland,Taiwan of China,South Korea,Japan,and Singapore,analyzing trends of disease burden from 1990 to 2019. Using ARIMA models,morbidity and mortality trends were projected for China′s mainland from 2020 to 2029.ResultsAmong the five Asian countries and regions from 1990 to 2019,the age-standardized morbidity,mortality,and DALY rates of China′s mainland,Taiwan of China,and South Korea showed an upward trend（EAPC 95% CI ＞ 0）. Taiwan of China had the largest change of growth,followed by China′s mainland. In 2019,the DALY rates of kidney cancer in five Asian countries and regions showed an upward trend with the increase in age. The disease burden of male kidney cancer in each country and region was higher than that of females. The DALY rate of kidney cancer caused by three risk factors,high body mass index（BMI）,smoking,and trichloroethylene occupational exposure,was the highest in Taiwan of China. The prediction results of the ARIMA model showed that the morbidity and mortality of kidney cancer in China′s mainland would continue to increase from 2020 to 2029.ConclusionsSince 1990,the morbidity of kidney cancer has been showing an increasing trend in the five Asian countries and regions. And morbidity and mortality will continue to increase in China′s mainland by 2029.

Objective To explore changing trend of disease burden of neonatal diseases in China from 1990 to 2019 and to provide evidence for prevention and treatment of neonatal diseases.Methods The data on neonatal diseases in China for years of 1990 and 2019 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019（GBD 2019）.The number of patients,standardized prevalence,mortality,standardized mortality,years of life lost（YLLs）,standardized YLLs,years lived with disability（YLDs）,standardized YLDs,disability adjusted life years（DALYs）,standardized DALYs,and estimated annual percent change（EAPC） were adopted to evaluate variations in disease burden of neonatal diseases between 1990 and 2019.Results Compared with those in 1990,both the number of patients and standardized prevalence rate of neonatal diseases in China increased,with the EAPC of 2.83%（95% uncertainty interval [UI]:2.59%,3.07%） and 2.52%（95%UI:2.33%,2.72%）;while the mortality and standardized mortality rates were both on the decline,with the EAPC of-6.40%（95%UI:-6.64%,-6.16%） and-5.10%（95%UI:-5.59%,-4.62%）,respectively.The neonatal diseases-related YLDs and standardized YLDs rate increased,with the EAPC of 4.05%（95%UI:3.88%,4.21%） and 3.86%（95%UI:3.68%,4.04%）;but the YLLs,standardized YLLs rate,the DALYs,and standardized DALYs rate decreased,with the EAPC of-6.40%（95%UI:-6.16%,-6.64 %）,-5.11%（95%UI:-4.62%,-5.59%）,-4.75%（95%UI:-4.48%,-5.02%）,and-4.09%（95%UI:-3.74%,-4.45%）.Among the neonatal diseases,preterm birth was the leading category as ranked by standardized rate of prevalence,mortality,YLLs,and DALYs;nonspecific neonatal infections was the leading category as ranked by standardized YLDs.Conclusion The prevalence and YLDs rate of neonatal diseases in China increased in 2019 compared with those in 1990.Early diagnosis and treatment of neonatal diseases should be improved to reduce the burden caused by the diseases.

