Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has shown promising results in addressing antisocial and criminal behaviors. This quasiexperimental study with a control group and repeated measures design was conducted to investigate the effects of the ACT-based intervention on psychological flexibility, empathy, and anger in adolescents involved in crime. The study sample consisted of 24 adolescents who had previously been involved in a forensic investigation. Among them, 12 were assigned to the intervention group, and 12 were assigned to the control group. While the participants in the intervention group underwent the ACT-based intervention one session per week for six weeks, the participants in the control group underwent no intervention. Measurements were conducted at four different times: before the intervention, after the intervention, at the one-month follow-up and at the three-month follow-up. The findings indicated that the intervention based on the ACT significantly increased psychological flexibility in adolescents involved in crime, and these improvements were sustained at both follow-up assessments. The empathy scores, including emotional and cognitive empathy scores, gradually increased over time in the intervention group, whereas they remained stable or slightly decreased in the control group. With respect to anger, the adolescents in the intervention group presented decreases in trait anger and anger-out expression, along with increases in anger control. No improvements were observed in the control group, and in some cases, the outcomes worsened over time. The positive changes achieved through the intervention were largely maintained during the follow-up period. These results suggest that ACT may be an effective therapeutic approach for addressing behavioral and emotional difficulties in this disadvantaged population. ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN11760715. Registered on 20 October 2025. Retrospectively registered.

Caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia face emotional and psychological challenges that affect their subjective well-being (SWB). Despite their vital role, caregiver-focused interventions are limited. Structured programs that promote SWB by strengthening communication and psychosocial skills are needed to support caregivers effectively. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the “Communication Skills-Focused Psychoeducation Program(CSFP)”,which was developed to improve the SWB of caregivers of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. It was conducted in an experimental design with randomization, two intervention groups, and one control group, with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up measurements. First, caregivers completed assessments on Subjective Well-Being scale (SWBS), communication skills (CSS), and caregiving burden (ZBI). Afterward, 72 caregivers were randomly assigned to three groups: CSFP, General Psychoeducation (GEP), and control. The CSFP-group received an 8-week, the GEP-group received a 5-week psychoeducation program, and the control group continued routine treatment. The effects of the intervention were evaluated immediately after the intervention and at the 1st and 3rd months of follow-up. Results showed a statistically significant difference between the pre-intervention and post-intervention SWBS mean scores of CSFP participants, as well as between pre-intervention and follow-up scores. In comparisons between groups, CSFP participants showed significantly higher SWBS mean scores than GEP participants immediately after the intervention, but no significant differences were found in the follow-up stages. Additionally, CSFP participants had significantly higher SWBS mean scores than the control group both post-intervention and at the 3rd month follow-up stage, though no significant difference was found at the 1st month follow-up stage. These findings show that both interventions are effective in enhancing caregivers’ SWB, with CSFP providing longer-lasting effects. Future studies should further examine the effectiveness of these interventions and explore how they can be adapted to different groups. Additionally, integrating CSFP into psychosocial and rehabilitation programs could be beneficial in reducing caregiver burden and improving care outcomes. ClinicalTrials.gov İdentifier: NCT05068765, (Registered on 5 October 2021) (https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/beta/records).

