以优质雪莲果种球为材料,设计了3种育苗基质与3种育苗容器的9个处理,对不同育苗基质与容器对雪莲果种苗生长的影响进行了研究.结果 表明,自配育苗基质为雪莲果种球育苗的最佳基质,10 cm×10 cm营养钵栽培容器为雪莲果种球育苗的最佳容器,生长第50天统计,其平均出苗率达98％,平均高度达15 cm,综合长势最好.

为筛选经济、优质的胡杨容器育苗基质,采用园土十生物有机肥十沙十蘑菇渣或秸秆(4∶2∶1∶3)基质、商品育苗基质、泥炭十珍珠岩十蛭石十生物有机肥(1∶1∶1∶1)基质、园土十沙十有机肥(5∶3∶2)基质进行胡杨容器播种育苗试验,通过基质理化性质测定和不同基质栽植胡杨容器苗的综合评价,结果表明:园土十生物有机肥十沙十蘑菇渣或秸秆(4∶2∶1∶3)的基质,可作为胡杨容器育苗的优良基质.

通过实验比较胡杨露地栽培,胡杨无纺布容器套盆栽培,胡杨控根器套盆栽培和胡杨美植袋盆套栽培4种栽培形式下胡杨成活率和生长量的比较,得出与陆地栽培育苗相比,套盆育胡杨苗从成活率、地上生长量、地下生长量的提高是显而易见的.胡杨无纺布容器地上栽培、胡杨控根器套盆栽培、胡杨美植袋栽培三种容器苗综合表现最好的是控根器套盆栽培,可利用控根器套盆栽培进行胡杨大苗培育并推广应用.

[目的]探明甜樱桃果实发育过程中果实质量增加特点、糖酸含量变化规律及果实发育过程中果实组织结构差异特点,为甜樱桃的田间肥水管理、适时采收、产量和果实品质的提高提供参考依据.[方法]以甜樱桃品种'拉宾斯'为供试品种,选取其不同发育时期的果实,用天平测定果实质量,用高效液相色谱仪测定其糖酸组分和含量,用光学显微镜观察果实石蜡切片并分析其组织结构.[结果]在甜樱桃果实发育过程中其果实质量的变化曲线呈双S型曲线,其果实质量出现了2个显著增加的时期:第1个时期是盛花期(50％已开花)后的第2周,此期果实质量明显增加,果肉细胞显著膨大,果实处于快速生长期;第2个时期是盛花期后的第5—6周,此期果实质量显著增加,果实亦处于快速生长期.盛花期后的第6周以后,从转色期进入成熟期,果实质量持续增加,此期果肉细胞无明显变化.在甜樱桃果实发育过程中,果实中主要有机酸的苹果酸含量不断增加,转色期后苹果酸持续积累;果实中主要糖分的葡萄糖和果糖,在果实发育前期有一个平稳积累期,转色期后其含量均迅速增加,至果实成熟期其积累均减慢,但其含量仍均持续稳定地增加.[结论]甜樱桃果实虽有2个快速发育时期,但果实中的糖酸变化时期主要集中在第2个快速生长发育时期,即盛花期后的第5—6周是果实生长发育的关键时期,此期果实的质量、体积及品质等都发生了重要变化.因此,这个阶段是加强肥水管理的关键时期,果实成熟期即果实质量增加不显著时,也即果实中糖和酸的积累均减慢之时,就可以采收果实了,即花后第8周以后是甜樱桃品种'拉宾斯'的适宜采收期.

我国是全球丝绸出口大国,桑蚕发展种植水平直接关系到产量,关系到蚕茧丝贸易的经济体制发展.以新技术、新产品标准,快速加强蛋白桑种植的发展,分析砂砾地蛋白桑种植管理经营体制,加强桑蚕产业的资源开发,增强桑蚕生产效益的推广建设,培养专业的蚕桑技术人才,探索专业的养桑模式,促进桑产业的快速发展,解决种植中的缺陷,提高桑蚕产业生产对策研究.

我国大面积实施砂砾地蛋白桑培育,以饲养链实施低成本、高品质的饲养模式,提高蛋白速生效果,增强砂砾地蛋白桑产量标准,适应蛋白、氨基酸整体畜禽水平,以有效的种植饲养模式,尽可能地防砂固化,实施多倍体桑苗种植,提升蛋白桑产量水平.本文将针对砂砾地蛋白桑产量分析标准进行研究,从蛋白桑产量的实际元素标准方面进行分析,研究提升砂砾地蛋白桑产量分析效果.