Objective:To investigate the potential pathogenic biomarkers associated with psoriasis and cellular heterogeneity at the level of single cells.Methods:Single cell sequencing data from psoriatic skin biopsies were subjected to quality control, dimensional-reduction clustering and cell annotation. Cell clusters were analyzed for differentially expressed genes (DEGs), cell communication and pseudotime analysis. And TFs-miRNA-hub genes regulatory networks were constructed.Results:6 hub genes were identified by multialgorithm, SPRR2A, SPRR2D, IL7R, IL1RN, IER3, and LCN2. NF-κB, TNF and MAPK signaling pathway were shown to be significantly enriched. The expression of SPRRs was significantly upregulated in endothelial cells, fibroblasts and immune cells such as Langerhans cells, CD8 + T cells, M1 macrophages, resting T cells, while IL7R was predominantly expressed in immune cells. A dramatic increase of the proportion of fibroblasts, dendritic cells, Treg cells and CD8 + T cells in psoriatic skin lesions (LS) ( P=0.023, P=0.007, P=0.046, P=0.028). The activeness of interactions number, interaction strength and level of pathway enrichment of cell communication were higher in LS than in the healthy control group. Fibroblasts, dendritic cells and resting T cells only interact with other cells in LS. Pseudotime analysis showed that immune cells were mainly distributed in early trajectory, and monocytes involved in the whole trajectory and increased in later trajectory. The expression of hub genes (except IL7R) were all increased along with pseudotime. Transcription factors, NFKB1, was involved in the regulation of hub genes ( SPRR2A, IL1RN, IL7R and IER3) transcription. Conclusion:Overexpression of SPRRs and IL7R, and interactive effects of immune cells may be involved in the pathogenic processes of psoriasis via the NF-κB and MAPK pathways, which lays the theoretical basis for further in-depth study of the pathogenic mechanism of psoriasis.

Background Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a common nutritional deficiency. With the change of lifestyle and eating habits, people pay increasing attention to nutritional health problems, and PEM may have different effects on the health of different age groups. Objective To analyze the overall and age-specific trends of PEM incidence in 1990-2019 and to predict its incidence in 2020-2029 in China. Methods The data of this study were derived from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, involving mortality indicators, and incidence indicators in 18 age groups (ranged from 0 to over 85 years grouped by an interval of 5 years) of PEM in China from 1990 to 2019. The age-standardized rates were calculated using the world standard population. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to calculate the annual percentage change (APC) and annual average percentage change (AAPC) of the incidence rate and 95% confidence interval, and to describe the temporal trend. The autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was used to predict the incidence of PEM in China from 2020 to 2029. Results (1) In 2019, the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of PEM in the whole population of China was 1 996.5/100 000, and that in males (2 444.7/100 000) was higher than that in females (1 536.0/100 000) . The SIR of PEM in the whole population in China was lower than that of the world standard population (2 099.4/100 000) , and that of PEM in Chinese males was higher than that in the world standard male population (2 304.0/100 000) . The incidence of PEM was highest in <5 years old group (4 402.5/100 000) , followed by 80-84 years old group (2 417.7/100 000) . After 5 years old, the incidence of PEM in both males and females increased with age, but that was still higher in males. (2) The SIR of PEM in China from 1999 to 2019 generally showed six inflection points, which were in 1995, 2006, 2010, 2014, 2017 and 2019, respectively. The SIR of PEM in China showed a downward trend in periods from 1990 to 1995 (APC=-1.3%) and from 2010 to 2014 (APC=-2.3%) (P<0.05) . But from 1995 to 2006 and 2006 to 2010, it showed an upward trend, with APC of 0.9% in 1995, and of 2.5% in 2010, respectively (P<0.05) . The growth trend of the SIR of PEM was the most obvious in 2017-2019, with an APC of 8.9% (P<0.05) . The SIR of PEM in China increased at an average annual rate of 0.7% from 1999 to 2019 (AAPC=0.7%, P<0.05) . (3) The age-specific incidence of PEM in China from 1999 to 2019 showed that the incidence of PEM decreased at an average annual rate of 2.1% in the population under 5 years old, but showed a steady upward trend in other 17 groups (P<0.05) . In age groups of 75-79 and 80-84, the incidence of PEM increased at each time interval from 1999 to 2019 (P<0.05) . (4) The ARIMA model-based prediction showed that the incidence of PEM in China might continue to rise from 2020 to 2029, reaching 7 280.06/100 000 in 2029. Conclusion In 2019, the SIR of PEM in the whole population in China (1 996.5/100 000) was lower than that in the world standard population (2 099.4/100 000) , but that of PEM in Chinese males was higher than that in the world standard male population (2 304.0/100 000) . The SIR of PEM in China increased at an average annual rate of 0.7% from 1999 to 2019, and it might continue to rise until 2029.