Objectives: Insufficient physical activity, which is one of the unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, is more common in individuals diagnosed with psychiatric disorders. This experimental study aimed to examine the effect of psychiatric nurses' counseling role on improving exercise behavior in individuals diagnosed with psychiatric disorders through the TTM framework. Methods: This randomized controlled trial, with pretest, posttest, and follow-up assessments, included 61 patients from a community mental health center (intervention, n=30; control, n=31). The study data were collected using the "Information Form", "Exercise Change Stages Scale", "Exercise Processes of Change Scale", "Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale", and "Exercise Decisional Balance Scale". Results: The proportion of participants in the "preparation" phase after the intervention increased (n=15, 48.4%) in the intervention group, while the rate of participants in the "preparation" phase remained the same in the control group (n=8, 26.7%).The intervention group showed increases in the "Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale" and "Exercise Decisional Balance Scale" pros scores from baseline to post-intervention, with these gains persisting at follow-up. As a result, it was observed that the counseling role of psychiatric nurses through the Transtheoretical Model was effective in improving exercise behavior and physical health conditions of individuals diagnosed with psychiatric disorders. Conclusion: The counseling role of psychiatric nurses based on the Transtheoretical Model has been found to be effective in improving exercise behavior among individuals diagnosed with psychiatric disorders, thereby reducing risks associated with physical illnesses. Additionally, the findings suggest that Transtheoretical Model-based counseling can be effectively utilized in the independent practices of psychiatric nurses, thereby strengthening their counseling role.

Microaggressions against individuals with mental illness represent a pervasive form of discrimination that negatively impacts individuals' mental health and well-being. These microaggressions, defined as brief and commonplace verbal, behavioural, or environmental indignities, often convey derogatory messages to marginalized groups, including those with mental health issues. The subtle yet damaging nature of these interactions can lead to profound psychological consequences, including increased anxiety, depression, and social isolation. Understanding the societal and cultural contexts that shape these experiences is essential for developing effective interventions that address the unique needs of individuals with mental illness. In this context, this study, planned as a descriptive and cross-sectional research design, aimed to determine the levels of microaggression and the affecting factors towards individuals with mental illness in the general population. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 312 individuals using purposive sampling method over the age of 18 who were reached via an online questionnaire and agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected by sociodemographic data form, Religious Worldview Scale, Ethnocultural Empathy Scale, Microaggressions Towards Mental Illness Scale. As a result of the regression analysis, female gender, high economic status, and religious beliefs were found to be significant predictors of microaggression towards mental illnesses.

Bu araştırmanın amacı ev merkezli gerçekleştirilen paylaşımlı okuma uygulamalarının (diyaloğa dayalı okuma ve yazı referanslı okuma) 5 yaş çocuklarının dil ve erken okuryazarlık becerilerine etkisinin incelenmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırma ön test-son test kontrol gruplu deneysel model olarak modellenmiş olup çalışma grubunu 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılında Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı’na bağlı olan bir okulda öğrenim görmekte olan 5 yaş grubu 31 çocuk oluşturmaktadır. Deney 1 grubu (n=8) ile diyaloğa dayalı okuma (DD) ve Deney 2 grubu (n=7) ile yazı referanslı okuma (YR) gerçekleştirilmiş; Deney 3 grubu (n=6) deneysel işlem süresince herhangi bir okuma tekniği kullanmadan aynı kitapları okumuş, Kontrol grubuna (n=7) ise herhangi bir işlem uygulanmamıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Anne Bilgi Formu, Türkçe Erken Dil Gelişim Testi (TEDİL) ve Erken Okuryazarlık Becerilerini Değerlendirme Aracı (EOBDA) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda DD uygulamalarının alıcı dil becerileri üzerindeki en etkili teknik olduğu ortaya konmuştur. DD uygulamalarının öyküyü anlama, YR uygulamalarının yazı farkındalığı üzerindeki en etkili teknik olduğu ortaya konmuştur.

