Efficient fog harvesting strategies have attracted increasing attention for addressing global water scarcity. In this study, a bio-inspired slippery surface was engineered by combining hydrophilic-hydrophobic patterning and lubricant infusion based on hydrophobic undecylenic-modified microcrystalline cellulose (UMCC) nanoparticles. The UMCC nanoparticles were synthesized using a dialysis-spraying process, followed by UV-assisted patterning of the hydrophilic domains and infusion with a perfluoropolyether lubricant to create a stable, directionally modified slippery interface. The pristine nanoparticle surface exhibited strong adhesion and high contact-angle hysteresis, which severely hindered droplet removal. However, after lubricant infusion, the contact angle hysteresis was dramatically reduced, enabling rapid droplet mobility, similar to that of Nepenthes pitcher plants. The resulting surface exhibited excellent chemical and environmental stabilities over a wide pH range. Notably, the moderately hydrophilic amino-patterned surface enhanced droplet nucleation, coalescence, and directional removal, achieving an exceptional fog-harvesting rate of 532.8 +/- 85.1 mg/(hcm2), surpassing the performance of all unmodified controls. This study established a simple and sustainable platform for next-generation bio-inspired fog-harvesting and water-management technologies.

Hydroquinone (HQ) and catechol (CC), as two representative phenolic isomers, are commonly present in aquatic environments and pose potential risks to ecological systems and human health. Their highly similar molecular structures usually result in close oxidation behaviors, making their simultaneous electrochemical determination difficult on conventional electrodes. In this study, durian shell waste was employed as a renewable carbon precursor to fabricate hierarchically porous carbon through carbonization followed by KOH-assisted chemical activation. The obtained DSC-PA-800 was further used to modify a glassy carbon electrode for the simultaneous detection of HQ and CC. Structural characterization revealed that the activation process transformed the compact biomass-derived carbon into an open porous framework with abundant pore channels, defect-rich carbon domains, oxygen/nitrogen-containing surface groups, and a high specific surface area of 1388.7 m2·g−1. These features provided more accessible electroactive sites, improved electrolyte penetration, and promoted interfacial charge transfer. As a result, DSC-PA-800/GCE exhibited distinctly enhanced current responses and well-separated oxidation peaks toward HQ and CC in neutral PBS. Under optimized conditions, the sensor displayed two linear ranges of 1–250 μM and 250–550 μM for both analytes, with detection limits of 0.31 μM. The modified electrode also showed satisfactory selectivity against common inorganic ions and phenolic interferents, along with good repeatability, reproducibility, and storage stability. In addition, reliable recoveries were obtained in river water and tap water samples, demonstrating its practical applicability for environmental analysis. This work offers a sustainable and low-cost strategy for converting durian shell biomass into functional porous carbon materials for electrochemical monitoring of phenolic pollutants.

In this study, a green catalytic strategy based on a deep eutectic solvents (DES) was developed for the efficient synthesis of urea diacetic acid. The effect of the formation of DES with different metal salts (ZnCl2, FeCl3, CuCl2, ZnBr2) was systematically evaluated by combining experimental analysis and molecular thermodynamic simulation. The results showed that the DES (Delta G =-315.06 kJ/mol) formed in a 1:2 mol ratio between urea and ZnCl2 showed the optimal catalytic activity at 353.15 K, with the product yield as high as 91.50 %, which was significantly better than the traditional non-catalytic system (35.59 %). IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy confirmed the characteristic peaks of the secondary amine and the carboxylic acid group in urea diacetic acid, and the structural integrity of the product was further verified by the Hinsberg reaction. Mechanistic studies show that DES reduces the reaction activation energy through a dynamic hydrogen bonding network, while the electronic effect of metal salts regulates intermediate release. The urea-ZnCl2 DES system has high catalytic efficiency and environmental friendliness under mild conditions (80 degrees C), and can be recycled, which provides a new idea for the green industrial production of polyurea materials. This study provides the theoretical basis and practical reference for the multifunctional catalytic application and green chemical process design of DES in organic synthesis.