Objective:To screen the potential biomarkers and key signal pathways associated with transient receptor potential vanillin 3 ( TRPV3) mutations by bioinformatic analysis, and explore the effects of epidermal functions and keratinocyte differentiation among focal palmoplantar keratoderma and Olmsted syndrome caused by TRPV3 mutations. Methods:HEK293T cells transfected with TRPV3 mutant were sequenced by Sanger DNA. The differentially expressed genes associated with TRPV3 mutation were screened and the modules most related to sample characteristics were screened by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Further enrichment and functional annotation were carried out. The protein interaction network was constructed by STRING database, and the key genes related to TRPV3 mutation were screened by multiple algorithms. Results:24 hours after transfection of HEK293T cells with wild type or TRPV3 mutants, it was found that the number of living cells in each cell line decreased, especially Gly573Cys, Gly573Ser and Trp692Gly. A total of 30 differentially expressed genes related to TRPV3 mutations were screened by WGCNA differential analysis, among which GO enrichment showed that they were mainly involved in the positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase Ⅱ and positive regulation of nucleic acid-templated transcription; while KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that they were mainly concentrated in mitogen-activated protein kinase signal pathway, inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channel, cell senescence and sphingolipid metabolism. The results of four CytoHubba algorithms were crossed and four key target genes were identified, including FOS, EGR1, ATF3 and EGR2. Conclusion:This study found that TRPV3 mutations inhibit cell activity, which is closely related to skin keratosis such as Olmsted syndrome and focal palmoplantar keratosis. The differentially expressed genes related to TRPV3 mutations were screened by bioinformatics methods, which can provide a reference basis for the follow-up study of the pathogenesis and treatment of related diseases caused by TRPV3 mutations.

Objective To analyze the active ingredients of Xiaoyao Pill and its molecular mechanisms in the treatment of chloasma. Methods The active ingredients of Xiaoyao Pill, its target proteins and the targets related to human chloasma were searched through BATMAB-TCM database, GeneCards database, CTD database and GEO database, and the network diagram of active ingredient-disease targets was constructed. STRING database was used to construct protein interaction network, followed by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Finally, the active ingredients and common targets were verified by molecular docking. Results Xiaoyao Pill contained many key active ingredients such as angelica, 1-methyl-2-dodecyl-4-quinolone, ergotamine, palmitic acid, behenic acid, azelaic acid, and retinol, which possibly regulated expression of proteins related to core genes such as AKT1, INS, TNF, TP53, IL1B, KCNA1, PPARG, and JUN, resulting in the improvement of melasma. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that the pathways involved in the action of Xiaoyao Pill included neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, retrograde endocannabinoid signaling, dopaminergic synapses, CAMP signaling, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion. Molecular docking showed that the binding energies of TNF-ergotamine, IL1B-ergotamine, PPARG-ergotamine and JUN-ergotamine were all <-9 kcal/mol. Conclusions In addition to scavenge of free radicals, inhibition of melanin synthesis and anti-aging, Xiaoyao Pill can also inhibit nuclear transcription factor and reduce the inflammatory cascade reaction of IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α, resulting in anti-inflammation and antioxidation, consequently leading to improvement of chloasma.

