Graduation project（thesis） is an important link in talent cultivation in universities, and the quality of graduation project（thesis） is the important guarantee for the high-quality development of undergraduate education.Digitization provides the mode innovation and technical support for universities to solve the difficult problem of the quality management of graduation design（thesis） and reconstruct the quality assurance system.Driven by digital transformation and relying on the digital platform of “campus flip”,Huanghe Science ＆ Technology College explores the construction of undergraduates’ graduation project（thesis） quality assurance system featured with “one core, double closed loops, and continuous improvement” through the reform practices such as data-driven, standard construction, teacher-student interaction, dynamic monitoring, and closed-loop feedback etc.The quality of graduation project（thesis） has been effectively improved.It provides a vivid reference case for the construction of teaching quality assurance system and the promotion of the strategic action of education digitization in universities.

本研究通过人工模拟干旱胁迫,开展定量添加外源多胺（Spd）研究,探究Spd与牧草生理代谢和光合作用之间的相互关系,探寻Spd与牧草耐旱性之间的相互作用,旨在从生物化学角度分析调控植物耐旱性的措施,为干旱半干旱地区地区牧草丰产提供指导依据。本研究表明,在干旱胁迫下,外源添加Spd可提高牧草叶片超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物歧化酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性,减少丙二醛含量,从一定程度减轻干旱胁迫对牧草的伤害。与此同时,外源添加Spd还可提高牧草叶片的净光合速率和气孔导度,进一步提高叶片水分利用效率。这表明,干旱胁迫下外源添加Spd （0.1 mmol/L）不仅可促进垂穗披碱草和老芒麦生长发育,还对其植物光合组织有一定的保护作用,使参与光合作用的保护酶系统维持较高的活性,有效减缓干旱胁迫对叶绿体造成的伤害,使得干旱胁迫下2种牧草的光合作用正常进行。

从青海、甘肃和四川境内的高原地区收集10份垂穗披碱草种质资源,在4℃低温下处理8、24和72 h,以25℃环境生长苗为对照,以材料对低温胁迫的响应为依据,评价种质耐寒性.结果 表明,在低温胁迫下,参试材料叶片相对膜透性逐渐增大,阿坝县和若尔盖种质在低温胁迫8h时叶片电导率高于对照143％和318％;叶绿素含量先降低后增加,但低温胁迫下含量均低于对照;参试材料中游离脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量逐渐增加,其中,阿坝种质游离脯氨酸和若尔盖种质可溶性糖含量增幅最大,在72 h时含量显著高于对照95 ％和207％;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性先增强后减弱,玛曲和碌曲种质中SOD活性在24 h时增加最显著,分别高于对照147％和148％,刚察种质在低温胁迫下POD活性显著高于对照220％.运用隶属函数法综合评价10个种质材料苗期耐寒性发现,碌曲、卓尼县和阿坝县种质耐寒性最强;若尔盖种质耐寒性中等;临潭县、刚察县、夏河县、舟曲县、合作市和玛曲县种质耐寒性弱.

当前,在国家大力推动"众创"政策的感召下,我国高校开展了轰轰烈烈的创新创业教育,为"众创"政策的实施提供了必需的人才基础.然而,成绩和危机是并存的,我国高校的创新创业教育一定程度上存在与企业实际需求脱节的问题,导致人才培养不能更好地为社会和企业的创新发展赋予动能.基于此,"创新"教育理念,引入OBE模式,以成果导向指导当前大学创新创业教育工作,探索出一条有效的、可持续的培养学生创新能力的路径,是高校创新创业教育必须解决好的重大课题.

地方高校作为深化创新创业教育改革的主要阵地,以众创空间为基础,总结创新创业实践育人中存在的问题,围绕构建"一体两翼"创新创业教育课程模型、建立以能力培养为核心的"三四五"实践教学体系、打造全链条创新创业实践育人平台、完善创新创业实践育人保障机制4个方面,探索多层次、立体化创新创业实践育人的路径和建议,助推"双创"和创新驱动战略的实施..