Ionic liquids, as catalysts for carbonate derivatives, have high conversion rates and strong selectivity, and are environment-friendly. In this study, [HO–(CH2)2–mim]5[Ti(H2O)FeMo11O39] (IL-Fe) was prepared using sodium molybdate, TiCl4, and 1-hydroxypropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide salt ([HO–(CH2)2–mim]Br). The products were characterised by IR, XRD, TGA, and UV spectroscopy, which showed that the structures were correct and that the catalysts were thermally stable. The synthesis of BISBC by IL-Fe-catalysed ISB was carried out and the structural characterisation and synthetic conditions of BISBC were optimised by orthogonal tests. The experimental results showed that four factors, i.e. feeding ratio, catalyst dosage, reaction temperature, and reaction time, affected the yield of the BISBC prepolymer in descending order. The optimum process conditions for the BISBC yield were defined: feeding ratio n(DMC) : n(ISB) = 5; catalyst dosage = 1.0 wt

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) hold great potential for carbon monoxide (CO) adsorption owing to their large pore volume, diverse periodic network structures, and designability. Machine learning is anticipated to provide optimization parameters for designing high-efficiency MOFs adsorbents, avoiding time-consuming experiments. Here, we proposed an ensemble-learning strategy accounting for multidimensional analysis of features to rationally design pore geometries, structural properties, and synthesis conditions of MOFs toward high performance for CO adsorption. The extreme gradient boosting model exhibited the best predictive performance (R2 > 0.95) under limited data set size. Porous characteristic was identified as a dominant factor in pristine MOFs. Prediction results illustrated that MOFs featuring one-dimensional, two-dimensional, microporous, and isolated pores were optimal for CO adsorption, with 0.4-0.6 cm3/g total pore volume. This enhanced adsorption capacity can be attributed to the shortened molecular diffusion pathways. The relative significance of structural parameters followed: space groups > geometry > topology. The optimal structural configuration involved space group of R3m, binuclear paddle wheel geometry, and scorpionate-like topology. Regarding transition metal-modified MOFs, incorporated Cu(I) demonstrated the strongest binding affinity toward CO, while Fe(II) and Ni(II) could serve as effective binding sites. This work offers a theoretical guidance for designing efficient adsorbents toward CO adsorption.

变压吸附(PSA)是一个多步骤耦合的周期性循环动态过程,吸附床层中流体的流动状态对分离效率的影响规律尚不明确,深入探究不同流动状态下吸附床内流体的浓度场分布,对提高分离效率具有重要指导意义.本文基于Aspen Adsorption V12模拟平台,建立了一个描述多组分吸附、混合气体流动传质的四床九步扰动PSA模型,模拟甲硫醚/氮气分离,考察吸附床内流动相由层流向湍流过渡过程中湍动程度对分离效果的影响.结果表明,当雷诺数在800～1200范围内,增强流动相湍动程度可以有效提高分离性能.当PSA吸附过程中流动相由过渡流转变为完全湍流状态时,以甲硫醚含量2000mL/L的氮气为原料,产品气中甲硫醚从20mL/L脱除至8mL/L,氮气收率由93.3%降至86.9%.本研究表明,在一定范围内增强湍动有利于提高分离效果,但流速过高会造成吸附剂流化,从而失去有效的吸附分离能力.因此,PSA工艺实际应用中应综合考虑系统的湍动影响,强化分离效果.

Deep desulfurization from fuel has gradually become a research hotspot with enhancing requirements of envi-ronmental protection. CPO-27-Ni was considered as one of promising adsorbents towards adsorption desulfur-ization by virtue of its prodigious high pore volume and high specific surface area. However, the dominant microporous channels in traditional CPO-27-Ni hinder the diffusion of thiophene sulfide and its derivatives with relatively large molecular size, which limits its desulfurization efficiency. Herein, we proposed a strategy to reasonably construct defective CPO-27-Ni with micro-mesoporous structure using N, N-dimethyloctadecylamine (DMA18) as a template, aim at improving the diffusion efficiency by introducing meso-pores. Different amounts of DMA18 were introduced to synthesize defective CPO-27-Ni (DMA18-C-X) by solvothermal method, and DMA18-C-0.5 (the mole ratio of added DMA18 to Ni2+ was 0.5) exhibited a satisfactory desulfurization per-formance. The dynamic breakthrough adsorption capacities of dibenzothiophene, benzothiophene and thiophene over the DMA18-C-0.5 were remarkably promoted, which were as high 3.79, 6.45 and 9.29 times as the tradi-tional CPO-27-Ni, respectively. The crystal structure of CPO-27-Ni was not altered after adding template agent DMA18, while a uniform distribution of mesopores appeared. The largest mesopore attained a size of 2.8 nm, which effectively promoted the full exposure of more unsaturated Ni2+ active sites and enhanced the interaction between Ni2+ active sites and sulfides, resulting in strengthened adsorption desulfurization performance. This method of introducing proper defects to construct mesopores in MOFs provides some useful references for preparing high-efficiency desulfurization adsorbents.