针对西北地区飞速发展的园林绿化建设对苗木的需求,以及酒泉大量荒漠戈壁地区独有的地质和气候环境,在对国内外容器育苗现状及技术进行总结的基础上,提出利用容器育苗造林,不仅符合酒泉地区的自然条件,并且能够改善生态环境,是集社会、生态、经济价值于一体的创新技术.

分析砂砾地蛋白桑产业化的发展需求,从砂砾地蛋白桑产业进化出发,研究蛋白桑产业的标准化要求,实施有效的产品技术研究分析,判断其标准化的目标,制定符合总体规划方案的实施步骤,加强有效的新技术监测分析,提高检测技术的整体应用建设水平,明确标准化制定的水平,加强有效的宣传普及分析.

在食用玫瑰组织培养过程中发现其外植体褐化现象十分严重,直接影响组培苗的成活率,决定着食用玫瑰组培工作的成功与否.为了控制外植体的褐化,分别进行了取材时间的不同选取、同一品种不同部位的选取、不同抗氧化剂的处理、消毒处理时间的不同等相关试验,结果表明:10月中旬取材能大大地降低污染率,且褐化程度低;选取茎尖及腋芽带茎段的外植体,其褐变率低;食用玫瑰外植体消毒前,使用2.0％的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮处理,在一定程度上能有效降低其褐化;深消毒中用0.1％的氯化贡溶液处理消毒效果佳,但处理时间的长短也很关键的,应根据材料的木质化程度选择适宜的处理时间.

In order to adequately explain the name of Gesang flowers,according to the Tibetan legend and history,combined with the modern research and distribution of the Tibetan wild flower plants,we have made comparative study and analysis on the characteristics of Gesang flowers.The results show that Gesang flowers,originated from Tibet,have been keeping pace with the Tibetan culture origin.In the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,it has been thousand years of plantation and it is similar to chrysanthemum with yellow flowers and high me-dicinal value.We found the similar medical plants of the plateau with it are Cremanthodium decaisnei C.B.Clarke,Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham.ex D.Don,Meconopsis integrifolia(Maxim.)Franch,Potentilla fruticosa L.,Potentilla chinensis Ser.,etc.At the same time,it has been regarded as the Tibetan cultural symbol and emotional sustenance.

As a new and dominant species in mulberry, protein type sand mulberry has a strong ability of resistance to cold, resistance to drought, resistance to barren, it grows faster and easy to the forest, and rich in a by-product. This paper analyze the natural environmental conditions of Hexi area in Gansu province, growth characteristics of protein type sand mulberry, exploitation and utilization, the current domestic progress and application prospects. Showed that protein type sand mulberry is a new features economic forest industries, it is suitable for natural condition of Hexi area in Gansu province and can improve the ecological environment, has a broad prospect of development and utilization, conforms to the theory of“sand industry”. It explores a new road for the large area of desertification of Hexi area in Gansu province.

In order to rapid product high quality seedlings in Morus alba, using M. alba seedlings with adaptability to local as materials, and using terminal buds or lateral buds as the explants, efficient tissue culture and rapid propagation system in M. alba was studied. The results showed that using just germinated lateral buds in March and April as the explants, contamination rate was low and it was easy to start. The starting rate of lateral buds was 89.7% in MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L 2,4-D+0.1 mg/L NAA, and it was significantly high than that of the other treatments. the multiplication coefficient was 4.0 in MS+0.1 mg/L 6-BA+ 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D+0.1 mg/L NAA, and it was significantly high than that of the other treatments. The rooting rate was 90.2% in 1/2MS+0.1 mg/L NAA. The survival rate of transplantation and domestication was over 96.5% from January to March. The survival rate of afforestation was 100% during field transplanting from April to May.