创新创业人才的培养是目前我国高等教育侧供给中最薄弱的一翼,高校本科创新人才培养应立足于教育供给侧结构性改革,建构以创业为驱动的新型创新人才培养模式,实现高校人才供给与社会需求的动态平衡.

In order to provide references for high-yield and high-quality cultivation, popularization and application of V.sativas in alpine grassland in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, taking three different V.sativas cultivars, including 2505, 2556 and 2560, as the test materials, a field experiment was conducted to explore the effects of combined application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on yield and quality of the three V.sativas cultivars.Results: Yields of 2505, 2556 and 2560 reached the highest, respectively 7 352 kg/hm2,8 578 kg/hm2 and 8 574 kg/hm2 when applied with phosphorus fertilizer 150 kg/hm2 and 50 kg/hm2 potassium fertilizer, which were higher than the control respectively by 28.49%, 14.27% and 39.96%.Increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers had little influence on crude protein content, but had significant influence on the contents of soluble sugar and crude fat(P<0.05).Soluble sugar content of 2505 reached the highest of 10.56% when applied with only phosphorus fertilizer 225 kg/hm2, that of 2556 and 2560 reached the highest of 10.48% and 10.62% respectively when applied with only potassium fertilizer 100 kg/hm2, significantly different with the control(P<0.05).Crude protein content of 2505 reached the highest of 1.64% when applied with phosphorus fertilizer 225 kg/hm2 and potassium fertilizer 100 kg/hm2, that of 2556 and 2560 reached the highest of respectively 1.47% and 1.57% when applied with phosphorus fertilizer 150 kg/hm2 and potassium fertilizer 100 kg/hm2, significantly with the control(P<0.05).Comprehensively considering yield and quality, application amount of phosphorus fertilizer 150~225 kg/hm2and potassium fertilizer 50~100 kg/hm2 on the three V.sativas cultivars.

选取西藏隆孜县青稞(Avena nuda)地、马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)地、紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)地、黄花苜蓿(Medicago falcata)地、油菜(Brassica cam pestris)、豌豆(Pisum sativum)混播地5种常见农作物样地,研究其土壤各种形态氮素、磷、有机质含量以及土壤pH的变化.结果表明,1)隆孜不同作物耕地土壤养分含量存在差异,马铃薯地有机质与全氮含量显著高于其它样地(P＜0.05);所有样地有机质平均含量为2.59％,全氮平均含量为0.18％,整体而言土壤肥力中等偏高.2)5种样地铵态氮含量变化较小,而硝态氮含量则呈强变异性,黄花苜蓿地硝态氮含量最高.3)土壤有机质C/N很低,有助于土壤有机氮的矿化.4)所有样地平均磷含量为0.13％,含量较丰富;而两种苜蓿地磷含量相对较低.5)所有样地pH平均变化范围是8.12～8.48,均呈微碱性;青稞地pH最高,不同作物对土壤pH的影响不同.6)土壤不同养分性状之间存在较为复杂的相关性、有机质与全氮和全磷、铵态氮与硝态氮之间均呈极显著的正相关(P＜0.01),土壤全氮与铵态氮和硝态氮则均无相关性,而土壤pH与硝态氮之间为极显著的负相关.

生物质秸秆是世界上最大可再生生物质资源之一.河南省生物质秸秆资源丰富,但秸秆产能利用尚处于初级阶段,综合利用率低,通过对河南省生物质秸秆资源现状进行调研,阐述生物质秸秆产能利用方式,找到生物质秸秆产能中存在问题,并提出相应对策和建议,对于河南农业现代化建设具有重大战略意义.

This study was aimed to detect SNPs of GHRH gene on 4th Exon Sequences gene in 52 blood samples from Xinyang buffalo,using the method of PCR-SSCP to extract DNA.The results from PCR-SSCP showed that there were two different band type in different after PCR reaction products silver staining of different individuals,named as AA and AB types respectively.The results from sequencing showed that A→G mutation which caused Thr trans?ferred to Ala at 70 in exon4 of the gene(GI:194719389)and A→C mutation at 6 in intron4 were detected.