As an efficient fuel purification technique, adsorption desulphurization has attracted wide attention. Silicon oxide has been verified as a promising candidate for adsorption desulfurization reagent due to the advantages of stable structure, inexpensiveness and accessibility. However, its adsorption desulfurization performance is always weakened by the limited pore channel size leading to pore diffusion resistance over the traditional microporous silicon oxide, and it suffers from the poor shape selectivity of mesoporous silicon oxide as well. In this work, we successfully prepared a novel super microporous silica material (SMS) with a unique bimodal micro-mesoporous pore size distribution mainly around 1.2 nm, 1.6 nm and 1.8 similar to 3.5 nm, using a pluronic triblock copolymer with approximately an average molecular weight of 3858 as template by hydrothermal synthesis. The SMS possessed the characteristics of Ia3d cubic phase and super microporous as well as mesoporous silica structure, according to the X-ray diffraction characterization as well as nitrogen adsorption isotherms. The SMS could effectively reduce the diffusion resistance and exhibit improved shape selectivity compared to microporous or mesoporous silicon oxide, respectively, by virtue of its bimodal micro-mesoporous pore size distribution. Under an optimized crystallization temperature of 100 degrees C for 24 h, the as-synthesized SMS displayed a notable desulfurization performance with a breakthrough capacity of 0.122 mmol S/g benzothiophene, which was significantly superior to that of traditional mesoporous silica KIT-6 (0.04 mmol S/g). Furthermore, the desulfurization performance of SMS adsorbent was not significantly reduced after three cycles of regeneration. The SMS exhibited high desulfurization capacity, easy regeneration and satisfactory regeneration performance, and it could be applied in adsorptive desulfurization technology.

Recently, the investigation of high-efficiency adsorbents for CO adsorption and separation has gradually become a research focus with carbon energy chemistry developing and environmental protection requirement enhancing. The adsorption performance of CO would be devitalized under a humid environment, although the traditional molecular sieves could serve as an effective adsorbent toward CO adsorption under an anhydrous atmosphere. In this work, a strategy of silanization modification was proposed to enhance the performance of CO adsorption by restraining the surface occupied by competitive water molecules due to the hydrophilic nature of silica hydroxyl groups on the 5A molecular sieves. A series of hydrophobic CO adsorbents (X-B-5A) were successfully prepared via impregnation using butyltrichlorosilane (BTS) as a hydrophobic agent, toluene as a dispersion solution, and commercial 5A molecular sieves as a raw material. The effect of different concentrations of BTS in toluene solution on hydrophobicity and CO adsorption performance was investigated. The results showed that the hydrophobicity of X-B-5A was significantly increased after silanization modification. Additionally, the water contact angle of 0.004-B-5A increased from 20 degrees to 154 degrees, and the static water vapor adsorption capacity was reduced from 27.5 to 6.0% at 35 degrees C. The CO static adsorption capacity of 0.004-B-5A still reached 1.54 mmol/g, which was only 14.6% lower than that of pristine 5A molecular sieves. Additionally, the dynamic adsorption capacity of CO over the as-prepared X-B-5A was significantly enhanced compared to pristine 5A molecular sieves in the presence of moisture. The as-prepared hydrophobic adsorbents exhibited satisfactory CO adsorption performance and high thermal stability in a humid environment. This work presents a novel strategy for the preparation of adsorbents toward CO adsorption employed under a high relative humidity environment.

利用合成改性的复合离子液体催化剂(CMIL)催化CO2与环氧丙烷(PO)生成碳酸丙烯酯(PC),通过正交试验优化工艺参数,考察CMIL的催化性能.根据亲核反应机理,建立反应过程动力学方程,回归得到动力学方程参数.结果表明:CMIL具有很好的催化性能,当温度为95℃、压力为1.5 MPa、催化剂用量(催化剂与反应原料的质量比)为2.0％的条件下,PO转化率为99.98％,PC选择性为98.87％;在一定温度和压力下,PC的合成反应速率与催化剂浓度和PO浓度均成线性关系.

高校基层党支部是党在高校全部工作和战斗力的基础.搞好基层党建工作,最为有效的途径就是把此项工作与专业建设结合起来,实现双融双促,协调发展,把党建各项工作落到实处.

按照应用型人才培养要求,从培养学生知识应用能力和工程实践能力出发,产教深度融合,将过去单一的生产实习改革为化工仿真实习、化工单元操作实训、化工现场生产实习、化工生产操作实训4个阶段进行,实施“仿真-实习-实训”新的生产实习教学模式.在化工现场生产实习期间,让学生参观多个大中小化工企业,详细了解不同规模的生产工艺装置.