采用新鲜兰州百合(Lilium davidii var.uniclor)为试验材料,在MS+ 6-BA0.5 mg/L+ NAA0.5 mg/L诱导培养基上诱导出百合鳞片芽后,在MS+6-BA0.8 mg/L+NAA0.05 mg/L继代培养基上增殖得到较多的小鳞茎,在继代培养基上添加蔗糖、活性炭、PP333、水杨酸等单或多因子培养小鳞茎,观察、研究一种或多种因子对小鳞茎膨大的影响.结果表明:4种物质对小鳞茎膨大均有一定的促进作用.单一添加0.5 g/L的活性炭、90～120 g/L蔗糖、10 mg/L多效唑、0.05 mg/L水杨酸后小鳞茎鲜质量膨大倍数分别为2.08、1.78～2.07、2.3、1.87倍;添加上述浓度的活性炭、蔗糖后另加入多效唑或水杨酸膨大效果更显著,对鳞茎鲜质量膨大倍数分别是3.14、2.81,试管苗生长较好,在试管小鳞茎形成及连续膨大扩繁时可以使用这种综合培养基.

Taking fresh Lanzhou lily〔Lilium. davidii Duch. var. unicolor(Hoog)Cotton〕scale as explant,this paper explored the establishment of highly efficient regeneration system.The results showed that the middle and inner layer of the scales were superior than the outer ones,and more suitable to be explant.The scales regeneration frequency reached the highest in medium of MS+0.5 mg·L-1 6-BA+0.5 mg·L-1 NAA,up to 90.0%. A small bud had the highest proliferation rate in the medium of MS+0.8 mg·L-1 6-BA+0.05 mg·L-1 NAA,with an average number of 4.5 per bud new shoots.The medium of MS+0.8 mg·L-1 6-BA+0.05 mg·L-1 NAA+0.5 mg·L-1 AC facilitated the enlargement growth of test-tube plantlets,and their survival rate was over 98% after transplanting.

以选用优良无毒地被菊顶芽及侧芽为外植体,探讨了组培快繁途径,确定以MS+6-BA2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.02 mg/L为初代培养基,培养40天;以MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.01 mg/L为继代培养基,培养30天;以1/2MS+0.5 mg/L IBA为生根培养基,培养30天;炼苗3天后移栽成活率在98％以上,能在短时间内繁殖出大量优质种苗,且观赏价值及长势均优于同期温室扦插苗.可大量用于园林应用.

From Lanzhou lily scale selection, cutting method, placement, cutting method and scale cutting temperature, substrate, water and fertilizer, light and regulators, this article introduced the advanced technology of Lanzhou lily scale seed propagation, and established Lanzhou lily scale bulblet breeding technology system.

植物组织培养的重点在于操作,操作规范与否决定了组培工作的成败,该文就溶液配制、培养基制作、灭菌技术、接种及造成污染的原因进行分析总结,并提出了相应的解决方法,对组培日常工作起到一定的指导作用。

以‘土特拉’试管苗的叶盘、叶柄为外植体,探讨了生长调节物质对再生体系建立的影响.结果表明:叶盘再生效果优于叶柄；细胞分裂素对‘土特拉’再生的影响表现为随着浓度的增加,再生频率均有先升后降的趋势,在TDZ 2.0 mg/l时达最高,叶盘再生频率为92.0％,且显著高于其它处理；叶柄再生频率为78.0％；BA处理的叶盘再生频率变化范围为72.9％-82.2％,叶柄再生频率大大降低,为31.8％-68.2％;细胞分裂素与生长素组合对‘土特拉’再生的影响不同,总的趋势是2,4-D最为有利,NAA次之,1AA最差.叶盘在MS+TDZ 2.0 mg/l+2,4-D 0.1 mg/l上再生频率最高,为99.1％;其次在MS+ BA2.0mg/l+2,4-D0.1 mg/l上再生频率为96.5％;在TDZ、BA和IAA组合的培养基上再生频率最低,分别为50.7％和48.5％.

介绍了杂交油菜先油杂2号的特征特性,并总结了其优质高产栽培技术要点.

草炭为无土栽培常用基质,性能优,也可单独用作栽培基质,但成本较高[1]。玉米秸、菇渣来源丰富,为常见的有机废弃物,代替草炭作为基质进行樱桃番茄无土栽培切实可行,可以大幅度地降低基质成本,每667m2成本降低1500元,提高产出/投入比。不同的基质配比对产量有较大影响,最为适宜的基质配方为玉米秸:菇渣:炉渣=3:3:4。在炉渣较为缺少的地区可以用河沙代替炉渣作为栽培基质,其比例为玉米秸:菇渣:河沙=3:3:4。