Objective To examine the trend in the incidence of atopic dermatitis（AD） and the influence of age,period and birth cohort on AD incidence among residents of China and four developed Asian countries from 1990–2019,and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of AD in China.Methods The data on the incidence of AD among residents of China and four Asian countries（Japan,Korea,Israel and Singapore） from 1990–2019 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019（GBD 2019） database.Estimated annual percentage change（EAPC） was used to describe country-specific trend in the incidence of AD and an age-period-cohort（APC） model was constructed to analyze effects of age,period and birth cohort on AD incidence.Results The annual age standardized incidence of AD among residents in China increased from 1990–2019 with an EAPC value of 0.021 2%（95 confidence interval [95%CI]:0.007 7%–0.034 7%）.In contrast,the annual age standardized incidence of AD decreased during the 30-year period among the residents of Japan,South Korea,Israel,and Singapore,with the EAPC values of–0.043 3%（95%CI =–0.065 5%––0.021 1%）,–0.020 6%（95%CI:–0.038 0%––0.003 2%）,–0.007 3%（95%CI:–0.007 7%––0.006 9%）,and–0.027 6%（95%CI:–0.045 2%––0.009 9%）,respectively.The results of APC model analysis showed that the residents aged 0–4 years and 70–94 years were at high risk of AD incidence in China and in the four Asian countries.The risk of AD incidence among the residents in China increased over time but decreased with the year of birth;while,the risk of AD incidence among residents of in the four Asian countries decreased over time but increased with the year of birth.Conclusion The incidence of AD among residents in China has increased year by year from 1990 to 2019,indicating that in comparison with the situation in the four developed Asian countries,the prevention and control of AD need to be promoted among residents in China,especially among the children and the elderly.

Objective To understand the current situation of disease burden in China and its changing trend from 1990 to 2019.Methods Using the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD 2019) data, this study analyzes the changes in the order of diseases causing the loss of disability adjusted life years (DALY) among Chinese people of different ages and genders and the rate of change from 1990 to 2019, and explores the changes in the main risk factors affecting the health of Chinese residents.Results In 2019, the DALY loss for all diseases in China reached 380 million per-son-years, and the total DALY rate decreased from 34,832.88/100,000 in 1990 to 26,871.41/100,000 in 2019, a de-crease of 22.86%. Over the past 30 years, stroke, ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and tracheal, bronchus and lung cancer have always been the top causes of DALY loss in China. Among them, chronic non-communicable diseases are the main causes of DALY loss in women, while cancer and road injuries are the main causes in men. Because the influencing factors for different age groups are not the same, the DALY loss among people aged 0-9, 10-24, 25-49, 50-74 and over 75 was also not the same, and this changed by -87.07%, -57.11%, 2.13%, 53.33% and 129.72% respectively compared with 1990. Tobacco, high systolic blood pressure, dietary risk factors and air pollution are the most important risk factors affecting population health in China. The impact of high body-mass index on population health is still increasing.Conclusion From 1990 to 2019, the overall health status of Chinese residents improved, and non-communicable diseases accounted for the largest proportion of the disease burden, which gradually increased among the elderly population. It is necessary to take the corresponding effective preventive measures for different age groups and risk groups, and strengthen the monitoring of high-risk groups, so as to further reduce the disease burden.

Objective: To analyze the disease burden of pancreatic cancer in major Asian countries and forecast the burden of that in China, which helps to provide reference for the prevention and control of pancreatic cancer. Methods: Data on disease burden of pancreatic cancer among global and major Asian countries from on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 were collected to describe burden distribution through the absolute numbers or standardized rates of incidence, death and disability adjusted life years (DALY) by year, sex and socio-demographic index. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) was used to assess the trend of standardized rate. The proportion of deaths attributable to risk factors for pancreatic cancer in 2019 was used to compare by age, sex and region. ARIMA model was performed with R language to predict change of age-standardized incidence and death rates of pancreatic cancer from 2020 to 2029. Results: From 1990 to 2019, the standardized incidence rates of pancreatic cancer in China increased from 3.17/100 000 to 5.78/100 000, and the standardized death rate increased from 3.34/100 000 to 5.99/100 000. The increases exceeded other high-income Asia countries. In the past three decades, the standardized incidence, death and DALY rates of pancreatic cancer in global have increased year by year. Among the major countries in Asia, China has the highest growth rate of disease burden (EAPC of standardized incidence rates=2.32%, 95% CI: 2.10%-2.48% and EAPC of standardized death rate=2.25%, 95% CI: 2.03%-2.42%). In addition, incidence and death rates of pancreatic cancer in China are expected to continue on the rise between 2000 and 2029 by ARIMA model. Incidence rate is expected to increase 15.92% and death rate is expected to increase 15.86%. Conclusions: The standardized incidence and death rates of pancreatic cancer in China increase year by year with an increasing trend for the burden of disease. The disease burden of pancreatic cancer is expected to rise due to the increase and aging of the population. Preventive measures should be adopted to decrease the burden of the pancreatic cancer.

