针对目前烟叶种植面积提取与监测工作应用遥感影像技术过程存在的问题局限,本文从实践角度出发,分析了遥感影像技术的运用现状,并结合实践提出了面向对象的遥感影像技术应用措施.结果表明,遥感影像技术只有以针对性状态,才能使烟叶种植面积的提取与监测工作开展起到事半功倍的作用.

The advances in occurrence and harm of continuous cropping obstacles of tobacco planting were reviewed,and the main causing mechanism of continuous cropping obstacles was discussed from the changes of soil physicochemical property,soil microorganism environment,soil enzyme activity and root exudates.Moreover,the main regulation technologies for preventing continuous cropping obstacles of tobacco planting were summarized,which included applying crop rotation and intercropping,rational fertilization and selecting resistant variety.In the end,several questions that should be paid attention to for further study were also discussed.

[Objective] In order to provide a theoretical basis for application of biomass pellet of straws in tobacco leaves production.[Method] Flue-cured tobacco straws were used as materials to study the effects of the different process on the quality and productivity of biomass pellet of flue-cured tobacco straws.[Result] The results showed that:the process was the best for biomass pellet of flue-cured tobacco straws when the moisture content was 20%,and the fermentation time was 5 days,and the aperture of screen was 12 mm.[Conclusion] The study can provide reference for application of flue-cured tobacco straw biomass pellet in practical production.

Qianxi No.1,a new flue-cured tobacco variety,was systematicly selected from the variant lines of K326.Qianxi No.1 had tower-shaped plant type,long elliptic shaped leaves,and a 127 d field growth period.Its agronomic and economic traits were superior to K326.The cultivation and modulation techniques of Qianxi No.1 were simple.The leaves of Qianxi No.1 featured full maturity and were easy to cure.The cured leaves had high apparent quality,and the contents of chemical components were harmonious,and the comprehensive evaluation of smoking was superior to K326.Qianxi No.1 had high resistance and strong adaptability.

In order to explore the specialized grading and loose-leaf purchasing model(SGLP Model) in tobacco-grown mountain area,the analysis of traditional tobacco grading and purchasing model in Qianxi County had the characteristics of grading and bunching by tobacco grower,selling at the appointed time after pre-examination,new model for mountain tobacco grading and purchasing supported by tobacco station integration and tobacco workshop integration were put forward,which was named SGLP Model.Based on the principle of specialized grading,marketing operation and flow management,and sticking to modern tobacco agriculture as command,industrial demand was as carrier.After 3 years operation of SGLP model,the results showed that the cost of grading was decreased and efficiency of grading and purchasing was improved,and was beneficial for the tobacco company providing uniform service and realizing the intensive management.

‘ Qianxi-1 ’ was a tobacco variety which was obtained from the variant plants of K326. It had passed by The Guizhou tobacco species approving officially the committee in 2008. It was tested to study the botany properties, economics properties, external quality, internal quality , cultural practice and so on, the results showed that: ‘ Qianxi-1 ’ grew uniformly and vigorously in field. It was resistant to weather spot/black shank, moderately resistant to brown spot/bacterial wilt. It had 2193.75 kg/hm 2 , 11.42 yuan/kg, 25052 yuan/hm 2 , superior leaves were 27.1%. The leaves of ‘ Qianxi-1 ’ featured full maturity and were easy to cure. The cured leaves were largely in gorden color, and high apparent quality. The contents of chemical components were appropriate, and the comprehensive evaluation of smoking was superior to K326. In short, ‘ Qianxi-1 ’ has good characters in botany and agronmy, strong resist, good adaptability, and it was easy to cultivate and flue dried.

采用倒置"W"9点取样法调查了贵州省烟地杂草发生危害情况。贵州省烟地杂草有30科74种,其中禾本科杂草12种,占16.22%;阔叶杂草60种,占81.08%;其他杂草2种,占2.70%。相对多度在10%以上的杂草分别是马唐、辣子草、狗尾草、尼泊尔蓼、旱稗、腺梗豨莶,为贵州省烟地杂草的优势种群。随着地区、海拔、土壤类型的不同,其杂草优势种群结构也不相同。

A new tobacco line "QianXi-1" was breeding from the variant plants of K326. It was tested in QianXi County, 2007. The variety of characters botany, economics traits, appearance quality and the inherent quality were studied. The results showed that the new line had good adaptability, favored fertile soil, and was easy to cure, resistant to black shank and granuville wilt,while it had higher leaf yield production value and ratio of the high and middle class leaf than tobacco variety of K326.