AimTo describe the self-reported mental health of nurses from 35 countries who worked during the COVID-19 pandemic.BackgroundThere is little occupationally specific data about nurses' mental health worldwide. Studies have documented the impact on nurses' mental health of the COVID-19 pandemic, but few have baseline referents.MethodsA descriptive, cross-sectional design structured the study. Data reflect a convenience sample of 9,387 participants who completed the opt-in survey between July 31, 2022, and October 31, 2023. Descriptive statistics were run to analyze the following variables associated with mental health: Self-reports of mental health symptoms, burnout, personal losses during the pandemic, access to mental health services, and self-care practices used to cope with pandemic-related stressors. Reporting of this study was steered by the STROBE guideline for quantitative studies.ResultsAnxiety or depression occurred at rates ranging from 23%-61%, with country-specific trends in reporting observed. Approximately 18% of the sample reported experiencing some symptoms of burnout. The majority of nurses' employers did not provide mental health support in the workplace. Most reported more frequently engaging with self-care practices compared with before the pandemic. Notably, 20% of nurses suffered the loss of a family member, 35% lost a friend, and 34% a coworker due to COVID-19. Nearly half (48%) reported experiencing public aggression due to their identity as a nurse.ConclusionsThe data obtained establish a basis for understanding the specific mental health needs of the nursing workforce globally, highlighting key areas for service development.Implications for nursing policyHealthcare organizations and governmental bodies need to develop targeted mental health support programs that are readily accessible to nurses to foster a resilient nursing workforce.

OBJECTIVES:This study investigated the effects of a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on the resilience and well-being of intensive care unit (ICU) nurses. METHODS:This randomized study was conducted with a control group design and repeated measures. A total of 44 nurses participated in the study, (22 intervention and 22 control groups). Data were collected using an information form and scales measuring psychological resilience and psychological well-being. The intervention group participated in an 8-week online MBSR program. Each session lasted 90 min. The control group received a minimal intervention consisting of a single 90-minute information session on mindfulness. RESULTS:The MBSR intervention improved the nurses' resilience scores (p < 0.05). Comparison of psychological well-being scores revealed significant differences in the intervention group by time and in the control group. CONCLUSIONS:MBSR is a useful intervention to improve the psychological resilience and well-being of intensive care nurses. It is recommended to perform MBSR at regular intervals to improve the quality of ICU care and reduce the risk of professional burnout by strengthening the coping skills of ICU nurses. IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE:MBSR increases ICU nurses' resilience and well-being by reducing stress, improving emotional regulation, and promoting a supportive work environment, which has significant clinical potential for critical care.

Background: Being subjected to or witnessing coercive measures in mental health services can have a negative impact on service users, carers and professionals, as they most often are experienced as dehumanising and traumatic. Coercion should be avoided, but when it does happen, it is important to understand how the experience can be processed so that its consequences are managed. Method: A systematic review and meta-ethnography was used to synthesise findings from qualitative studies that examined service users’, staff’s and relatives’ experiences of recovery from being exposed to coercive measures in mental health care settings. We identified, extracted and synthesised, across 23 studies, the processes and factors that were interpreted as significant to process the experience. Results: Recovery from coercion is dependent on a complex set of conditions that support a sense of dignity and respect, a feeling of safety and empowerment. Being in a facilitating environment, receiving appropriate information and having consistent reciprocal communication with staff are the means through which these conditions can be achieved. People employ strategies to achieve recovery, both during and after coercion, to minimise its impact and process the experience. Conclusions: The findings point to the importance of mental health care settings offering recovery-oriented environments and mental health professionals employing recovery-oriented practices, that would empower service users to develop strategies for managing their mental distress as well as their experiences in mental health care in a way that minimises traumatisation and fosters recovery.

