The article deals with data of cerebral oximeter INVOS Somanetics (US) used for comparison the degree of brain oxygenation reduction, ejection fraction and stroke volume relative to age norms in children with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is characterized by primary hypertrophy of myocardium without another cause such as arterial hypertension. We present a rare case of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in 7-year-old girl with minimal nonspecific clinical manifestation (headache after loading). At planned examination typically ECG changes - pronounced repolarization changes and deep (about 10 mm) inverted T waves in precordial leads - were discovered. Transthoracic echocardiography detected local symmetric hypertrophy of left ventricular apex with reduced contractility of this area and intraventricular obstruction with pressure gradient between apical and middle parts of left ventricle 30 mm Hg. This findings were confirmed by ventriculograhy and myocardial scintigraphy. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging determined marked fibrotic transformation of left ventricular apex. The features of this case are: the young age of the patient and combination of apical hypertrophy with intraventricular obstruction.

Poster: ESCR 2015 / P-0020 / Typical cases, complications and difficulties in the diagnosis of non-compact myocardium in children by MRI and CT. by: Barskiy, V. Sinitsyn , L. A. Yurpolskaya, E. Basargina, Y. Shmeleva, I. Filinov, A. Sugak, I. Silnova, M. umarova; Moscow/RU

The article provides an analysis of capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging with delayed contrast enhancement in diagnosing fibrotic alterations of varying severity. A hyperintense signal in the setting of myocardial delayed contrast enhancement programs indicates alterations of myocardial structure. Localization, severity and hyperintense signal size facilitate correct diagnosis and prognosis of complications development.

сердечной недостаточности у детей. В статье представлены собственные результаты изучения роли NT-proBNP в диагностике некомпактного миокарда. Выявлено, что содержание NT-proBNP в сыворотке крови детей с результаты могут быть полезны врачу в клинической некомпактный миокард, NT-proBNP, сердечная недостаточность, диагностика, дети. фармакология. 9 65–69) Non-compacted myocardium is a rare congenital cardiomyopathy. Due to the lack of uniform criteria, diagnostics of this condition is complicated presently, which results in over-diagnosing. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is a marker of chronic cardiac insufficiency (CCI) in children. The results of the study of NT-proBNP in non-compacted myocardium diagnostics are represented in this article. It was established, that serum NT-proBNP levels were higher in children with non-compacted myocardium than in children with CCI and without this disorder (р < 0,01). The received data can be useful in clinical practice.

Often under the guise of «ordinary» Rickets are more severe kidney diseases, developing as a result of inherited or acquired, primary or secondary defects in the renal tubules. Incorrect diagnosis leads to an inadequate therapy, rapid progression of disease and renal failure. The article describes the main approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of tubular rachitis similar syndrome, presents a number of clinical cases in author's practice.Key words: tubulopathy, acidosis, electrolyte disorders, rickets, rickets-like syndrome, diagnostics, treatment, children.

Rheumatic diseases in adults are associated with accelerated atherosclerosis, and its early signs can be stated by the thickening of intima-media complex of common carotid arteries (CCA). This symptom is detected during ultrasound examination in 49% of children with systemic lupus erythematosus, in 24% of patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and in 13% of children with juvenile spondylarthritis. Besides, 36% of children with systemic lupus erythematosus and 17% — with systemic type of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis had structure changes of CCA wall. A dependence of these disorders on cholesterol and glucose levels in blood serum, overweight and Cushing syndrome, age, duration and activity of a disease, levels of ESR, C-reactive protein and white blood cells was not showed. Authors detected a correlation between the thickness of intima-media complex of CCA and hemostasis parameters.Key words: children, juvenile arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, intima-media complex, ultrasound diagnostics.(Voprosy sovremennoi pediatrii — Current Pediatrics. 2010;9(2):64-69)

