当前,农村宅基地制度安排与时代发展出现了不适应的情况,造成以公平为出发点的制度出现了不公平的结果,即城乡不公平、区域不公平、时际不公平.农村宅基地制度是历史的产物,顺应当时的情况,但是时代发生了改变,越来越多的人口涌向城市,大量农村宅基地闲置,土地资源严重浪费.另外,城市房地产开发速度过快,导致楼市的高库存.上述二者形成了一对矛盾.通过调研黑龙江省的农村,对现有农村进行分类,找到各自的特点,对比分析其异同点.对黑龙江省农村拥有的宅基地情况进行分析,农民陆续离开农村,农村宅基地空置问题变得越来越严重.借鉴国内诸多实施宅基地改革的经验,结合黑龙江省城市楼市库存情况,提出对黑龙江省农村宅基地改革与农民购买存量房及二手房进行补贴的政策建议.

黑龙江省房地产存在库存多的问题,过去三年,房地产去库存取得了一定的成果,去库存周期下降,库存总量呈现下降趋势.但是,依然有去库存压力,当前库存主要表现为结构性库存,房地产库存主要集中在哈尔滨市的几个新开发区,大庆市、绥化市等周边城市房地产库存也集中在热点地区.2018年房地产开发在局部地区又出现了增长的态势,库存压力增大.黑龙江省房地产库存面临的问题是基础设施不完善,区域结构分化,人口红利消失和域外竞争加强等.在这样不利条件下,应借鉴外省经验,从供给和需求两个角度出发实施相应的产业政策来解决房地产去库存的问题.

随着经济的发展城市化进程不断加快,农民的生活水平也不断提升,有更多的人口向城市转移,因而出现大量的农村住房闲置和转让需求,为解决城乡结合部地区农村房屋及宅基地大量闲置浪费问题,我们对大庆市喇嘛甸镇新华村的基本情况进行了调研,该村属于城乡结合部农村地区,由于接近地价昂贵的城市,其宅基地流转的现状也较为典型,通过对其调研,了解现今存在的主要问题提出完善的宅基地退出机制,以提高土地利用率.

With the development of market economy,the migration of rural labor force to cities leads to a large number of idle housing and homestead in rural areas.Therefore,the transfer of rural housing and homestead has become an inevitable trend.Taking Xinhua Village of Daqing City as the research object,the current situation of circulation was analyzed,found that more than one house,illegal building,private transactions etc.Therefore,this situation is serious,we should establish the rural homestead housing and effectively transfer system,establish and improve the rural circulation market,perfect the withdrawal mechanism solution.This suggests the establishment of rural housing homestead and effective transfer system,establishment and improvement of the rural circulation market,improvement of the exit mechanism of solution.

当前绿色食品产业总体处于快速发展阶段,发展过程中出现反复,综合判断依然处于成长期.处于成长期的绿色食品产业发展要求产业链条中出绿色食品产业核心产业外,其前向产业和后向产业都要发展,即产业链条中创新扮演越来越重要的角色,对于绿色食品产业处于优势地位的欠发地区而言,创新人才是产业发展过程中最重要的因素,然而在欠发达地区优势产业人才也存在严重的人才流失现象.建立"绿食谷"战略,"人才生活区"的设立是欠发达地区优势产业处于成长期吸引创新人才、留住创新人才的最佳选择.

造成全球气候变暖的最主要因素90%以上可能由温室气体，主要是CO2气体引起的，城市CO2的排放量占全球CO2排放总量的75%，城市正成为巨大温室气体排放源。本文试从能源、经济、建筑及交通等角度来探索低碳城市发展路径。

工程管理专业是应用性学科，高等学校理论研究较深，跟建筑相关的企业要求新员有一定的实践能力。工程管理专业在职业教育方面存在问题较多，如实践环节薄弱，学生的动手能力较差，理论与实践脱节，这成为学生就业的障碍。所以在校期间要对学生进行职业实训教育，实训课程又不同实验课程，工作要求具有连续性，同学之间还要相互配合。学生只有实践经验充足，在工作岗位上才能短时间内胜任工作。本研究根据工程管理专业的授课内容，针对目前存在的找不到实习单位，没有校内实训基地等问题进行分析。

Snare space grapple device,using cables as actuator to capture targets flexibly,has advantages of large tolerance,low impact,high connection rigidity,and it is suitable to be used as the end effector of large space manipulator to grapple large space targets with high mass and size.Based on the research of snare space grapple device,the features of structure,principal of grapple,and the strategy of 'soft capture rigid connection'are put forward;The capture process is analyzed and the dynamic model is performed by Newton-Euler and hybrid coordinate methods,and its validity and rationality are verified by numerical simulation results.

Informatized teaching is the mainstream of contemporary education.However,its effectiveness is unsatisfactory in spite of huge investment,which deeply affects its development.Based on the state planning project "Research on multiple ways of learning and teaching effectively integrated into daily teaching in the information technology environment" and several military projects,this paper sums up their outcomes from the practice perspective of providing convenience for teachers and students of various disciplines.We put forward the theoretical framework and made a series of norms.We also promoted the mechanism construction and created supporting resources and multiple cooperation-support environment as well as the informatized teaching evaluation system.Furthermore,innovativeness and the great social and economic benefits of this study are stated briefly.