Psikiyatri kliniklerine hasta kabulü, bir dizi önemli faktörü içeren bir süreçtir. Psikiyatri kliniklerine hasta kabulü istemli veya zorunlu olabilmektedir. Bununla birlikte psikiyatri kliniklerinde hastalar kısıtlayıcı ve yapılandırılmış bir ortamda tedavi görürler. Bu koşullar altında hastalar için güvenli bir ortamın oluşturulması, hastanın ve yakınlarının bilgilendirilmesi, refakatçi uygulaması, fiziksel tespit uygulamaları ve psikoeğitim gibi unsurlar ortamın tedavi ediciliğini arttırmaktadır. Psikiyatri kliniklerinde hasta kabulü ve terapötik ortamın oluşturulmasında psikiyatri hemşirelerine önemli roller düşmektedir. Hastanın karşılaşabileceği engeller ve sınırlamalar, hasta ve yakınlarına gerekçeleriyle birlikte anlatılmalıdır. Bu, hastanın güvenini sağlamak ve tedavi sürecine uyumunu artırmak için önemlidir. Psikiyatri kliniklerinde hasta kabulü sırasında, hastaların ve yakınlarının özerkliği de dikkate alınmalıdır. Psikiyatri kliniklerinin kendine özgü kısıtlayıcı doğası göz önüne alındığında ortamın güvenliğin sağlanması, yapılandırılması, sınır ve kuralların uygulanması ortamın iyileştiriciliğini sağlamaktadır ve hemşirelere terapötik ortamın sağlanmasında önemli roller düşmektedir. Bu bölümün amacı psikiyatri kliniklerine hasta kabulü ve terapötik ortamın oluşturulmasında hemşirelik rol ve girişimlerini açıklamaktır

During the high school period covering adolescence, factors such as exam stress, adaptation to adolescence, and social media may cause adolescents to engage in bad eating behaviors and have a negative attitude towards their own bodies. This experimental study aimed to evaluate the effect of (short) mindfulness interventions on high school students eating habits and body image. The sample consisted of a total of 60 tenth grade students (intervention group n = 30, control group n = 30) studying at a high school in Istanbul. The Information Form, the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, the Body Appreciation Scale and the Body Image Coping Strategies Inventory were used to collect the data. The in-group comparisons of pretest, posttest, and follow-up scores of the intervention group indicated an increase in the restrained eating behavior, body appreciation, and positive rational acceptance scores and a decrease in the emotional-external eating, appearance fixing, and avoidance scores (p < 0.001). The inter-group comparisons indicated that the posttest and follow-up restrained eating, body appreciation, positive rational acceptance scores of the intervention group were high (p < 0.05) but that their emotional-external eating, appearance fixing, and avoidance scores were low compared to the control group (p < 0.05). It was determined that the mindfulness intervention could be effective on high school students' eating habits, body appreciation, and body image coping strategies. It is recommended that technique is used to prepare teenagers to the changes occurred in their bodies, to reduce stress and negative attitudes towards themselves and their bodies, and ensure that they become aware of themselves. Improving health and mental health in adolescents, regulating eating habits, self-acceptance and coping mechanisms will benefit adolescents not only during adolescence but throughout their entire lives. Although the school is a suitable environment to improve the mental health of students, developmental interventions can be added to the curriculum, and families and teachers can be informed on these issues. Improving mental health in adolescents, regulating eating habits, self-acceptance and coping mechanisms will benefit adolescents not only during adolescence but throughout their entire lives. For this reason, this study was carried out within the scope of intervention for the healthy development of adolescents.

Psikiyatrik gözlem, psikiyatrik birimlerde gerçekleştirilen bir süreçtir ve hastaların davranışlarını, duygusal durumlarını ve düşüncelerini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılan bir gözlem yöntemidir. Bu gözlem süreci, hastaların psikiyatrik değerlendirmelerinin yapılmasına ve uygun tedavi planlarının oluşturulmasına yardımcı olur. Psikiyatrik gözlem, hastaların günlük aktivitelerini, sosyal etkileşimlerini, uyku düzenlerini ve genel sağlık durumlarını da içerir. Psikiyatri hemşiresi, psikiyatrik gözlem sürecinde önemli bir rol oynar. Hemşireler, hastaların günlük aktivitelerini takip eder, ilaçlarını düzenli olarak alıp almadıklarını kontrol eder ve yan etkileri izler. Ayrıca, hastaların duygusal durumlarını ve düşüncelerini değerlendirir ve bu bilgileri doktorlarla paylaşır. Bu sayede, hastaların düzenli ilaç kullanımını kontrol etmek, semptomları izlemek ve gerektiğinde müdahale etmek mümkün olur. Sonuç olarak, psikiyatrik gözlem, psikiyatrik birimlerde hastaların davranışlarını, duygusal durumlarını ve düşüncelerini değerlendirmek için kullanılan bir yöntemdir. Bu bölümde, psikiyatrik gözlem ve psikiyatrik gözlemde hemşirelik uygulamaları ve rollerinin açıklanması amaçlanmıştır

