Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sponges exhibit low oil adsorption capacity due to their monolithic pore structure and limited surface area. Here, we present SDS-ZIF-67/PDMS composite sponges that overcome these limitations. ZIF-67 particles are incorporated into the PDMS matrix via a soft-templating approach, creating a submicron hierarchical pore structure and increasing the number of accessible adsorption sites. Surface functionalization with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) introduces long alkyl chains, modulating surface chemistry and enhancing selective affinity for oil molecules. The composite sponge exhibits a water contact angle of 135 degrees, reaches adsorption equilibrium within 6 min, and achieves 96% separation efficiency for various oils and oil-water mixtures. After 15 adsorption-desorption cycles, 87% of the initial adsorption capacity is retained, demonstrating exceptional cyclic stability. These findings underscore the potential of SDS-ZIF-67/PDMS composite sponges for efficient treatment of oily wastewater.

This study successfully developed Cu-Mn supported catalysts on fly ash geopolymer for the oxidative removal of toluene. The surface characteristics and catalytic performance of catalysts were systematically investigated in this paper. It was found that the Cu/Mn ratio plays a crucial role in determining the catalysts' performance, with the Geo-3 catalyst showing the highest toluene conversion rate of 90% at 296 ℃. The catalyst also exhibited the lowest activation energy of 123.0 kJ/mol, indicating its superior catalytic efficiency. The findings not only contribute to the development of cost-effective and efficient catalysts for VOCs degradation but also provide valuable insights into the influence of the Cu/Mn ratio on the catalytic properties of geopolymer-supported Cu-Mn catalysts. This research offers a promising approach for the abatement of VOCs in industrial emissions.

In this work, using fly ash and calcium carbide slag as mixed precursors, hydrogen peroxide and sodium dodecyl sulfate as mixed foaming agents, porous microsphere geopolymer was prepared by suspension curing technology to remove Cu (II) from aqueous solution. Because the Ca (OH) 2 in calcium carbide slag effectively improves the pozzolana activity of fly ash, more C-S-H gel is produced in the geopolymerization process, and the foaming process makes the material have larger specific surface area and better adsorption properties. The results show that the specific surface area of the material is 63.46 m2·g-1, the product regeneration rate is 83.20%, the optimal adsorption conditions are pH = 5, and the adsorption capacity was 118.48 mg·g-1. At the same time, it is found that the pseudo-first-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model can be applied to adsorption kinetics and isothermal adsorption respectively. Adsorption mechanisms may include physisorption and chemisorption. The adsorption capacity of this product for Cu(II) is better than that of other similar products, which has great potential in the field of heavy metal adsorption and provides a new idea for the resourceful use of industrial by-products.

In response to the high efficiency and economic degradation requirements of typical VOC pollutants benzene, this study synthesized a new type of rice husk-fly ash-based geopolymer microsphere (RFG) as an adsorbent through suspension solidification method, which was used to recover and enrich Cu(II) and Mn(III) from wastewater. The supported bimetallic oxide catalyst CuMnOx/RFG was successfully prepared by oxygen calcination of adsorption products. CuMn0.6Ox/RFG has a mesoporous structure and uniform distribution of Cu-Mn. At a mass space velocity of 4000 ml/(g · h), the benzene conversion rate is as high as 99.7

In this study, a ternary microsphere geopolymer composed of fly ash, calcium carbide slag, and rice husk ash was synthesized, with homemade rice husk ash-based water glass employed as a substitute for industrial water glass. Through a series of characterizations, it was confirmed that calcium carbide slag and rice husk ash promote geopolymerization and produce more hydrated calcium silicate (C-S-H) gels. The ternary microsphere adsorbent demonstrates potential cost-effective and efficient applications in heavy metal adsorption.

In this study, an inorganic-organic geopolymer adsorbent composed of fly ash (FA) and sodium polyacrylate (PAAS) was synthesized, and its adsorption performance for Pb2+ in wastewater was studied. The synthesis mechanism of FAG-PAAS composite was analyzed, and the results of static adsorption test showed that the adsorption kinetics of Pb2+ composite was more consistent with the quasi-first-order kinetics, and isothermal adsorption was more consistent with Langmuir model. A new type of green adsorbent prepared by suspension curing and UV polymerization of industrial solid waste and polymer resin can be used as one of the effective ways to improve benefits and reduce costs in the field of water treatment.