将3种聚醚离子液体,即Cl[EPECH-MIM]-OH、Cl[PECH-MIM]-COOH和Cl[PECH-MIM]-NH2,分别与助催化剂ZnBr2反应制得复合型聚醚离子液体,再用硅烷(CPTES)修饰分子筛SBA-15,并将其固载复合聚醚离子液体,制得固载化催化剂SCP-OH/[ZnBr2]、SCP-COOH/[ZnBr2]和SCP-NH2/[ZnBr2].利用红外光谱仪、热重分析仪、电镜扫描仪对SBA-15及3种固载化催化剂进行化学结构、热性能和表观形貌的表征,并研究其催化环氧丙烷(PO)与CO2合成碳酸丙烯酯(PC)反应的性能.结果 表明,复合型聚醚离子液体成功固载于硅烷分子筛上,实现了离子液体的相态转变及其高效的非均相转化CO2.对于3种固载化离子液体催化环氧丙烷与CO2的羰基化反应,SCP-COOH/[ZnBr2]的催化性能最佳,在CO2压力3.0 MPa、反应温度130℃、液时空速为0.5h-1的反应条件下,PO转化率为83.8％、产物PC选择性为94.1％,并且连续使用80 h后仍保持良好的催化性能.

Microfiltration carbon membranes were developed to cope with the wastewater containing phenol and phosphoric acid. The structure of carbon membranes was characterized by scanning electron microscope, x-ray diffraction, bubble pressure method and specific surface area analysis. The separation efficiency of carbon membranes was investigated by varying the operation factors, including feed concentration, running time, and pressure. Results have shown that the carbon membranes are abundant in porous structure with the porosity of 42%, along with a narrow pore size distribution centering at 0.18 mu m. Within the scope of the study, the highest removal rates reach to 81.9% for phenol and 55.3% for phosphoric acid from wastewater, respectively.

新媒体的兴起和广泛应用,深刻改变着大学生的思维方式,对其价值取向发挥重大作用,合理运用对提升思想政治教育实效性意义重大."青年之声"平台作为共青团联系青年的国内最大社交平台,具备成为高校思想政治教育载体的功能、特性和价值特征,"青年之声"平台是新媒体时代高校思想政治教育创新的必然要求."青年之声"平台通过倡导以人为本,彰显高校思想政治教育理念亲和力;话语转换,突出思想政治教育内容的亲和力;因时而进,增强思想政治教育形式和载体的亲和力.因此,是提升高校思想政治教育亲和力的重要载体.

笔者从应用技术型人才培养出发,在深入研究现代化工发展要求与生产实际岗位需要、课程教学与实际工作相结合等的基础上,重新构建了化学工程与工艺专业化工工艺类课程体系与教学内容,突出了专业主干课程的建设与教学,突出了主干课程的先进性和应用性,加强了学生知识应用能力、工程实践能力的培养.

按照应用型人才培养目标,将基础化学中的无机化学、分析化学、有机化学、物理化学课程涉及的实验内容作为一个整体统筹安排、内容合理衔接,避免了实验内容重复,减少了验证性实验项目,增加了综合性、设计性实验项目,开设了化学虚拟仿真实验,突出了实验的应用性教学.通过基础化学实验,使学生掌握了基本的实验技能,培养了学生动手操作和分析解决实际问题的能力.

以廉价的硝酸铝和氨水为原料,采用溶胶喷雾法制备了超细球形氧化铝粉体.采用SEM观察前驱体及最终产物的微观形貌,TG/DTA分析了前驱体的受热行为,XRD分析了前驱体及最终产物的晶型转变顺序.结果表明:陈化时间影响前驱体的晶型结构,从而影响其成为α-Al2O3的晶型转变路线;前驱体的平均粒径可通过喷嘴的孔径进行调节,其形貌和粒度特征在不同温度煅烧后可以保持不变.

Spherical alumina with a wide range of applications belongs to fine chemical products of the family of alumina materials.The spheroidization of alumina particles can greatly improve the application of its products,so the preparation of spherical alumina has aroused the interest of the researchers.At present,the preparation methods of spherical alumina mainly include homogeneous precipitation,sol-emulsion-gel,oil-drop,template,aerosol decomposi-tion and spray.In this paper,we try to review the characteristics of these preparation methods,and put forward some new advises combining the author′s research.

化工设计课程是化学工程与工艺专业的主干课程之一，立足于培养未来工程师的思维方式和工程技能。结合本校实际情况，从教学大纲、多样化形式教学、教学内容等多方面进行改革，以培养实践能力和创新能力强、质量高的化工工程技术人才。