Based on the analysis of current literature, the authors reviewed diagnostic aspects and the relationship between tension-type headache (TH) and mental disorders in 78 children, aged from 7 to 15 years, admitted to a neurological unit in 2004-2007 and in 45 children admitted to a psychiatric hospital. The latter group included 22 patients with depressive episodes, 11 with anxiety-phobic disorder and 12 with schizotypal personality disorder. The comparison of clinical features of headache in these groups revealed that TH was associated with mental disorders and chronic TH in most cases was a symptom of a mental disease (primarily depression). The authors stress the importance of the interdisciplinary approach to investigation, diagnosis and treatment of chronic headache in children.

The article reflects current viewpoints of Russian and foreign scientists on a problem of pathology of primary headaches (migraine and tension headache) in children, it's frequency in adults and children, diagnostic aspects and characteristic features of clinical course in children. Much attention is paid to the role of nitric oxide in pathogenesis of primary headaches. Key words: headache, primary headache, tension headache, migraine, nitric oxide, children.

The article reflects current viewpoints of Russian and foreign scientists on a problem of pathology of primary headaches (migraine and tension headache) in children, it's frequency in adults and children, diagnostic aspects and characteristic features of clinical course in children. Much attention is paid to the role of nitric oxide in pathogenesis of primary headaches.Key words: headache, primary headache, tension headache, migraine, nitric oxide, children.

The instrumental methods of evaluation of the cognitive ability of child by means of test computer systems open up real opportunities for the objective and thorough examination of main processes of the cognitive ability. An objective quantitation of the cognitive sphere makes it possible to prognosticate the intellectual development of child and to use such methods not only in the diagnosis and prevention but also in the correction of cognitive disorders.