A magnetic graphene sponge composite material（PDMS/GO-Fe 3 O 4 ） with magnetic graphene（GO） micro nano graded rough structure was designed and prepared using porous polydimethylsiloxane（PDMS） as the matrix, its structure was characterized. The experimental results showed that the separation efficiency reached still over 90% after the adsorption/separation cycles of n-hexane emulsified oil for 6 times. The compressive stress-strain test showed that it could withstand the stress of 34 kPa under 60% compressive strain, and its properties remained basically unchanged after 15 cycles of compression, with good elastic and mechanical strength.

In this study, sethylenediamine-beta-cyclodextrin (ECD)-graphene oxide (GO) supermolecules were synthesized using ECD and GO as starting materials. The magnetic nano-adsorbent (ECD-GO/ Fe3O4) was prepared by hydrothermal loading Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Their structures and magnetic properties were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results showed that the mass ratios of ECD, GO and Fe3O4 nanoparticles were about 29.1%, 28.4% and 30.2%, respectively. TEM analysis showed that the ECD was spherical when loaded onto the sheet GO surface, and the diameter of ECD-GO/Fe3O4 was about 60-70 nm. According to VSM test, ECD-GO/Fe3O4 exhibits superparamagnetic properties with a saturation magnetization of 22 emu/g. The adsorbent was used for the removal of methylene blue (MB), and the adsorption process was fitted using adsorption isothermal model and kinetic model. The results show that the Freundlich model and pseudo-first-order model are more suitable to describe the adsorption process of MB on ECDGO/Fe3O4. Among them, the adsorption capacity is 53 mg/g, and after four cycles, the removal efficiency of MB is about 69%. The material has certain stability and durability, and the removal process can be successfully applied to the treatment of wastewater containing MB.

In this study, suspension curing technology was used to recover heavy metals from sewage by adsorption and calcination to synthesize adsorptive/catalytic dual-system materials. The results show that the maximum adsorption capacities of Cu2+ and Mn3+ are 126.310 mg/g and 85.296 mg/g, respectively, and the Freundlich model can explain the adsorption behavior. After calcination and regeneration of adsorbed products, strong interaction between the carrier and copper oxide and manganese oxide was produced. The catalytic property of benzene reached 99.7%, and the water resistance reached 82.5%, which realized the transformation of material properties. The development of this research provides a certain theoretical basis and a new realization way for the application of geopolymer materials.

In this paper, fly ash (FA) was successfully prepared into a honeycomb carbon-zeolite composite (CZC) with good adsorption and used for the removal of Pb(II) by a two-step method. Compared with general FA, the honeycomb structure of the CZC resulted in a ∼6× increase in the specific surface area, and the average pore size increased from 3.4 to 12.7 μm. The maximum adsorption capacity of CZCs for Pb(II) reached 185.68 mg/g in 40 min. The experimental data for the adsorption of Pb(II) by CZC showed that the results were in good agreement with the Langmuir adsorption model. The adsorbent prepared in this study has good application prospects in wastewater treatment and provides a new method for the resource recovery of FA.

The broad-spectrum bacteriostatic properties of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) components have been widely recognized. In this study, chitosan was selected as raw material, and silane was introduced by covalent and non-covalent bonding to yield a chitosan-based hydrogel film loaded with hops beta-acids. The structure of the obtained film was explored by Fourier infrared transform spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Mechanical performance assay revealed that the tensile strength (TS) of the film increased to 4.14 MPa after modification with silicon. The film had an inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus after loading with hops beta-acids, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 100 mu g/mL and 400 mu g/mL, respectively, against E. coli, and MIC and MBC of 50 mu g/mL and 200 mu g/mL, respectively, against S. aureus. Release experiments with beta-acids indicated that nanosilica promoted cumulative and delayed release of beta-acids due to the formation of covalent bonds with silicon. In addition, the obtained film displayed a remarkable ability to block ultraviolet rays. Results of antibacterial activity assay and SEM observations revealed that beta-acids led to disruption of membrane integrity and cell death. Molecular docking study of beta-acids was performed against beta-lactamases, FabI, FabH from both E. coli and S. aureus. This study lays the foundation for further exploration of the antibacterial mechanism of hops beta-acids and points towards the possibility of using beta-acids-loaded hydrogel films as an antiseptic material in the food industry.