ObjectiveTo examine changing trend in disease burden of lung cancer and related risk factors among residents in China from 1990 to 2019 for developing targeted strategies on lung cancer prevention and treatment. MethodsThe open access data relevant to disease burden of lung cancer and its associates among Chinese residents in 1990, 2005 and 2019 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. We used years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) to describe changes of lung cancer burden and population-attributable faction (PAF) to analyze the disease burden attributable to risk factors and epidemiological transition among the residents of various age groups from 1990 to 2019. ResultsIn 2019 among Chinese male residents, the rates (1/100 000) of YLDs, YLLs, and DALYs of lung cancer were 19.10, 1 632.03, and 1 651.13 and all the rates were higher than those of 8.73, 731.14, and 739.87 among Chinese female residents; the three rates increased with age, with the highest rates of 76.17, 5 243.52, and 5 319.70 in the residents aged 70 years and over. Compared to those in 1990, the rates of YLDs, YLLs, and DALYs increased by 3.61%, 2.49%, and 2.50%, respectively in 2019. Among the 16 known risk factors of lung cancer, the top five with highest contributions to DALYs (million person years), DALYs rate (1/10 000) and PAF were smoking (10.75, 755.91 and 62.06%), environmental particulate pollution (3.86, 271.20 and 22.47%), second-hand smoke (1.35, 94.81 and 7.86%), high fasting plasma glucose (1.11, 77.87 and 6.47%) and home air pollution due to solid fuel use (0.85, 59.72 and 4.94%). Of the PAF for the 16 known risk factors during the period of 1990 – 2019, the PAFs of 8 factors increased, with the highest increase of 110.12% for environmental particulate pollution and other 8 factors′ PAF decreased, with the lowest decrease of 77.74% for home air pollution due to solid fuel use. ConclusionDuring 1990 – 2019 among residents in China, the disease burden of lung cancer was heavy and the YLDs, YLLs and DALYs rate of lung cancer increased; smoking is still a main risk factor for disease burden of lung cancer.

目的 分析1990-2019年全球斑秃疾病负担的变化趋势,为全球各个国家的斑秃防治提供理论依据.方法 根据2019年全球疾病负担(GBD 2019)研究,采用伤残调整寿命年(DALY)、标化DALY率以及估计年百分比变化(EAPC)等指标分析1990-2019年全球斑秃疾病负担的变化趋势.结果 2019年,全球斑秃共导致 600 570.37(95％UI:378 239.38～891 060.98)人年 DALY,相比 1990 年增长了49.51％,但标化DALY率下降了 2.93％.在各年龄组中,女性的DALY及DALY率均高于同年龄段的男性.从全球来看,1990-2019年斑秃标化DALY率增长最快的是低社会人口指数地区(EAPC = 0.037,95％UI:0.033～0.040),下降最快的是高社会人口指数地区(EAPC =-0.158,95％UI:-0.192～-0.124);在 GBD 地区中,增长最快的是西撒哈拉以南非洲地区(EAPC =0.065,95％UI:0.056～0.075),下降最快的是撒哈拉以南非洲南部地区(EAPC =-0.031,95％UI:-0.035～-0.028);在国家层面,增长最快的是科威特(EAPC = 0.147,95％UI:0.105～0.188),下降最快的是美国(EPAC 为-0.291,95％UI:-0.389～-0.193).此外,2019年人类发展指数与斑秃的标化DALY率呈正相关(r =0.51,P＜0.05),而与标化 DALY 率的 EAPC 呈负相关(r=-0.29,P＜0.05).结论 1990-2019年全球斑秃的疾病负担虽有所改善但总体上仍处于较高水平.25～39岁年龄段人群作为斑秃负担最重的群体,尤其是女性,应重点关注.