Ruh sağlığı, bireyin kendisi ve çevresi ile denge ve uyum içinde olmasıdır. Ruhsal bozukluğu olan bireyde ise belirgin bir sıkıntı olmakta ve işlevsellik alanlarında yetersizlik görülmektedir. Bu sıkıntı ve yetersizlikler bireylerde zaman zaman görülebilmektedir. Bir bireyde ruhsal bozukluk tanısı olması için bu özelliklerin sürekli ya da tekrarlayıcı olması, verimli çalışmayı etkilemesi ve toplum uyumunun bozulması gerekmektedir. Ruhsal bozukluklarının önlenmesi, tanı ve tedavisi ile ilgilenen tıp dalına psikiyatri denir. Psikiyatri, sadece ilaçlarla sınırlı kalmayıp aynı zamanda davranış şekillendirme, psikoterapi gibi yaklaşımları da kullanmaktadır. Ruh sağlığı ve psikiyatri hemşireliği ise bilgi, deneyim, hemşirelik becerisi ve bilimsel verileri birleştirerek bunları hasta bakımı verirken kullanan bir hemşirelik alanıdır. Ruh sağlığı ve psikiyatri hemşireliği dersi birey, aile ve toplumun ruh sağlığının korunması, geliştirilmesi, ruh sağlığını etkileyen riskli durumların belirlenmesi, ruhsal bozuklukların görülme sıklığı, oluşma nedenleri, belirtileri, tedavisi, rehabilitasyonu ve bunlara yönelik hemşirelik bakımında ruh sağlığı ve psikiyatri hemşiresinin rol, işlev ve sorumlulukları ile ilgili bilgileri kapsar. Bu ders üçüncü akademik ders yılının birinci ve ikinci dönemlerinde haftalık dört saat kuramsal, dört saat laboratuvar ve sekiz saat klinik uygulaması olan lisans düzeyinde bir hemşirelik dersidir. Dersin amacı, öğrencilere, dünyada ve ülkemizde görülen ruh sağlığı sorunları ve ruhsal bozukluklar hakkında bilgi vererek ruh sağlığı ve psikiyatri hemşireliğinin rol, işlev ve sorumlulukları ile ilgili bilgi ve beceri kazandırmaktır. Dersin öğrenme çıktıları aşağıda belirtilmiştir. • Ruh sağlığı ve psikiyatri hemşireliğinin temel kavramlarını, ilkelerini ve tarihsel gelişim sürecini kavrar; bireyin, ailenin ve toplumun ruh sağlığı ile ilgili profilini bilir. • Ruhsal bozukluğu olan bireylerle kurulacak olan terapötik ilişki ve iletişim ile ilgili bilgi ve beceri kazanır. • Ruh sağlığının korunması, geliştirilmesi, sürdürülmesi ve ruh sağlığının bozulması halinde, bakım ve rehabilitasyonu ile ilgili bilgi ve beceri kazanır. • Ruhsal bozukluklarda görülen davranışsal göstergeleri tanır, bilir ve kavrar, ruhsal bozukluklarda uygulanan tedaviler ile ilgili bilgi ve beceri kazanır. • Ruhsal bozukluğu olan bireylerde görülen hemşirelik sorunlarını belirler, bunlara yönelik yapılacak girişimleri hemşirelik modelleri doğrultusunda uygular. • Psikiyatrinin özel alanları ve bunlara yönelik hemşirelik bakımı ile ilgili bilgi ve beceri kazanır. Dersin klinik uygulaması, öğrencilere birey, aile ve toplumun ruh sağlığının korunması, ruh sağlığını etkileyen risklerin belirlenmesi, oluşan ruhsal bozuklukların tedavisi ve rehabilitasyonuna yönelik hemşirelik bakımının planlanması, gerekli girişimlerin uygulanması, değerlendirilmesi ile ilgili ruh sağlığı ve psikiyatri hemşireliği bilgi, beceri ve anlayışını kazandırarak bunu uygulama alanına aktarabilme olanağı sağlamaktadır. Klinik uygulamanın hedefleri aşağıda belirtilmiştir. • Ruhsal sorunlar açısından riskli grupların sorunlarını saptar ve uygun hemşirelik girişimlerini planlar, • Ruh sağlığı ve psikiyatri hemşireliği kuramsal bilgisinin ışığında bulunduğu kliniğin terapötik ortamını değerlendirir, • Ruhsal bozukluğu olan bireyin hemşirelik sorunlarını saptar, GİRİŞ X XI • Ruhsal bozukluğu olan bireyin fiziksel sağlık sorunlarını belirler, • Ruhsal bozukluğu olan bireyin ruhsal ve fiziksel sağlık sorunlarına yönelik planladığı hemşirelik girişimlerini uygular ve sonuçlarını değerlendirir, • Ruhsal bozukluğu olan bireylerin tedavisi ile ilgili güncel yaklaşımları gözler ve buna yönelik hemşirelik bakımını uygular, • Hasta ve hasta ailesinin eğitim gereksinimlerini belirler, buna yönelik yapılan eğitim programlarına katılır veya planlama yapar, • Multidisipliner yaklaşım kavramını önemser ve diğer ekip elemanları ile iş birliği yapar, • Ruhsal bozukluğu olan bireyin tedavi uyumu ve topluma yeniden kazandırılmasına yönelik yaklaşımlara yönelik beceri kazanır