随着我国经济发展进入新常态,在国家大力推进创新型国家建设的大背景下,推动大学生创新创业教育、以创业带动就业成为当前高校教育改革的重要方面.高校创新创业教育面临教育理念、课程体系、实践平台、师资力量等方面的问题.高校应结合自身实际制定切实可行的创新创业教育规划,积极探索有利于开展大学生创新创业教育的策略和途径,建立多层次的大学生创新创业教育体系,激发学生的兴趣与潜能,为国家和社会培养更多的创新创业型人才.

艾叶（Artem isia argyi Levl.et Vant.）是艾属菊科多年生草本植物艾的干燥叶，文章对艾叶的生化成分进行简要介绍，详细阐述了艾叶的药理作用，艾叶既是一类家禽喜欢吃的饲料，也是一味重要的中草药。近些年来关于艾叶临床作用方面的研究不断有新的进展，故对其化生物学成分和药理作用值得进一步研究开发。

60-year,35-year,28-year and 6-year old Amorpha fruticosa growing on southern Mu Us Sandy Land were sampled using the total strain mining method.Aboveground morphological characteristics,soil moisture, root biomass,specific root length,root fraction,root volume,root surface area and root length density were studied to reveal the ecological adaptability of A.fruticosain a sandy habitat.Results indicated that with increasing soil depth,the root biomass,root volume and root surface area of A.fruticosaof all ages declined exponentially in the formY=ae-bx.Root extinction coefficient analysis showed that roots were concentrated close to the soil surface.Parameters of root distribution showed different degrees of correlation:Soil moisture was significantly correlated with above ground biomass,root biomass,and specific root length.Soil moisture was also positively related to root surface area.The root distribution parameters,moisture control factor and framework factor,were confirmed by principal component analysis.With increasing years,A.fruticosa did not show an aging phenomenon since its roots had the ability to self-thin and update constantly,adapting to the changes in the environment.

The nutrient structure of Amorpha fruticosa was studied during the growing season by analysing the nutrient contents of leaves,stems and roots of different diameter for C,N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,Cu,and Zn.1) The nutrient contents of N,P and K were the inverse of stem and root diameter(they reduced as the diameter increased).The highest contents were in the leaf,stem and thin roots.2) There was no specific pattern of Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,Cu,and Zn contents with stem and root diameters.3) The correlation between trace elements was poorer than that between trace elements and macro-elements.Most correlation element pairs were in the stem,followed by the leaves,then roots.N,P,and K had the most relationships with other elements but C,Zn and Ca had fewer.4) There was more organic carbon,N,Ca,Mn and Cu in the leaves than in the stems and roots of A.fruticosa during the whole growingh season.The order of macro-element content in leaves was CNKCaMgP,and the order of trace element contents was FeMnZnCu.

17 morphological characteristic indexes and 11 nutritive elements of five different parts of Amorpha fruiticosa firstly planted in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau（Lhasa,Maqu） were investigated to understand the response of phenotypic plasticity and plant resource allocation of Amorpha fruiticosa to alpine habitat.The results of this study showed that phenotypic differences of A.fruiticosa was found in the two investigation regions,especially,the root morphological indexes were greatly different.The biomass proportion and nutritive element concentrations of different parts of A.fruiticosa was different between Lhasa region and Maqu region,which was caused by the response of plant resource allocation to alpine habitat.The correlation relationship between morphological indexes and nutrient element concentrations of A.fruiticosa was complex among two regions.

