IntroductionAdequate education, employment, and services for autistic individuals contribute significantly to their and their parents’ quality of life. Services and support for adults are dramatically more limited than those for children. The main purpose of this study was to explore how parents perceive factors supporting/hindering access to services, and how they assess the quality of services.MethodsQualitative data provided by 12 parents via a semi-structured interview with a broader focus on parental quality of life and its factors were analyzed. Their autistic children were between 20 and 34 years of age. A thematic analysis was performed on parts of the narratives on their adult periods of life.ResultsA complex pattern of parental perception of supportive and hampering factors influencing access to services unfolded. The sparsity of services/activities and reliable information on them made the space for autonomous decisions on service take highly limited. Parents have modest expectations on quality of services, evaluating them along two key aspects: a safe, positive atmosphere, and communication between parents and professionals. Other aspects of individualized autism-specific support were not or just rarely mentioned.DiscussionParents perceive themselves as investing a lot of effort and resources in getting some form of regular service and/or activity for their adult child. However, these parental efforts often fail, their child becoming inactive, and dependent on their presence. This suggests system-level problems with services for autistic adults in Hungary, with literature showing it is not specific to this country.

Cultural differences may influence the psychosocial adaptation to prolonged isolation and confinement in extreme environments. Recent results showed that the temporal pattern of mood changes may also be affected by cultural differences. The aim of the study was to gain deeper insight into the structure and temporal patterns of group-related themes mentioned in the diaries of Antarctic winteroverers in two different stations with different national and organizational backgrounds. The diaries of the corresponding 8-8 French and British crew members of the Concordia and Halley VI research stations were subjected to content analysis. Method. A total of 18324 sentences were coded. In the first phase of the analysis, we identified 5 major thematic groups (Self focus, Group focus, Antarctica focus, Outworld focus, and Castoff sentences). One-third of these sentences were Group Focus, which were classified into 4 code groups, depending on whether the sentences referred to Experienced or Observed Comfort or Discomfort in the ingroup, respectively. These 4 code groups were subject to further analyses to test whether each code cluster showed a significant difference between British and French winteroverers during the 4 quarters of the mission. The Q3 phenomenon was also investigated. Results. Throughout all four quarters, the British crewmembers used significantly more Experienced Comfort sentences, while the French expressed significantly more Observed Discomfort sentences. Regarding the temporal patterns, the amount of Experienced Comfort sentences was significantly lower in the French diaries compared to the British diaries in the third quarter of the mission. Conclusions. Content analysis detected the impact of cultural differences on the composition and temporal pattern of social experiences of winterovering crews. It thus can diagnose and predict the psychodynamics of groups in isolated, confined, and extreme (ICE) environments, such as polar stations or long-duration missions in space.

Empirical evidence suggests that body ownership and the sense of agency operate as an interactive system correlated with the level of consciousness during tasks involving modifications in body representation. This study sought to elucidate the nature of this association by documenting the verbal manifestations of this interaction. Specifically, the study aimed to reveal the role of a sense of agency in the individual sensitivity to the Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI). The sense of agency was measured through a post hoc interview wherein participants could verbally express their rubber hand ownership and real hand disownership experiences following the RHI examination. The RHI was induced in 49 healthy, right-handed college volunteers, including 28 males (mean age 28.6) and 21 females (mean age 26.6). Three main scores - ownership, disownership, and proprioceptive drift - were defined to measure individual sensitivity to Rubber Hand Illusion. Verbal reports related to the RHI were analyzed utilizing an automated narrative content analysis toolkit which explored the deeper content of words and stories to identify situation-driven cognitive processes, specifically focusing on the rate of sense of agency and other cognitive variables. The findings indicated that a greater disruption in the sense of agency predicts increased sensitivity to the Rubber Hand Illusion. Therefore, individuals with a lower rate sense of agency exhibit increased malleability in body representation when a rubber hand illusion is induced.

This study evaluated the acute and chronic effects of intermittent and continuous Artificial Gravity (AG) on cognitive performance during 60 days of Head-down tilt bedrest (HDTBR), a well-established ground-based spaceflight analogue method. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: intermittent AG, continuous AG, and HDTBR control group without AG exposure. Task performance and electrophysiological measures of attention and working memory were investigated during Simple and Complex tasks in the Visual and the Auditory modality. Compared to baseline, faster reaction time and better accuracy was present during HDTBR regarding the Complex tasks, however, the practice effect was diminished in the three HDTBR groups compared to an ambulatory control group. Brain potentials showed a modality-specific decrease, as P3a was decreased only in the Auditory, while P3b decreased in the Visual modality. No evidence for acute or chronic AG-related cognitive impairments during HDTBR was found.

Although a number of studies have examined cognitive functions in space, the reasons behind the observed changes described by space research and anecdotal reports have not yet been elucidated. A potential source of cognitive changes is the cephalad fluid shift in the body caused by the lack of hydrostatic pressure under microgravity. These alterations can be modeled under terrestrial conditions using ground-based studies, such as head-down tilt bedrest (HDBR). In this review, we compare the results of the space and HDBR cognitive research. Results for baseline and in-flight/in-HDBR comparisons, and for baseline and post-flight/post-HDBR comparisons are detailed regarding sensorimotor skills, time estimation, attention, psychomotor speed, memory, executive functions, reasoning, mathematical processing, and cognitive processing of emotional stimuli. Beyond behavioral performance, results regarding brain electrical activity during simulated and real microgravity environments are also discussed. Finally, we highlight the research gaps and suggest future directions.