Objective To explore molecular mechanisms of polygonum multiflorum in the treatment of androgenic alopecia and to provide underlying drug targets. Methods Bioinformatics analysis tool for molecular mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine and five disease gene databases were used to establish effective ingredients-targets of polygonum multiflorum network and protein-protein interaction network. The core sub-network was extracted through network topology, and then GO and KEGG analyses were performed. Finally, these top 10 molecules with highest connectivity were performed to molecular docking. Results A total of 1 357 common target genes were generated based on the intersection of effective ingredients-targets of polygonum multiflorum and underlying disease targets. The core sub-network including 67 genes was extracted by topological analysis. The KEGG enrichment results showed that polygonum multiflorum produce biological functions mainly through regulating inflammatory response, apoptosis, oxidative stress and autophagy pathways. The molecular docking results demonstrated the binding energy of PIK3CA-emodin, PIK3CA-chrysophanol, PIK3CA-guaijaverin and PIK3CB-emodin were less -9 kcal/mol. Conclusions The mechanism of polygonum multiflorum to treat androgenic alopecia is that PI3K/Akt pathway was mediated to regulate the expression of PIK3CA and PIK3CB to cell apoptosis through emodin. In addition, it is involved in the process of the inhibition of inflammatory response and oxidative stress, and induction of melanin production.

目的 分析中国皮肤癌的发病趋势并分别估计其年龄、时期、队列效应.方法 从2019年全球疾病负担研究中估计中国皮肤癌发病率的变化趋势.采用Joinpoint回归分析模型分析年度变化百分比和平均年度变化百分比(average annual percentage change,AAPC);利用年龄-时期-队列模型评估年龄、时期和出生队列效应对皮肤癌发病率的影响.结果 1990-2019年中国皮肤癌男性和女性年龄标准化发病率均上升.Joinpoint回归分析模型分析显示皮肤恶性黑色素瘤男性 AAPC 为 2.8％(95％CI:2.6～3.0),女性AAPC为3.0％(95％CI:2.8～3.2);基底细胞癌男性 AAPC 为 4.2％(95％CI:3.9～4.4),女性AAPC为4.0％(95％CI:3.7～4.3);鳞状细胞癌男性AAPC 为 3.7％(95％CI:3.5～3.9),女性AAPC为2.9％(95％CI:2.7～3.0).此外,年龄-时期-队列模型表明无论男女,皮肤癌的发病风险均随年龄增长和年份推移而增加,且较晚出生的队列的发病风险均低于之前出生的队列.结论 1990-2019年中国皮肤癌的发病率呈上升趋势,年龄越大、出生越早且生活在当代的人其发病风险更高.应重视皮肤癌的防治工作.

BACKGROUND:Acne patients frequently receive combination therapy. However, there has been no rigorous review of the efficacy of combining alpha hydroxy acid with IPL for acne vulgaris treatment. OBJECTIVE:Assessing the effectiveness and safeness of alpha hydroxy acids in combination with IPL in the treatment of people with acne vulgaris. METHODS:A computer search of common biomedical databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Wanfang, CNKI, SinoMed, and VIP, was extensively conducted to identify previous studies on randomized controlled trials of alpha hydroxy acid combined with IPL in the management of acne vulgaris. RESULTS:A total of 18 publications were included (1435 patients with common acne met the inclusion criteria). The meta-analysis showed that alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) combined with IPL had higher overall efficacy than the control group (OR = 4.24; 95% CI 2.66 ~ 6.74; p < 0.01). In the case of acne vulgaris, AHA combined with IPL and the AHA alone showed a remarkable difference in total efficiency (OR = 4.10; 95% CI 2.12 ~ 7.91; p < 0.01), and AHA combined with IPL were more effective than IPL alone (OR = 4.02; 95% CI 2.25 ~ 7.16; p < 0.01). In addition, the occurrence of adverse reactions that occurred in AHA combined with IPL and control groups did not differ (OR = 0.86; 95% CI 0.46 ~ 1.60; p = 0.64). CONCLUSION:AHA combined with IPL therapy was superior to other therapies. Although it was slightly more expensive, it was effective and had a wide range of applications.