The changes of growth and physiological characteristics of Amorpha fruticosa seedlings under different waterlogging stress conditions were studied by carrying out a water soaking treatment.The nutritive growth had no obvious change although a mass of aquatic adventitious roots and specialized lenticels grew in a short time to adapt to the different waterlogging stresses.Chlorophyll contents in leaves and photosynthetic rate decreased differently in different flooding treatments: the main factor in surface submergence and semi-submergence waterlogging was the reduction of stomal condunctance,while the main factor in the nearly submerged waterlogging was the increase of intercellular CO2 concentration.Root activity of the surface submerge waterlogging treatments decreased insignificantly,while it fell by 58% between in the semi-submerge waterlogging treatments and the control group,and 51% between the nearly submerge waterlogging treatments and the control.Soluble sugar and proline contents in waterlogging treatments were all more than that in the control while the semi-submerge waterlogging treatments had the highest contents of them with the quantity 22.43 mmol/L and 570 μg/g respectively,and had obvious change with the control group(P<0.05),while MDA content showed no change.A.fruticosa could adapt to waterlogging stress by the growth of many aquatic adventitious roots and specialized lenticels and by accumulating osmotic adjustment substances.A.fruticosa had strong waterlogging tolerance ability and could be planted in wet land.

应用数量统计方法,对在西藏拉萨市、曲水县和甘肃玛曲县等青藏高原区首次种植的紫穗槐3个居群的17项形态特征指标进行比较分析.变异系数分析结果表明:不同居群内及居群间的形态特征存在一定程度的变异.采用主成分分析方法,找到了积累贡献率达86.603％的4个主成分,新枝长、新枝直径、老枝直径、主根直径、二级侧根总长5个性状是造成紫穗槐形态变异的主要因素,并分析了其与根际土壤生境的相关性.通过对紫穗槐一级侧根与二级侧根根长频率分布研究,表明:(1)不同居群内及居群间各个阶段根长存在差异;(2)居群3(玛曲)中一级侧根和二级侧根根长≥40 cm的频率明显高于另外两个居群.

The influences of nutritional quality on Amorpha fruticosa were studied using five simulated defoliation intensities(20%,40%,60%,80%,and 100% proportion of aboveground vegetation).The grey correlation degree method was used to comprehensively analyze seven nutritional indexes: crude ash(Ash),neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),water-soluble sugar(WSC),crude protein(CP),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K).When the defoliation intensity of A.fruticosa was 40%,the weighted grey correlation degree of leaves and stems was 0.781 2 and 0.651 3,respectively.This was larger than that of the other defoliation intensities.A.fruticosa had the best nutritional value with the 40% defoliation intensity treatment.

3 years old Amorpha fruticosa planed in experimental field was used to study the water content and its relationships with soil moisture in different growth stages. The results showed that average water con tents of stem and leaf（57.49% and 64. 10%）were much higher than soil moisture in different depths（5.31% , 5.59% and 5.28%）,so it had a strong water absorption and water holding capacity;the GW/DW ratio was high and GW/DW ratio was low, which suggested that Amorpha frulicosa was suitable for green fodder in early growth stage and hay making in late growth stage;the stem/leaf ratio increased monthly from 0.74 in early June to 1.71 in early September; there was a certain correlation among water content of stems, leaves anti whole plant,the GW/DW ratio and the stem/leaf ratio; both fresh and dry weight of stems anti leaves were increased with the growth period,dry matter of leaf and stem accumulated rapidly from July to August and July to Sep tember respectively; regression analysis indicated that stems, leaves and total aboveground biomass per plant showed a significant negative correlation with soil moisture in different depths.

In the Maqu alpine sandy grassland,three cultivated shrubs were selected to study the various forms of nitrogen,the contents of organic carbon and pH changes in both rhizosphere and bulk soil.The results showed that organic carbon in the rhizosphere was higher by 71.5% than that of bulk soil.Total nitrogen in the rhizosphere was lower by 11.0%.The content of ammonium were higher than that of nitrogen in three shrubs soil.The rhizosphere soil showed more obvious enrichment effect on organic carbon.The differences of organic carbon,total nitrogen and ammonium between the rhizosphere and bulk soil showed significant linear relationships(P0.05).There was no correlation in soil organic carbon and nitrogen between the rhizosphere and bulk soil.