Background and aims: The article discusses the relationship paradigm in different therapeutic approaches by connecting intersubjective theories in psychoanalytic literature with the theories of embodiment in the cognitive field. Based on experiences of a training program, the aim is to present a feasible application of body-mind approaches not only in effective therapeutic relationships, but in other helping relationships as well. Methods: Korbai and Hoppál developed a 100-hour-long training program focusing on the application of various body awareness techniques to enhance the self-awareness and relationship competencies of professionals working with children. In this article, we present the aims and structure of the training program, together with some experiences of the first pilot course. Synthesis: Evaluating the program, we conclude that most of the short-term goals were reached, with the participants being able to integrate body awareness techniques into their own personal and professional lives at several levels. Discussion: When working in helping relationships, especially when working with children, professionals are responsible for their own physical and mental condition, which enables concentration, acceptance, attunement, authentic communication and other relationship

The use of video technology in perfecting athletic training has many benefits on performance.The aim of this study was to determine: (1) athletes' perception of the importance of bilateral skills in sports; (2) the prevalence of use of video feedback in individual skill development; and (3) athletes' attitude toward "mirrored" video self-modelling in four sports.A total of 20 elite athletes, from four popular team sports, were interviewed regarding the three issues using semi-structured interviews.The qualitative results indicate that bilateral skills are differently appreciated in the four team sports.They are perceived as the most important by soccer players, followed by basketball-and handball players and least important by the water polo players.These findings are in full synchrony with athletes' attitudes toward using mirrored video self-modelling.It emerges that the use of technology for developing bilateral skills, with the aim to improve sport performance, is currently sport specific and matches the actual worldwide ranking of the sports' popularity.

Background: Psychoactive substance use has often been claimed to help generate and facilitate the artistic creative process. Aims: This study explored the role of artists' substance use in their creative processes and their efforts to balance between enhancement and relaxation. Methods: Semistructured interviews concerning the artistic creative process and the role of psychoactive substance use were recorded with 72 artists and analyzed using content analysis. The participants were classified according to their substance use in three groups (Cannabis Group, Alcohol Group, and Control Group). Results: Results show that both alcohol and cannabis were used to facilitate creativity and the emotional states that are necessary for the artistic creative process. Participants in the Control group reported that listening to music might function as a mind-altering tool. It was also found that for some artists, substance use is not only characteristic to creation, but it is also part of their everyday lives. Conclusion: Artists are aware of the balancing phenomenon during the artistic creative process. Whether psychoactive substance(s) or other environmental stimuli (such as music) are used to reach the required effect appears to depend upon the individual.

•Diaries of two Antarctic winterovering crews were content analyzed.•The two settings showed different temporal patterns of emotional expression.•The third-quarter phenomenon was found at the French-Italian station Concordia.•Anger, not anxiety or sadness, was the strongest negative emotion in Concordia.•No time effects on emotionality were found at the British station Halley VI.

Tanulmányunk célja az volt, hogy megvizsgáljuk a pszichedelikus szerhasználat kreatív alkotók nyelvhasználatára gyakorolt hatásait.Félig strukturált interjúkat vettünk fel 60 művészszel

Jelen tanulmány alapja a Magyar Pszichológiai Társaság XXIV. Országos Tudományos Nagygyűlésén, Egerben elhangzott Mérei Ferenc-emlékelőadás. Konkrét célja, hogy áttekintést adjon az izolált kiscsoportok pszichológiai kutatásáról, ezen belül a földi űranalóg környezetekkel és valóságos űrutazókkal kapcsolatosan végzett pszichológiai tartalomelemzéses vizsgálatokról. Ennek során ismerteti a pszichológiai tartalomelemzés fő típusait – a tematikus, a pszichológiai konstruktum alapú, a narratív pszichológiai és – az esetenként többnyelvű – korpusznyelvészeti tartalomelemzést. Bemutatja ezek szemléletmódját és nyelvtechnológiai feltételeit, valamint a szerzők által végzett hazai és nemzetközi együttműködésben végzett kutatások néhány eredményét. Tágabb célja, hogy rávilágítson a pszichológiai tartalomelemzés számos területen történő alkalmazhatóságára.

The 520-day experimental simulation of an exploration mission provided an opportunity to apply content analysis for studying the patterns of crew--Control center (CC) communication impeded by lag times. The period of high autonomy was featured by drastic reduction of the number of crew questions and requests which was judged as a marker of adaptation to the simulated space mission environment. The "key" events in the experiment changed the content of crew messages radically attesting to misperception of time, emotional involvement, want of CC feedback and draining out negative emotions. After the period of high autonomy with full loss of communication with controllers the traffic of crew messages onto the outside was noted to become very light which could also point to temporal changes in the communication style developed in the conditions of isolation and autonomous existence.

Research on basic human motives (achievement, affiliation, and power) encoded at the emotional level recently returned to the forefront of scientific research. To date, there are only a few studies on the pattern of implicit motives of substance users, so the present study examined opiate users participating in methadone maintenance treatment (N = 80) along these dimensions, comparing them to 40 non-substance users. Participants were asked to create stories on the basis of the pictures of the Thematic Apperception Test. The stories were analyzed using the content analysis method of David Winter (1991). Like other substance user groups, opiate-dependent persons used less achievement and more affiliation notions in creating stories, while there was no significant difference between the two groups concerning power notions. The results proved to be independent of the presence of anxiety and depression symptoms, despite substance users reporting higher levels of these, and suggest that motivational factors are worth considering in treatment planning.