房地产业在国民经济中的地位不断上升,发展速度不断加快.各级地方政府在发展房地产市场的同时,逐步改善和提高本地区中、低收入人群的住房保障体系的建立,实现中、低收入人群“住有其所”的保障目标.我国财政分权缺乏宪法和法律的保护,中央和地方之间的权责界限不清,协调与解决争议的机制不够完善,使得财政分权的制约功能丧失,这大大地加大了我国财政风险.所以,我们应当建立健全法律保障体系,从法律的层面,制约和协调中央与地方的财政分权界限.我们应当致力于打破地方政府对土地一级市场的绝对垄断,在法律层面上,正确认识集体土地所有权与国家土地所有权是两个完全平等的民事权利主体.要想解决我国现行的住房市场的困境,就需要从市场自身出发,明确供给需求强度,增加有效地住房供给,才能根本上解决住房的刚性需求.

本文通过对市场份额、市场集中度、产品差异化、规模经济和市场进退壁垒的分析来研究中国银行业的市场结构。通过计算中国银行业的市场份额,发现国有商业银行仍居于主要地位,通过数据计算CR4和HHI指数,发现中国银行业市场近年来的集中度依然较高,仍是由四大国有商业银行控制着整个市场。但从动态发展来看,在市场化进程中新生成的商业银行对这种高度集中的格局产生了一些冲击,中国银行业的市场结构开始从寡头垄断、高度集中转变为垄断竞争、适当集中。另外,中国银行业的产品差异化较小,政策法律性壁垒构成中国银行业的主要障碍。虽然整体表现为规模经济,但国有商业银行规模经济状态差于股份制商业银行。

In recent years,with the development of China's economy,the level of economic development between regions showed imbalance.The main factors of regional economic growth include physical capital,natural resources,human capital and so on.By analyzing the relations of the data of the various provinces per capita GDP and the average years of schooling,per thousand the number of health technologies,finding that the human capital role and economic development have positive correlation,and then improving the development of the regions' economic.Human capital has a positive role on the regions' economic growth,so give some proposals on how to improve the level of regional economic growth and narrow the gap between the different regions,expecting to promote the whole social to have a better long-term and stabilized development.

Greenfood industry is the competitive industries in Heilongjiang Province,through calculation draw the conclusion that Heilongjiang Province has form cluster.And when the industry cluster develope quickly some restraint factors exist that make it is difficult to upgrade.The factors show as lock-in state include production factors,production structure and low-road compatative advantage lock-in.

We should take full advantage of foreign experience in the process of developing international organic food market.We should build up cooperation mechanism from produce to circulation.Korea has advantage in technology,capital and familiar with market when Chinese has advantage in land,labor and so on,the two sides have cooperation found,complementary advantages and can make more profit.In the article we set up three cooperation model between Chinese and Korean.And it is also important for government to direct the cooperation and rise up the compete ability.

社会经济活动由制造业主导向服务业主导的转变是一个客观的发展过程。当前,服务业已成为社会经济发展的主导产业,要以此为基础,规划、设计地方和区域的发展,并以此为核心、调整和优化经济结构;服务业发展滞后,与观念、体制、政绩考核体系有很大关系;在加快发展服务业中,地方政府的政策导向和支持十分重要;服务业的增幅要快于GDP的增幅,以利经济结构调整和优化;加快发展服务业就要为民营经济,主要是中小企业发展提供空间,这就要求降低国有及国有控股的比重;改善金融环境,出台和实施有利于服务业发展的创业政策,加强三省间的合作,是提高区域竞争力的关键,也是东北老工业基地可持续发展的必由路径。

通过创新促进产业集群升级,保持区域产业的竞争优势,已成为共识。通过产业集群的创新活动,促使产业集群竞争优势中淡化、衰退的因素逐步被新的优势竞争因素取代是产业持续发展的动力。绿色食品产业集群的创新包括组织创新、政策创新和管理创新,通过集群的创新,协调集群内部各环节的发展,保持其持续的竞争优势是区域绿色食品产业发展的关键。

通过创新促进产业集群升级,保持区域产业的竞争优势,已成为共识。通过产业集群的创新活动,促使产业集群竞争优势中淡化、衰退的因素逐步被新的优势竞争因素取代是产业持续发展的动力。绿色食品产业集群的创新包括组织创新、政策创新和管理创新,通过集群的创新,协调集群内部各环节的发展,保持其持续的竞争优势是区域绿色食品产业发展的关键。

Taking the advantage of existed model and adjusting it according to the situation in Harbin,this paper calculates the disequilibrium degree.It conclude that the real estate in Harbin is healthy,and the local government should increase the ratio of real estate industry in GDP and investment more in the development of new district so as to incentive the econo- my.

This paper analyzed specific reasons of currently real estate price rising all over the country paper.It is believed that civilization level, domestic demand, higher reward but lower risk and personal investment demand rising account for that.Furthermore,the authors argued to deep residential housing market developing healthy,it should adjust residential housing supplying structure,restrict the action of government,control supply quantity of land.

It is times' demand that rural industrial structure should be adjusted, and it is also the demand of peasents' interest. According to the significance of the new circle of rural industrial structure adjustment, the issue discusses the principle should be obeied and the methods should be used in the process.