Background Violence against women is a global public health problem. Primary healthcare services and health workers play an important role in managing this problem. The aim was to identify barriers and facilitators to the identification and management of intimate partner violence (IPV) among women presenting to primary healthcare services from the perspective of nurses/midwives, and to identify the challenges and needs to improve practices. Methods This was a qualitative descriptive study, in which semistructured interviews were conducted with 19 nurses/midwives working in primary healthcare services. The interviews were analysed using a thematic analysis approach through an inductive process. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research was used to ensure comprehensive reporting of the protocol for this qualitative study. Results Four main themes were identified: (1) detection of intimate partner violence, (2) nurses’/midwives’ current practices, (3) barriers to identification and management, and (4) needs. Conclusions Primary care nurses/midwives in this study perceived that they were not responsible for the detection and management of intimate partner violence, and a majority reported they did not want to take an active role. However, those who were willing to engage in the detection and management of IPV required sufficient time for patient consultations, a reduced workload and a separate room with suitable physical conditions. It is recommended that nurses/midwives be provided with training on IPV detection and management at specific intervals, and studies be conducted to evaluate the outcomes of such training, and initiate the professional decision-making process of nurses/midwives to effectively identify, respond to and support individuals affected by IPV.

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Kendine ve başkalarına zarar verme davranışı psikiyatri kliniklerinde sık karşılaşılan bir durumdur. Bu davranış, bireyin kendisine veya başkalarına bilinçli olarak veya hastalık belirtilerinin etkisiyle zarar vermesini içerir. Kendine zarar verme davranışı, genellikle ruhsal bozukluklarla ilişkilendirilir ve madde kullanımı olan gençler arasında daha sık görülür. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'ne göre, kendine zarar verme davranışı ergenlerin yaklaşık %17-18'ini etkilemekte ve ergenlerde en çok görülen riskli davranışlar arasında beşinci sırada yer almaktadır. Kendine ve başkalarına zarar verme davranışı, psikiyatri kliniklerinde diğer hastaların da güvenliğini tehdit eden bir durumdur. Kendine yaralama davranışı ise, intihar amacı gütmeyen ve tekrarlayan bir davranış olabilmektedir. Bu davranış, genellikle duygusal sıkıntıları hafifletmek için kullanılır. Kendine ve başkalarına zarar verme ve kendini yaralama davranışı psikiyatri kliniklerinde sık karşılaşılan durumlardır ve psikiyatri hemşirelerinin bu davranışlara uygun girişimlerde bulunması hasta güvenliği açısından önemlidir. Bu bölümde kendine ve başkalarına zarar verme ve kendini yaralama davranışı olan hastaya yaklaşım açıklanmıştır.