目的 探讨不明原因的复发性流产(RSA)患者的基因表达谱的异质性,确定亚组子宫内膜生物学过程的区别.方法 从GEO数据库中获取GSE165004和GSE26787基因表达序列,应用ComBat方法去除批次效应后,应用Consensus Cluste-ring方法对29个病例组进行无监督聚类并分成3个亚组(RSA1、RSA2、RSA3),3个亚组再分别与对照组进行差异表达分析.利用GO富集和KEGG富集对差异表达基因(DEGs)进行生物学功能和途径注释.应用cytoHubba识别中心基因.结果 RSA1和对照组主要富集在与核分裂、细胞分裂等细胞周期相关,代谢途径有蛋白质消化吸收和细胞外基质(ECM)受体相互作用;RSA2组和脂质、氨基酸代谢过程的调控有关,代谢途径主要有花生四烯酸代谢和甲状腺激素合成;RSA3组和金属离子等细胞信号有关.结论 RSA1亚组的细胞周期明显失调;RSA2亚组的脂质、氨基酸代谢失调;RSA3亚组的细胞信号失调.

目的 通过生物信息学方法寻找银屑病的潜在生物标志物,为探讨其发病机制提供理论依据.方法 采用加权基因共表达网络分析和基因集富集分析(GSEA)算法筛选银屑病皮损和非皮损活检样本之间的差异表达基因(DEGs).基于STRING 11.0数据库和Cytoscape软件构建蛋白质相互作用网络并验证DEGs的表达水平.运用CIBERSORT算法分析DEGs与免疫浸润细胞特征基因表达量的相关性.结果 交集得到89个与银屑病发病相关的DEGs.基因本体富集结果显示,DEGs主要与体液免疫反应、能量代谢过程以及趋化因子活性有关.GSEA获得的6条交集通路均受到抑制,分别是嘧啶代谢、利什曼原虫感染、亚油酸代谢、细胞因子受体相互作用、趋化因子信号通路和嘌呤代谢.DEGs与22种免疫细浸润胞的特征基因表达量的相关分析显示,单磷酸胞嘧啶-N-乙酰神经氨酸羟化酶假定蛋白、LOC100506990、神经前体分化调节同系物、原肠(胚)形成糖蛋白、蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶非受体21、排斥导向分子B、维甲酸相关孤儿受体α、盐诱导激酶1、Wnt家族成员2和锌指蛋白273的表达量均与免疫细胞浸润呈显著负相关(P<0.05).结论 本研究利用生物信息学方法筛选得到的与银屑病发病相关的DEGs,在一定程度上可抑制疾病的发生,可为后续深入研究银屑病的致病机制奠定理论依据.

近年来强脉冲光(intense pulsed light,IPL)在临床上应用广泛,也在黄褐斑的治疗上取得了很大的进展.由于多种机制参与黄褐斑的发病,现阶段,临床上常根据不同的病因采用IPL综合治疗的方法,其疗效显著,安全性高,患者依从性好.因此本文回顾了 IPL在黄褐斑治疗方面的应用及不良反应等研究进展.

