处于创新网络中心位置的核心企业凭借其资源优势自然而然会对非核心企业发挥影响力和控制力,对整个创新网络产生重大影响,而处于边缘位置的非核心企业的作用也不容忽视.本研究通过对创新网络非核心企业学习意图对于知识反哺的影响研究发现,非核心企业学习意图越明显,其对核心企业的知识反哺越明显.这其中,非核心企业的吸收能力的四个维度起到部分中介作用,非核心企业和核心企业的关系质量会起到调节作用.

In this paper, a “by transit accessibility (BTA)” measure to evaluate the impacts of travel distance and transfer tolerance on the convenience of commuting by transit on a regional scale is proposed. Considering the spatiotemporal factors for commuting efficiency evaluation, the timetable-dependent passenger carrying capacity of the transit station and the time-varying passenger demand at originating sites have been formulated into the BTA model. Moreover, the proposed BTA measure could reflect the commuting trip demand elasticity, which is caused by travel distance and transfer tolerance. In the meantime, this BTA measure can provide an important basis for transit timetable adjustment in the study area during different time periods. The proposed measure is tested on a small transit network to display its function, and finally, it is applied to an empirical case to draw practical findings.

近年来,中国对哈萨克斯坦投资规模不断扩大,随之而来的一个显著问题就是投资活动中潜在的法律风险日显突出.本文梳理了哈萨克斯坦涉及外商投资以及财税政策方面的最新的法律法规及存在的问题,对比分析了中国与哈萨克斯坦之间经贸合作法律的异同,为中国企业在哈萨克斯坦进行投资决策提出了一些可行性建议,为丝绸之路经济带的持续发展提供参考.

For developing a sustainable and low-carbon-oriented green transportation system, a major principle is to encourage walking, promote public transport, and reduce car dependence. However, as stated in existing literature, travel behavior and transportation choices are closely related to urban form and built environment. Therefore cities need to consider more than just road networks and vehicles while they attempt to solve transportation problems. It is necessary to examine the urban form and built environment that may force people to drive. For doing so, a city-wide evaluation of the walking accessibility, the availability of public transport, and the potential car dependence will be helpful. By taking the city of Xiamen, China, as a case study, based on a variety of data from different authorities, and with the aid of ArcGIS software, this presented study has attempted to conduct such a city-wide evaluation and has generated some useful information for both public transport and urban facility providers by illustrating the spatial patterns and indentifying the problematic areas. The empirical results show that: (1) there are distinct spatial disparities of walking accessibility, bus availability, and potential car dependence across the space of the city; (2) in general, the worst areas of walking accessibility are also the worst areas of bus availability, hence make the worst situation of car dependence as well; (3) the old central area of the city is comparatively in the best situation, while the vast newly developed areas outside the Xiamen Island are left behind as disadvantaged areas in terms of urban services and public transportation. The problems found in an individual city, such as the case study city, can also reveal some important features associated with wider dynamics in China’s cities. Besides, the methodology developed in this research might also provide a kind of reference for other studies.

Valuing the built environment with the support of GIS and housing price model is an interesting topic because it connects the spatial thinking with economic concerns. In this paper, we chose the ordinary commercial housing in Xiamen City as our research targets, and the technology of GIS and Hedonic price model were used. Xiamen city is a typical coastal city, and from the research result, we found that the distribution of higher housing price was kept consistent with the coastal areas of Xiamen city. Besides, the average housing price of Xiamen inner-island (the old urban island area) was far higher than the outer-island. To reveal the degree of different spatial elements affecting housing price, we chose 21 variables (three types: location characteristic, structure characteristic and neighbourhood characteristic) and measured them in GIS platform. The Hedonic model showed that the main elements that influencing the price of commodity housings in Xiamen included Property Management Fee, Distance to Commercial Center, Distance to Hospital, Distance to Primary School, Near Village or Not, Near Green space or Not, Near kindergarten or Not. At the end of the paper, we provided three suggestions to balance the spatial variation of housing price in Xiamen City.

Common tunnel system is an important infrastructure guaranteeing sustainable development capacity of urban and has become a kind of trend and fashion to renew and transform urban infrastructure modernization and urban construction modernization. Out-of-order installation of various pipes led to many problems during urban development such as repeat excavation of urban roads; disorder development of underground space; underground resource waste and continual engineering accidents. This paper takes Qianjiang New Central Business District in Hangzhou China as an example to prove that reasonable planning and layout of common tunnel can provide favorable guarantee for the overall construction of municipal facilities in urban core area.

Cities are critical battlefronts in the struggle to mitigate climate change crisis. Urban planning is widely recognized as an important policy and technology tool for the low-carbon development of cities. However, the methods of integrating low-carbon concept into the existing planning system and practices have yet to be studied. More cases are still needed to examine the existing wisdom. By taking the Chinese city of Xiamen as a case study, this study attempts to show a city's efforts to make itself "a low-carbon city in China" in the field of urban planning,to sketch out the general governance framework that make those efforts work, and meanwhile to analyse the problems existing in the process, in the hope of providing some references for those who are concerned about low carbon city development.