In this study, magnetic fly ash was prepared with fly ash and nano-magnetic Fe3O4, obtained by co-precipitation. Then, a magnetic fly ash/polydimethylsiloxane (MFA@PDMS) sponge was prepared via simple dip-coating PDMS containing ethanol in magnetic fly ash aqueous suspension and solidifying, whereby Fe3O4 played a vital role in achieving the uniformity of the FA particle coating on the skeletons of the sponge. The presence of the PDMS matrix made the sponge super-hydrophobic with significant lubricating oil absorption capacity; notably, it took only 10 min for the material to adsorb six times its own weight of n-hexane (oil phase). Moreover, the MFA@PDMS sponge demonstrated outstanding recyclability and stability, since no decline in absorption efficiency was observed after more than eight cycles. Furthermore, the stress–strain curves of 20 compression cycles presented good overlap, i.e., the maximum stress was basically unchanged, and the sponge was restored to its original shape, indicating that it had good mechanical properties, elasticity, and fatigue resistance.

In this study, porous microsphere geopolymers were prepared by suspension curing method using fly ash (50 wt%) and calcium carbide slag (50 wt%) as mixed precursors and hydrogen peroxide and sodium dodecyl sulfate as mixed foaming agents, and the microscopic properties of fly ash-calcium carbide slag-based porous microsphere geopolymers were investigated and used as adsorbents for the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions. Ca(OH)2 in calcium carbide slag can effectively stimulate the volcanic ash activity of fly ash, which leads to a more adequate geopolymerization reaction and produces more calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gels. This process of foaming also resulted in very high specific surface area and surface adsorption energy of these gels, with results showing that the porous microsphere geopolymer had a specific surface area of up to 63.3393 m2·g-1. The effects of contact time and initial concentration on the adsorption capacity were investigated. The experimental results showed that the adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms were fitted by the pseudo-first-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of the spheres for Cu(II) was calculated by the isotherm model to be 118.471 mg·g-1. The results indicated that the porous microsphere geopolymer is an adsorbent material with high adsorption capacity.

In this study, a mixed precursor system of fly ash (50 wt%) and calcium carbide slag (50 wt%) was used to prepare a geopolymer, and the hydration and hardening mechanism of the whole system and the microscopic characterization of the calcium carbide-fly ash based polymer were investigated after the addition of calcium carbide slag. Ca(OH)2 in calcium carbide slag can effectively excite the volcanic ash activity of fly ash, which leads to a more adequate geopolymerization reaction and produces more hydrated calcium silicate (C-S-H) gels. These gels have very high specific surface area and surface adsorption energy. The results showed that the specific surface area of geopolymer was as high as 79.76 m2/g, and through the study of its adsorption capacity of Cu(II) in aqueous solution, the results showed that its removal efficiency of Cu(II) was 97.63% and its adsorption capacity was 58.58 mg/g. By using fly ash and calcium carbide slag as the auxiliary raw materials for the preparation of geopolymer, it not only can promote the reaction of proceeding, but can also act as an excellent adsorption material, and also as an effective way to utilize industrial waste resources.

该文以石墨烯为支撑,采用水热法合成了氢氧化镍/石墨烯(Ni(OH)2/GNS)复合材料,其扫描电镜、透射电镜、热重和X-射线粉末衍射表明,在复合材料中平均粒径约1.5 μm的花状微球Ni(OH)2均一地生长在石墨烯表面,形成了特殊的三维结构,其中石墨烯所占的质量分数约为20.1％;复合材料Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能研究表明其对Cr(Ⅵ)水溶液具有较好的吸附能力,最高去除率约达90％,实验饱和吸附量约为52.5 mg/g,准一级和准二级动力学模型拟合实验数据的相关系数分别为0.943和0.925,相差不大.吸附热力学过程符合Freundlich模型,常温下吸附过程能自发进行.

Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin graphene (HP-beta-CD-GO) supramolecules were prepared from Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and graphene oxide (GO), and loaded with nanoparticles of Fe3O4 by the hydrothermal method to obtain a magnetic nano-adsorbent HP-beta-CD-GO/Fe3O4. The structure and magnetic properties were characterized by FTIR, TGA, SEM and VSM. The results exhibited that the mass ratio of HP-beta-CD, GO and Fe3O4 nanoparticles was 35%, 25% and 40% respectively. SEM analysis revealed that HP-beta-CD was spherically loaded on the surface of flaky graphene, and the size of the magnetically modified nano-composite was about 140-170 nm. VSM test disclosed that HP-beta-CD-GO/Fe3O4 has superparamagnetic properties, the saturation magnetization of Fe3O4 was 62 emu/g, and after HP-beta-CD-GO modification the saturation magnetization decreases to 27 emu/g. The magnetic nanocomposite's adsorption property for Pb2+ and Cu(2+ )was examined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The effect of pH value, adsorption temperature, adsorption time, and other factors on the adsorption properties were considered and the optimum adsorption conditions were determined. The results showed that the maximum adsorption of Pb2+ and Cu2+ by HP-beta-CD-GO/Fe3O4 was 50.39 mg/g and 17.91 mg/ g, respectively. After five times of repetitive adsorption, the adsorption rates of Pb2+ and Cu2+ were above 85% respectively. The adsorption of Pb2+ and Cu2+ accords with the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model.

[目的]为了解决环境水体中钛酸酯类物质的污染问题.[方法]选择邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)作为目标物质,以经HNO3氧化改性结合金属离子浸渍改性的文冠果种仁壳基活性炭为吸附剂,考察吸附剂对DMP的吸附效果.[结果]经HNO3氧化改性后再进行金属离子浸渍改性的文冠果种仁壳基活性炭(记为PACNMn2+)可较大幅度地提高其对水体中DMP的吸附去除率,且Mn2+浸渍改性效果较好,其DMP去除率可达88.21％.[结论]PACN-Mn2+对水体中DMP去除率受溶液pH的影响较大,最佳pH范围在3.04 ～5.75之间.动力学初步研究发现其吸附过程符合二级动力学模型.

Response surface methodology was used for optimizing the ultrasound-assisted extraction technology of water-soluble polysaccharides from fruit of Capparis spinosa L..Based on single factor experiment,extraction temperature,extraction time and liquid-solid ratio were selected as influencing factors.The experiment mathematical model was arranged according to Box-Behnken central composite design.The optimum extraction conditions were as follows:extraction temperature of 85℃,extraction time of 89min,liquid-solid ratio of 30∶1(mL∶g).Under above conditions,the extraction rate of water-soluble polysaccharides was 8.89%.It was found that hydroxyl free radical(·OH)and superoxide anion free radical(·O-2)were cleaned obviously by Capparis spinosa L.water-soluble polysaccharides,which had significant antioxidant activity.

Response surface methodology was used for optimizing the extraction process of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge seeds oil.Based on single factor experiments,the mathematical model was arranged according to Box-Behnken central composite design.The optimum extraction process was investigated by response surface methodology with extraction temperature,extraction time,liquid-material ratio as influencing factors,the extraction rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge seeds oil as index. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows:extraction temperature was 58 ℃,extraction time was 31 min,liquid-material ratio was 6∶1(mL∶g).Under above conditions,the average extraction rate was 59.58%,which was in good agreement with the predicted counterpart.

A novel allyl biphenyl ether(ABE)-acrylamide(AM)-acrylic acid(AA) terpolymer was synthesized by emulsion polymerization with ABE as the hydrophobic monomer,lauryl sodium sulfate as the surfactant and azodiisobutyronitrile as the initiator.Water-soluble sulfonated terpolymers with different sulfonated degree were synthesized with concentrated sulfuric acid and oleum as the sulfonating agents.The terpolymer and sulfonated terpolymers were characterized by means of FTIR,1H NMR and TG.The results show that the sulfonated terpolymers contain the units of ABE,AM and sulfonic groups.The influence of the sulfonic groups on the thermal stability of the sulfonated terpolymers is little.The solubility of both the terpolymer and the sulfonated terpolymers,and the properties of their solutions were studied.The results indicate that the sulfonated terpolymer with the sulphonated degree of 0.56 possesses a good tackability.The sulfonated terpolymer has obvious critical association feature and exhibits better temperature-tolerance and salt-resistance due to the introduction of ABE.