目的 通过分析1990-2019年60～89岁老年人皮肤病的流行病学数据,评估亚洲老年人的皮肤病负担,以便更好地促进老年人健康.方法 相关数据来自GBD 2019数据库,伤残调整寿命年(DALYs)、患病率和发病率(每10万人的比率)被用来描述疾病负担,年估计百分比变化(EAPCs,％)被用来描述1990-2019年皮肤病的负担趋势.结果 1990-2019年,亚洲60～89岁老年人皮肤病的患病率和发病率都持续上升(EAPC＞0,95％UI＞0);真菌性皮肤病的患病率和发病率以及皮炎的DALY率始终高于其他皮肤病,褥疮的患病率、发病率和DALY率增长最快.2019年,脓皮病的死亡人数最高[15 746(95％UI:12 271～18 979)例],占皮肤病死亡总数的55.44％;仅有褥疮的死亡率呈现上升趋势,EAPC为1.16(95％UI:0.78～1.54);另外,真菌性皮肤病在48个国家和地区的患病率和发病率均最高.结论 亚洲60～89岁老年人皮肤病的负担依然很重,30年来一直呈现上升趋势;同时真菌性皮肤病、皮炎、褥疮、脓皮病需要重点关注;各国和地区应继续改进相关的预防措施,以减少皮肤病的负担,促进老年人的健康.

Objective:To screen out the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of alopecia areata, explore its immune infiltration mechanism and predict the therapeutic targets of traditional Chinese medicine, so as to provide new ideas for the pathogenesis and traditional Chinese medicine treatment of alopecia areata.Methods:Downloading gene microarray expression profiles related to alopecia areata from the GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) database; Screening and enrichment analysis of DEGs; Constructing protein interaction network (PPI), screening key genes by Cytoscape software; Analyzing the correlation of infiltrating immunocyte bansed on CIBERSORT deconvolution method; Using Coremine medical database, a medical ontology information retrieval platform, to screen key genes for corresponding traditional Chinese medicine targets.Results:A total of 164 DEGs were screened from three alopecia areata chip samples. GO enrichment analysis showed that the 164th DEGs were mainly enriched in skin development, molecular activity, endopeptidase inhibitor activity, supramolecular fiber, etc.KEGG enrichment analysis screened Staphylococcus aureus infection, estrogen signal pathway, Wnt signal pathway, transforming growth factor β (TGF- β) and other signal pathways. Ten key genes KRT85, BMP2, KRTAP3-1, KRT27, MSX2, KRTAP11-1, HOXC13, DSG4, KRT82 and TCHH were screened by protein interaction network analysis. The correlation analysis between DEGs and immune infiltrating cells showed that there were significant differences inγ δ T cells( P<0.001), M1 macrophages( P<0.001). The potential targets of traditional Chinese medicine such as Huang Qi( P=0.0178), Bie Jia( P=0.0012) and Jiang Xiang( P=0.0033) were mapped by Coremine database. Conclusion:This study used bioinformatics methods to screen candidate genes related to the pathogenesis of alopecia areata, showing that they are closely related to infiltrating immunocyte, and screened potential therapeutic targets for Chinese medicine, providing a theoretical basis for an in-depth study of the pathological mechanisms and therapeutic approaches of alopecia areata.

目的 通过整合分析多芯片数据,探究与痤疮发病相关的关键基因及免疫细胞浸润水平.方法 从GEO数据库获取基因芯片数据集,采用"limma"R包和加权基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA)筛选与痤疮表型相关基因模块中的差异表达基因(DEGs),并进行GO功能富集和KEGG通路分析;利用STRING在线数据库及Cytoscape软件构建蛋白质互作网络,并筛选出关键基因;基于CIBERSORT算法分析免疫细胞浸润情况.结果 共筛选到154个DEGs.DEGs与信号受体结合、细胞因子活性、趋化因子受体结合等有关,主要集中在病毒蛋白与细胞因子和细胞因子受体的相互作用、细胞因子-细胞因子受体的相互作用、趋化因子信号传导、NF-κB信号传导、IL-17 信号传导等通路.构建的PPI网络中,得到139个节点,1597条边,筛选到两个关键基因(CCR5、CXCL8).22种免疫细胞浸润中,相对于正常对照组,皮损组中有更多的中性粒细胞、活化的肥大细胞、活化的树突状细胞、活化的CD4记忆T细胞等,而调节性T细胞、静息的树突状细胞、静息的肥大细胞等相对更少.结论 本研究利用生物信息学方法筛选的关键基因及免疫细胞浸润水平的变化可能在痤疮发病中起到重要作用.