Notice of Retraction After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE's Publication Principles. We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper. The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting TPII@ieee.org. As most metropolis in other countries, Shenzhen of China is facing with serious parking problems. It is necessary for Shenzhen to construct underground parking space by analyzing current situation of Shenzhen parking demand; This paper proposed that underground parking demand of different land can be achieved through research on four aspects i.e., the same land nature in different regions, the different land nature in the same regions, the buildings of the same structures in different regions, the building of the same structures with different functions, and division of demand proportion unit of underground parking by building location, the land nature, the construction quota of parking. The reasonability Shenzhen underground parking planning can be verified by the above mention method.

Motivated by a problem in the commodity transportation, a mathematical model is developed to calculate capacity of single-commodity network when the time reliability levels of transporting commodity between origin-destination pairs are constrained. We use a hybrid intelligent algorithm, in which genetic algorithm is embedded with Monte Carlo simulation to solve the optimization model. In the hybrid intelligent algorithm, the genetic algorithm is used to report the best path flow solutions and the Monte Carlo simulation is to check the feasibility of the chromosomes of genetic algorithm. With a computational experiment, the fact that network capacity decreases with the increase of the transportation time reliability level is validated. The efficacies of the developed procedures are examined by comparing the computational times of solving algorithm with that of previous work.

本文通过概述我国地方政府行政问责制的发展过程,分析了目前地方行政问责制中的4S现状分析,即Subject、Scope、System和Standard,进而提出了通过强化异体问责,实现问责主体的多元化;明确问责范围,拓宽问责领域;健全法律体系,克制问责制度缺陷等途径来完善我国地方政府行政问责制,全面追究政府责任,监督政府职能。

The sites has connotation of history and the value of culture.The conservation of sites not only included the site's self,but also the environment of site's periphery which through the effective means of planning.As the example of Xi'an Tang King Market,this article analyzed the space environment and human environment,has paid attention to the history human environment of site's periphery and the effect in city culture inheriting of the sitting.

企业IT部门职位按照职能可以划分为通用支持服务、业务应用和运营应用三大族群,通过对IT人员的战略专业能力和岗位KPI支持能力进行分析,构建了企业IT人员专业胜任力模型,分析研究表明该模型由27个胜任力所构成的5大类胜任力模块组成:IT通用能力、IT领导能力、项目管理、应用管理、服务交付和运营。

According to the analysis of current transportation status in urban center area of china and the prediction of contradictions to be faced in the future, the author considers that the road tunnels will be a new method to resolve traffic problems in urban center area In this paper, through the analysis of road tunnels in urban center of both China and foreign countries, the author investigates and summaries the reasons of underground traffic system construction and pointed out development modes of urban road tunnels system of China in the future.

随着社会的发展进步,人类的生存环境也受到越来越多的污染。在人们日益重视环保问题的情况下,服装企业必须走环保服装之路才能立于不败之地。本文从环保材料和环保加工工艺方面对环保服装的开发进行了探索,并提出了相应的推广方案。

借助于城市体系的相关理论分析了自然科学基金资金面上项目的分布法则,并且对各学科基金分布的空间差异以及离散度进行了测度。发现自然科学基金的分布比现有城市体系更符合城市的位序-法则(Rank-Size Rule),在面上基金获得方面,东南部城市表现更优异。这预示将来南方城市会进一步增强自己在中国创新体系中的地位。学科分布方面,根据方差公式得出:信息科学、地球科学、工程与材料科学、化学科学在空间分布上比较分散,其它学科基金分布相对集中。

信贷信用风险管理是现代银行业理论与实务研究的核心课题之一,信用风险评价与比较作为银行信贷决策的重要理论依据,愈发引起商业银行的重视。银行在运用线性沃尔评级法时面临当两个企业财务指标各有优势互有长短时该评级法失效的困境。为了解决这一问题,本文提出"雷达模型信用评级法",引入信用密度函数的概念,以财务指标在雷达图中围成的闭合区域和信用密度函数的乘积作为考核对象的信用得分的依据,以此解决沃尔评级法的失效问题。

The design of judicial complex building of Xiangfan Intermediate People's Court combines with the special historic background and local architecture characteristics of the city,while adopts modern method to interpret the soul of legal system as order and equity by building entity.This article takes the design as the example,explores the harmonious combination of law culture with western background and Chinese traditional culture,and provides some experiences for judicial building design.

Transportation demand and supply imbalance is the root cause of urban traffic problem It is necessary to solve this problem by comprehensive considering the supply and demand of both ground transportation and underground transportation system. The paper analysis the factors affecting underground parking demand and supply to establish an underground parking demand and supply model. Combining with the constraints of under-ground parking demand and supply, an optimal solution of demand ratio for the underground parking can be got by mathematical methods of decreasing iterative algorithm, then the relationship between demand and supply of underground parking can be determined to achieve the balance of underground parking demand and supply.

The exploitation of energy resources plays an extraordinarily important role in Yulin's rapid construction and development.Through investigation and study on industrial structure,function of town,population and urbanization,and ecological security of Yulin,this paper states the profound impact of energy and salt and chemical industry base on the economy,society of Yulin and also points out the necessity for urban planning improvement.After that,it tries to confirm the function of Yulin and make several valuable suggestions on this city's urban planning,hoping it will harmoniously develop with energy and salt and chemical industry base construction.