This study was conducted to determine the indirect effect of acculturation styles in the effect of self-efficacy, resilience and, acculturation stress on mental health problems among Syrian youth. The sample of the study consisted of 349 Syrian youth between the ages of 11–18 living in Istanbul, Turkey. Mediation analysis was used to test the indirect effect. As a result of the mediation tests, it was found that assimilation and integration mediate the relationship between self-efficacy and mental health problems; the relationship between psychological resilience and mental health problems is mediated only by integration. There was no indirect effect of acculturation styles on the relationship between acculturation stress and mental health problems. Considering the findings obtained from the study, it is thought that prevention and intervention programs can be created to increase the social awareness of individuals in the host society and to develop positive attitudes towards immigrant/refugee individuals.

The quality of the mother-daughter relationship is critical in the healthy raising of girls, who hold an important position in improving the progress and welfare level of societies. Do childhood traumas, mental problems, and family functioning in women transmit between generations? This research is a mixed method design. The findings of this research were integrated with convergent design. Purposive sampling was used as the sampling method. 108 members from three generations, 36 from each generation, agreed to participate in the quantitative phase and met the inclusion criteria in the quantitative phase. 13 participants from the third generation agreed to participate in in-depth interviews in the qualitative phase. It was determined that the transmission of childhood traumas, psychological symptoms, and family functioning occurred between two generations (p < 0.05). The second generation did not have a mediating effect on the transmission of trauma and psychopathology between the first and third generations. (p > 0.05). Views on the intergenerational transmission of trauma and psychopathology were parallel with the quantitative findings. It is recommended to adopt and implement effective parenting styles to prevent the intergenerational transmission of trauma and psychopathology.

As in all health professions, a skillfully conducted clinical interview is the cornerstone of nursing. The interview is the best opportunity for a person to tell nurse how they feel about their health condition. Through the use of clinical interviews, nurses can provide a comprehensive assessment of the patient’s medical and family history, symptoms, concerns, daily living habits, and condition, which is useful for determining interventions based on the patient’s needs and developing appropriate care plans. This chapter is prepared to gain the knowledge and deep understanding on the importance and the essences of clinical interview in health care, then to appraise how is possible to make an efficient interview with patients encountered in clinical practice. To be most effective as health care workers, we must recognise that the biological, psychological, and social characteristics of patients are interrelated and be able to approach using this holistic view.

BACKGROUND:Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women causes inadequate and unbalanced nutrition in children aged 0-5 years and adversely affects their growth.AIM:To examine the impact of intimate partner violence on a child's growth regarding the medical diagnosis in paediatric patients under 5 years of age, growth of the child, and the mother's exposure to intimate partner violence.METHODS:This descriptive cross-sectional study included 166 children admitted to a paediatric emergency department, and their mothers.RESULTS:Women exposed to emotional violence and controlling behaviour during pregnancy had children prone to being overweight and obese. A mothers lifetime exposure to physical violence had an adverse effect on their children's wasting and moderate wasting. In contrast, mothers' exposure to emotional violence had a direct impact on a child's wasting and moderate wasting.CONCLUSION:The lifetime effect of domestic violence may begin at birth. This vulnerability leads to negative outcomes in both children and women regarding biopsychosocial development.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT:Nurses and midwives in primary health care services and one-on-one care should be trained to evaluate prospective mothers and children aged 0-5 regarding violence and its effects on the child's growth.