Heart lesions in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are detected in a half of patients, but in most cases it has no clear clinical symptoms and can be revealed only during instrumental diagnostics. 40 children with SLE and 40 conditionally healthy children were examined in this study. The signs of pericardium lesion were detected in 50% of children with SLE, cardiac valves (aortal and mitral) — in 23% of patients, hypertrophy of myocardium of left ventricle — in 33%, dilatation of its camera — in 20%, disorders of diastolic function — in 12,5%, and decrease of contractility of myocardium — in 15%. In total, the signs of myocardium lesions were detected in children and adolescents with SLE more frequently, and valvulitis — rarely than in adults (according to literature data). Revealed differences in heart structure may reflect peculiarities of disease in children and adverse effects of immunosuppressive therapy.Key words: children, systemic lupus erythematosus, echocardiography, pericarditis, myocarditis, endocarditis.(Voprosy sovremennoi pediatrii — Current Pediatrics. – 2010;9(3):43-49)

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and juvenile spondiloarthritis (JSA) are chronic auto-immune disorders, characterised by various extraarticular pathology including heart pathology The most available non-invasive method for diagnosing asymptomatic myocardial pathology is echocardiography. The study included 185 children with JRA and 43 children with JSA. The systemic JRA variant was characterised by high prevalence of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (48,2%), LV dilatation (32,9%), and LV diastolic dysfunction (30,6%) with unaffected systolic function. The respective percentages in the arthritic JRA variant were 11%, 13%, and 15%, which pointed to the need for follow-up and possible diagnosis revision, due to systemic character of the disease. In JSA, reduced total LV contractility was the most prevalent sign (27,9%). To identify the reasons for the latter, further detailed examination was necessary.

Heart lesions in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are detected in a half of patients, but in most cases it has no clear clinical symptoms and can be revealed only during instrumental diagnostics. 40 children with SLE and 40 conditionally healthy children were examined in this study. The signs of pericardium lesion were detected in 50% of children with SLE, cardiac valves (aortal and mitral) — in 23% of patients, hypertrophy of myocardium of left ventricle — in 33%, dilatation of its camera — in 20%, disorders of diastolic function — in 12,5%, and decrease of contractility of myocardium — in 15%. In total, the signs of myocardium lesions were detected in children and adolescents with SLE more frequently, and valvulitis — rarely than in adults (according to literature data). Revealed differences in heart structure may reflect peculiarities of disease in children and adverse effects of immunosuppressive therapy. Key words: children, systemic lupus erythematosus, echocardiography, pericarditis, myocarditis, endocarditis. ( Voprosy sovremennoi pediatrii — Current Pediatrics. – 2010;9(3): 43-49 )

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and juvenile spondiloarthritis (JSA) are chronic auto-immune disorders, characterised by various extraarticular pathology, including heart pathology. The most available non-invasive method for diagnosing asymptomatic myocardial pathology is echocardiography. The study included 185 children with JRA and 43 children with JSA. The systemic JRA variant was characterised by high prevalence of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (48,2%), LV dilatation (32,9%), and LV diastolic dysfunction (30,6%) with unaffected systolic function. The respective percentages in the arthritic JRA variant were 11%, 13%, and 15%, which pointed to the need for follow-up and possible diagnosis revision, due to systemic character of the disease. In JSA, reduced total LV contractility was the most prevalent sign (27,9%). To identify the reasons for the latter, further detailed examination was necessary.

Pericarditis is relatively widespread inflammatory disease of pericardium. Symptoms of this disease was described already in the beginning of XIXth century, but it's clinical diagnostics in patient's lifetime is difficult up to now. Majority of acute pericardites have favorable clinical course, but some of them have complications (cardiac tamponade and constrictive pericarditis), which are potentially lethal. Development of non-invasive radiation methods of heart visualization technologies improved diagnostics of pericarditis in last years. Besides, achievements of immunology, virology and microbiology allowed widening of data of etiology and pathogenesis of pericardial diseases. Present lecture gives modern data of etiology, classification, clinical signs, diagnostics and treatment of pericarditis. The description of separate specific types of pericardites is given.Key words: children, pericarditis.(Voprosy sovremennoi pediatrii — Current Pediatrics. 2009;8(2):77-84)